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In humans, they confirmed 17 previously-reported genes acquired from HGT, and identified 128 additional foreign genes in the human genome that have not previously been reported.
Some of those genes were involved in lipid metabolism, including the breakdown of fatty acids and the formation of glycolipids. Others were involved in immune responses, including the inflammatory response, immune cell signalling, and antimicrobial responses, while further gene categories include amino-acid metabolism, protein modification and antioxidant activities.
The team were able to identify the likely class of organisms the transferred genes came from. Bacteria and protists, another class of microorganisms, were the most common donors in all species studied. They also identified HGT from viruses, which was responsible for up to 50 more foreign genes in primates.
Some genes were identified as having originated from fungi. This explains why some previous studies, which only focused on bacteria as the source of HGT, originally rejected the idea that these genes were 'foreign' in origin.
The majority of HGT in primates was found to be ancient, occurring sometime between the common ancestor of Chordata and the common ancestor of the primates.
The authors say that their analysis probably underestimates the true extent of HGT in animals and that direct HGT between complex multicellular organisms is also plausible, and already known in some host-parasite relationships.
The study also has potential impacts on genome sequencing more generally. Genome projects frequently remove bacterial sequences from results on the assumption that they are contamination. While screening for contamination is necessary, the potential for bacterial sequences being a genuine part of an animal's genome originating from HGT should not be ignored, say the authors.
originally posted by: 3NL1GHT3N3D1
a reply to: randyvs
I meant as in the biblical account, dirt forming man, not life coming from dirt them evolving into man over billions of years.
The first man did not literally pop out of the ground did he?
originally posted by: Phage
a reply to: NoCorruptionAllowed
Interesting that silicon, the second most abundant element in "dirt", does not appear on that list.
But it is true that man has been formed, and man is formed of dirt.
originally posted by: 3NL1GHT3N3D1
a reply to: WeAre0ne
I am not made up of dirt, I am made up of meat, ligaments, bones, and grey matter. Just because we share common elements with dirt does not mean we are the same as dirt, or dust, or clay, or whatever.
I can look at dirt, dirt cannot look at me. There's an inherent difference between me and dirt.
There is nothing you can say or do to deny that. It is a fact.