Nurse Fired for Refusing Flu Shot Sues Hospital, Federal and State Governments for $100,000,000

originally posted by: ElectricUniverse

originally posted by: Pardon?
...


She is and has done absolutely nothing in the field she's criticising.

So, can you tell me why she's an expert or not.
Simple question.

I don't know maybe because of the fact that she has done research and published work on medical journals on substances that can cause toxicity?

But since this discussion of Dr. K Brogan is getting nowhere perhaps you should tell us why your "claimed expertise in cardiac rhythm management" give your claims more validity than those of other researchers who have even more extensive expertise than Dr. Brogan such as Laszlo Magos M.D. who has at least 163 published papers in pubmed.gov.

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov...

Dear me.

So a toxicologist would be an expert in vaccines and immunology by your logic?
So again by your logic the reverse would be true too?

And how many papers has Laszlo published about vaccines?
I can only find four in Pubmed and none of them are to do with vaccines at all.
Not sure where you're getting the number you say unless you're counting comments too.
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov...

But anyway, one or two papers on toxins completely unrelated to vaccines, child health or immunology somehow makes her an expert?

And what exactly are the claims I'm making apart from the fact that the experts you put your belief in have no proof that they are experts. I don't really have to be an expert on anything to say that.
I'm disputing that they are experts and as yet you've shown nothing to show they are so I'm afraid the onus is on you, not I.

EDIT Laszlo has got more than four on Pubmed but the count includes some comments and replies.
None of them are related to vaccines though.

originally posted by: Pardon?

originally posted by: ElectricUniverse

originally posted by: Pardon?

Hopefully no-one anywhere gives the flu shot intranasally.
However, FluMist is used extensively in the US and other parts of the world which weakens your point quite a bit.

What the hell... Your point has been that VACCINES are safe despite evidence to the contrary, apart from your claims that only "you" can tell who can count as an expert.

Just because "people can get flu shot intranasally" doesn't make "VACCINES SAFE"...

The science shows they're safe.
Just because your belief system gets in the way of understanding that science doesn't make them unsafe.

Sure, and science showed asbestos was safe, so safe that the government put it everywhere, and even after years of people getting sick they still claimed it was safe. why? because once the truth comes out, then they are liable, just like with vaccines.

originally posted by: AmenStop

originally posted by: Pardon?

originally posted by: ElectricUniverse

originally posted by: Pardon?

Hopefully no-one anywhere gives the flu shot intranasally.
However, FluMist is used extensively in the US and other parts of the world which weakens your point quite a bit.

What the hell... Your point has been that VACCINES are safe despite evidence to the contrary, apart from your claims that only "you" can tell who can count as an expert.

Just because "people can get flu shot intranasally" doesn't make "VACCINES SAFE"...

The science shows they're safe.
Just because your belief system gets in the way of understanding that science doesn't make them unsafe.

Sure, and science showed asbestos was safe, so safe that the government put it everywhere, and even after years of people getting sick they still claimed it was safe. why? because once the truth comes out, then they are liable, just like with vaccines.

Completely incorrect.

The science at the time showed that asbestos was unsafe as early as the beginning of last century.
It just took a long time to determine how unsafe and to apply the correct control of it.
www.oracleasbestos.com...
a-a-s-c.org.uk...

Bit of a difference don't you think?

The last time i worked as a EMT i was told i needed to be vaccinated against Pertussis and chicken pox.

I did get a shingles vaccination. but my doctor said i did not need the Pertussis and chicken pox vaccination as i had both disorders as a kid.
The department said i still needed the vaccinations

i retired shortly after.

ive read ll the posts and i have to say, way to go pardon

i love when these anti vaccine people post all their articles and sources that add up to exactly nothing...

they will risk their kids getting polio cause they fell for the pseudo science and research..

it is borderline sad...

i couldnt help but look up this kelly brogan....

kellybroganmd.com...

Board Certified in Integrative Holistic Medicine, ABIHM

^^^^on what planet does that make her an expert on vaccines

Board Certified in Psychosomatic Medicine/ Consultation Psychiatry, ABPN

^^^^^^what about this?

Board Certified in Psychiatry, ABPN

^^^nope

NYU School of Medicine, NY Faculty, Clinical Instructor; Fellowship in Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry

^^^^i dont think so

NYU School of Medicine, NY Resident in Psychiatry; NYU Reproductive Psychiatry Program

^^^^and a big bwuahahahaahaha

i think i would go see her if i thought my headaches were caused by a brain tumor and i needed some super secret pill or cream that comes only from the special root found only in the rain forest...

she i the type of doctor that shows up on infomercials with cindy crawford.....you know, selling her cure for this or that....

a reply to: CardiffGiant

And pardon claims to specialize on "cardiac rhythm management". So again, how does that make him/her an expert at all, or to be able to claim that other doctors and specialists would not know what they are talking about when Pardon himself/herself is not an specialist in vaccines?... All he did is make a lot of false claims, post to a couple of studies which do not take into consideration the fact that vaccine manufacturers can and do CHANGE INGREDIENTS from one batch of vaccines to another, and not all vaccine manufacturers use the same ingredients, including adjuvants, and thimerasol. So guess what? There will be some studies that won't find a link. not to mention that "pardon" claims that his instincts and the response from ANOTHER random person who is not a doctor on any field can refute all the research that proves vaccines are not as safe as some claim them to be...

BTW, I have already mentioned "several times" that you can choose some vaccines that do not contain thimerasol, or aluminum salts. But you have to request it...

Not to mention that "pardon" wants to dismiss what other medical specialists have to say about this subject simply because they don't agree with his/her opinion. Pardon has claimed to be "an specialist in cardiac rhythm management". So AGAIN, how does that make him right, based on a "biased opinion" and a link to some other person who is not even a doctor?...

BTW, Kelly Brogan is not the only doctor, or specialist I have posted links to in this thread. Pardon wants to dismiss and ignore what biochemists, neurologists, specialists in environmental toxicology, and many other clinical research specialists, ALL of which "Pardon" wants to dismiss, alongside some other members...

Some of the other researchers and specialists whose research I have posted in this thread include, and are not limited to...

John Jay Gargus

Positions:
Professor, Physiology & Biophysics
School of Medicine

Professor, Pediatrics
School of Medicine

Director of Center for Autism Research and Treatment (UCI CART)
School of Medicine

www.faculty.uci.edu...

...
Matthew P. Anderson, MD, PhD, is an Associate Professor and Principal Investigator in the Departments of Pathology and Neurology and Director of Neuropathology at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, an affiliate of Harvard Medical School." The Anderson Laboratory studies the molecular, cellular and neural network mechanisms responsible for disorders of membrane excitability and synaptic transmission in the central nervous system.
...

www.bidmc.org...

Amber Clausi

Senior Process Engineer at Sanofi Pasteur
Allentown, Pennsylvania Area Pharmaceuticals

Amber Clausi's Overview
Current Senior Process Engineer at Sanofi Pasteur
Past Development Scientist at Sanofi Pasteur
Development Scientist at Sanofi Pasteur
Research Assistant at University of Colorado


see all
Education University of Colorado Boulder
Penn State University
...
Amber Clausi's Summary

Senior Process Engineer working on scale up/lyophilizaton cycle transfers of various vaccine products.

Specialties: Lyophilization, Vaccine Formulation and Stability, Aluminum Adjuvants, Stability Programs
...

www.linkedin.com...

José G. Dórea, Ph.D.
Professor of Nutritional Sciences, University of Brasília

A graduate from the University of Pernambuco with advanced degrees from the University of Massachusetts (MSc and PhD). He has worked at Iowa State University (USA), University of Hawaii (USA), and University of Campinas (Brazil). He is author of book chapters and has published on infant nutrition and environmental impact of toxic (natural and man made) substances on growth and development of children. He is in the Editorial Board of peer-reviewed scientific journals and has authored and co-authored more than 180 papers; 75 since 2007 in journals of public health, medical and environmental sciences, toxicology, and pharmacology.
...

www.safeminds.org...

Kathleen McCarty, Ph.D.

Superfund Research Program

Dr. Kathleen M. McCarty, an SRP trainee from 2002-2005, is an environmental/molecular epidemiologist at Yale University. She received her Doctor of Science degree (ScD) from the Department of Environmental Health Sciences at the Harvard School of Public Health (HSPH). Her dissertation research, a component of Dr. David C. Christiani's SRP-funded research project, "Arsenic and Health in Taiwan and Bangladesh", focused on whether environmental co-exposures and host factors affected arsenic biomarker response and/or susceptibility to arsenic-related skin lesions in Bangladesh. This work resulted in five peer-reviewed first author publications.
...

www.niehs.nih.gov...

And a myriad of other specialists all who say that vaccines are not as safe as "some people" want you to believe...

But hey, if you want to listen to someone who says his/her "instincts" and the claims made by another blogger who is not even a doctor can dismiss all this research more power to you...

edit***
sorry

i think your expert claims would be more valid if they came from experts..

you know, someone like this guy

en.wikipedia.org...

Maurice Ralph Hilleman (August 30, 1919 – April 11, 2005) was an American microbiologist who specialized in vaccinology and developed over 36 vaccines, an unparalleled degree of productivity.[1][2] Of the 14 vaccines routinely recommended in current vaccine schedules, he developed eight: those for measles, mumps, hepatitis A, hepatitis B, chickenpox, meningitis, pneumonia and Haemophilus influenzae bacteria.[1] He also played a role in the discovery of the cold-producing adenoviruses, the hepatitis viruses, and the cancer-causing virus SV40.

He is credited with saving more lives than any other medical scientist of the 20th century.[3][4][5] Robert Gallo described him as "the most successful vaccinologist in history

^^^^^^^^^^that is an expert


edit*

a reply to: ElectricUniverse

Oh dear.
You've not been reading properly again (which isn't surprising since you're still banging on about my claiming to be an expert which, if you get a grown-up to read my posts for you, they'll point out to you that I haven't claimed that at all).

The link you've posted for John Jay Gargus has this statement from him about his research...
"It terrifies me that people will be making arguments [from this work] that further enhance the panic about vaccines,” Gargus adds. “Obviously, getting a vaccination will sometimes give you a fever, but the kid’s going to get a fever sooner or later anyway. It’s not like it’s a special fever."

Not exactly anti-vax is it?
Seems more anti anti-vaxxers to me.


The one from Matthew Anderson shows a possible mechanism whereby fevers in utero could lead to autism.
It doesn't say it does.
In fact there are so many maybes in it no-one who knows anything about research would cite it as evidence of anything.
If anything it's points more towards avoiding full-blown fevers whilst pregnant, you know, like the ones you can be vaccinated against?
Another back-fire for you.


Amber Clausi's was about the aggregation of aluminium salts in vaccines.
This discusses how the aggregation affects the immunogeneticity of adjuvants.
It's got nothing to do with vaccines being unsafe (or aluminium salts in them either).
Yet another backfire.


Jose Dorea is a professor of Nutritional Sciences and has actually produced some research.
Well done.
You've found one. (ONE).
An awful lot of his research is based upon the "work" of the Geiers though which has been thoroughly reviewed and dismissed by numerous real experts in the field and have been shown to be inconsistent with data and have very poor methodology.
However, the research Jose's done has been superseded and guess what?
There's still no connection with vaccines and autism.
Read the links in this
theness.com...


Kathleen McCarty authored a paper on the toxicity of mercury in children.
The mercury exposure studied was that of ELEMENTAL mercury, not mercury salts.
You know, the mercury which used to be in thermometers, a silvery metal which is liquid at room temperature?
Yes that's the one.
Not the salt. You know where is chemically bound at a molecular level with another element or two.
Another fail.



So, out of the one's you've cited as being against vaccines, two are actually FOR them!.
Only one says anything anti-vax and you have used studies from the others which are out of context and have nothing to do with the nonsensical point you're stuck in a belief system with.

Now there's only two reasons for doing that.
One: The person citing those studies hasn't a clue what they're talking about (you definitely fall into that category)
Two: The person citing those studies are doing so in order to spread misinformation. (You're probably guilty of this through ignorance).


So I've countered what you've posted in an easy to understand way.

It will be interesting to read your reply and counter-arguments but if they're as facile as your previous ones interesting will probably be the wrong word to use..(facile won't be though, look its meaning up).

i dont see how people do not get their children vaccinated...i mean hey, its your kids so do what you will but i dont get it.

these anti vaxxers read some pseudo science hokum by people that are not even experts or even qualified for that matter and they believe it. 30 seconds of reading what these pseudo experts put out is enough to see that it is BS but people fall for it.

im a parent so i worry. my daughter is two and we did research cause we have been going through the vaccines.

one of the first times we took our daughter i said something along the lines of "why does she need a polio shot. i thought it was eradicated and people dont get that anymore"

and the retort from the doctor was "yeah, people dont get polio cause they get vaccinated"

makes lots of sense to me...

clearly most of these anti vax people are intelligent. they read and do research and so on....in the end, why do they believe the garbage??

there are no scientific/medical links that show vaccines cause autism or anything else....nothing that it legit, peer reviewed, from qualified people.....NOTHING

there are plenty of papers and studies and bah blah but they are authored by people not qualified or they clearly have an agenda....quite a lot of the people authoring these types of papers are hawking their all natural homeopathic snake oil crap right along side their study.....

why in the hell would you risk measles or polio for your kid because of what some pseudo expert says on their geocities page? it really is beyond me


pardon i have enjoyed your posts....keep it up my friend

its funny/sad that all this anti vax crap comes from this

en.wikipedia.org...

The MMR vaccine controversy centered around the 1998 publication of a fraudulent research paper in the medical journal The Lancet that lent support to the subsequently discredited claim that colitis and autism spectrum disorders could be caused by the combined measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine.[1] The media has been heavily criticized for its naïve reporting and for lending undue credibility to the architect of the fraud, Andrew Wakefield.

----------------

there you go

*edit*

Investigations by Sunday Times journalist Brian Deer revealed that Wakefield had multiple undeclared conflicts of interest, had manipulated evidence, and had broken other ethical codes. The Lancet paper was partially retracted in 2004 and fully retracted in 2010, and Wakefield was found guilty by the General Medical Council of serious professional misconduct in May 2010 and was struck off the Medical Register, meaning he could no longer practice as a doctor.[5] In 2011, Deer provided further information on Wakefield's improper research practices to the British medical journal, BMJ, which in a signed editorial described the original paper as fraudulent.[6][7] The scientific consensus is that no evidence links the vaccine to the development of autism, and that the vaccine's benefits greatly outweigh its risks


^^^^^^^^^^there you go some more

why would you chance it when it comes to your kids?

and one more thing

Following the initial claims in 1998, multiple large epidemiological studies were undertaken. Reviews of the evidence by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,[8] the American Academy of Pediatrics, the Institute of Medicine of the US National Academy of Sciences,[9] the UK National Health Service,[10] and the Cochrane Library[11] all found no link between the vaccine and autism.

im not risking my kid cause of some hokum...

Don't they have a duty of care towards their patients? I have to also have one and will have one gladly because I don't want to kill any of my service users.

originally posted by: Pardon?
a reply to: ElectricUniverse

Oh dear.
You've not been reading properly again (which isn't surprising since you're still banging on about my claiming to be an expert which, if you get a grown-up to read my posts for you, they'll point out to you that I haven't claimed that at all)


...

LOL, you like to cherry pick, like always. First of all my argument was in response to your claims that none of the research I have posted links to refutes your claims and do not come from experts, which I have proven is a lie, but you do love to lie don't you?...

Second, AGAIN I have stated that there are vaccines which don't use many of these ingredients which can be toxic. Of course there are vaccines that are needed, but there are others which are not needed more so when they efficacy has not been demonstrated, and their negative health impacts are many.

BTW, my argument about Dr Kelly Brogan is around YOUR claims that only you and people like you can determine who can give an informed opinion on whether some substances in vaccines are safe or not. You imply that your "claims" are better than hers because you agree with some "blogger who is not even a doctor" and because you can link to A COUPLE of research studies meanwhile so far I have given around 20 which dispute your claims.

If you don't think that doctors like Kelly Brogran can give an informed decision, then YOU shouldn't be trying to pass your false claims as "truth" when you don't specialize in vaccines either"...

originally posted by: ElectricUniverse
your claims that none of the research I have posted links to refutes your claims and do not come from experts, which I have proven is a lie,


so far I have given around 20 which dispute your claims.

your links didnt come from experts though and your 20 or so links are from unqualified experts that deal in junk science...

just saying

originally posted by: CardiffGiant
...
Board Certified in Integrative Holistic Medicine, ABIHM

^^^^on what planet does that make her an expert on vaccines

...

If you would pull down the blinders that your self inflated ego has put over your eyes and took a minute to understand what people type perhaps you would have realized that I have NEVER said "Dr. Brogan is an expert in vaccines"... What I have said is that she has published research on some substances that can cause toxicity and that is a fact. PArdon wants to claim that no one should listen to what Drs. like Brogan have to say because "she is not an expert in vaccines". Guess what PARDON IS NOT AN EXPERT ON VACCINES EITHER...

BTW, I have already shown some of the experts in vaccines which refutes the blind and uninformed claims made by you and Pardon.

John Jay Gargus

Positions:
Professor, Physiology & Biophysics
School of Medicine

Professor, Pediatrics
School of Medicine

Director of Center for Autism Research and Treatment (UCI CART)
School of Medicine

www.faculty.uci.edu...

...
Matthew P. Anderson, MD, PhD, is an Associate Professor and Principal Investigator in the Departments of Pathology and Neurology and Director of Neuropathology at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, an affiliate of Harvard Medical School." The Anderson Laboratory studies the molecular, cellular and neural network mechanisms responsible for disorders of membrane excitability and synaptic transmission in the central nervous system.
...

www.bidmc.org...

Amber Clausi

Senior Process Engineer at Sanofi Pasteur
Allentown, Pennsylvania Area Pharmaceuticals

Amber Clausi's Overview
Current Senior Process Engineer at Sanofi Pasteur
Past Development Scientist at Sanofi Pasteur
Development Scientist at Sanofi Pasteur
Research Assistant at University of Colorado


see all
Education University of Colorado Boulder
Penn State University
...
Amber Clausi's Summary

Senior Process Engineer working on scale up/lyophilizaton cycle transfers of various vaccine products.

Specialties: Lyophilization, Vaccine Formulation and Stability, Aluminum Adjuvants, Stability Programs
...

www.linkedin.com...

José G. Dórea, Ph.D.
Professor of Nutritional Sciences, University of Brasília

A graduate from the University of Pernambuco with advanced degrees from the University of Massachusetts (MSc and PhD). He has worked at Iowa State University (USA), University of Hawaii (USA), and University of Campinas (Brazil). He is author of book chapters and has published on infant nutrition and environmental impact of toxic (natural and man made) substances on growth and development of children. He is in the Editorial Board of peer-reviewed scientific journals and has authored and co-authored more than 180 papers; 75 since 2007 in journals of public health, medical and environmental sciences, toxicology, and pharmacology.
...

www.safeminds.org...

Kathleen McCarty, Ph.D.

Superfund Research Program

Dr. Kathleen M. McCarty, an SRP trainee from 2002-2005, is an environmental/molecular epidemiologist at Yale University. She received her Doctor of Science degree (ScD) from the Department of Environmental Health Sciences at the Harvard School of Public Health (HSPH). Her dissertation research, a component of Dr. David C. Christiani's SRP-funded research project, "Arsenic and Health in Taiwan and Bangladesh", focused on whether environmental co-exposures and host factors affected arsenic biomarker response and/or susceptibility to arsenic-related skin lesions in Bangladesh. This work resulted in five peer-reviewed first author publications.
...

www.niehs.nih.gov...

And a myriad of other specialists all who say that vaccines are not as safe as "some people" want you to believe...

These are just some of the research specialists whose research I have linked, and who state that there are substances in vaccines which are not safe...

originally posted by: CardiffGiant

your links didnt come from experts though and your 20 or so links are from unqualified experts that deal in junk science...

just saying

That's a LIE, if you are going to respond in threads like this one make sure you READ the information provided, otherwise so far all you have done is being a troll. The statements made by Doctors like Brogan come from their reading research from experts in vaccines some of which I have posted.

My whole argument with Pardon, and his/her "instincts" is that he/she seems to claim that only experts in vaccines can make an informed decision on this topic, despite the fact that "PARDON" himself/herself IS NOT A VACCINE EXPERT, and I am sure that neither are you... If you two, and others like you are going to try to "nickpick" as to who can make an informed decision on this topic, then you two should leave yourselves out of the conversation because neither of you are qualified to do so.

originally posted by: ElectricUniverse


. What I have said is that she has published research on some substances that can cause toxicity and that is a fact.

PArdon wants to claim that no one should listen to what Drs. like Brogan have to say because "she is not an expert in vaccines".
BTW, I have already shown some of the experts n vaccines which refutes the blind and uninformed claims made by you and Pardon.


And a myriad of other specialists all who say that vaccines are not as safe as "some people" want you to believe...

These are just some of the research specialists whose research I have linked, and who state that there are substances in vaccines which are not safe...

pardon is correct. people should not listen to people like dr brogan because they are not experts, its really not that hard to understand.
you have not shown anything from any expert. i dont get why you cant comprehend that.

'not as safe' as some people think is a far, far cry from saying vaccines are linked to autism.

i dont know what else to say except your myriad of links are junk....
sorry but it is true.

all this talk comes from a fraudulent paper that has been retracted.
it has been proven the guy who wrote it lied and manipulated evidence....

from that one article it has snow balled into a whole area of junk science that suck people like you in.

kind of sad really

also, i am no expert and have never claimed as much.
i never claimed people should listen to me.

what i am saying is people should not listen to you or the people you are linking to...

what ii am saying is people should do their research and make sure they are reading legit, peer reviewed studies conducted by people qualified in the field..

you know, experts like the guy i linked to.


chances are if they are hawking a product or if they are not an md/phd/research scientist in that field then it is faulty information...

none if this is going to sink in for you though.
your mind is made up already....

oh well, not my kids not my problem

originally posted by: ElectricUniverse


only experts in vaccines can make an informed decision on this topic, despite the fact that "PARDON" himself/herself IS NOT A VACCINE EXPERT, and I am sure that neither are you... If you two, and others like you are going to try to "nickpick" as to who can make an informed decision on this topic, then you two should leave yourselves out of the conversation because neither of you are qualified to do so.

i can make informed decisions. so can you. so can pardon.

making an informed decision is not the same thing as writing papers and spreading the wrong information.

see, your myriad of doctors are not making informed decisions.
they are trying to pass off research and findings that are false.

can you not see the difference?

i have said several times i am not an expert and i have never claimed to be.

i am saying that people should not make informed decisions based on research done by people who are not experts in the field and really are not qualified at all.

whatever....
again, not my kids, not my problem.

i will continue to enjoy this thread and all of your links full of false information....no big

a reply to: Pardon?

Oh dear, first of all, the research made by J. Jay Gargus, MD, PhD, is on the research they mention about invulnerability to oxidative stress may be involved in the etiology of autism.

...
Abstract: While evidence points to a multigenic etiology of most autism, the pathophysiology of the disorder has yet to be defined and the underlying genes and biochemical pathways they subserve remain unknown. Autism is considered to be influenced by a combination of various genetic, environmental and immunological factors; more recently, evidence has suggested that increased vulnerability to oxidative stress may be involved in the etiology of this multifactorial disorder.
...

www.abovetopsecret.com...

Other research has shown that some substances/ingredients in vaccines do cause oxidative stress and inflammation.

© 2008 Science Publications
Corresponding Author: Matthew P. Anderson, Departments of Neurology and Pathology,
Harvard Medical School/Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Institutes of Medicine,
Room 846, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115 USA, Tel: 6176670853
167
Bridging from Cells to Cognition in Autism Pathophysiology: Biological
Pathways to Defective Brain Function and Plasticity
1Matthew P. Anderson, 2Brian S. Hooker and 3Martha R. Herbert
1Departments of Neurology and Pathology, Harvard Medical School/Beth Israel Deaconess Medical
Center, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Room 846, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115 USA
2High Throughput Biology Team, Fundamental Science Directorate, Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd., Richland, WA 99354 USA
3Pediatric Neurology/Center for Morphometric Analysis, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard
Medical School, 149 13th St., Room 6012, Charlestown, MA 02129 USA
and
Center for Child and Adolescent Development, Cambridge Health Alliance/Harvard Medical School,
101 Station Landing, Room 2105, Medford, MA 02155 USA

Abstract: We review evidence to support a model where the disease process underlying autism may begin when an in utero or early postnatal environmental, infectious, seizure, or autoimmune insult triggers an immune response that increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in the brain that leads to DNA damage (nuclear and mitochondrial) and metabolic enzyme blockade and that these inflammatory and oxidative stressors persist beyond early development (with potential further exacerbations), producing ongoing functional consequences. In organs with a high metabolic demand such as the central nervous system, the continued use of mitochondria with damaged DNA and impaired metabolic enzyme function may generate additional ROS which will cause persistent activation of the innate immune system leading to more ROS production. Such a mechanism would self-sustain and possibly progressively worsen.
...

thescipub.com...

J Immunotoxicol. 2013 Apr-Jun;10(2):210-22. doi: 10.3109/1547691X.2012.708366. Epub 2012 Sep 11.

How aluminum adjuvants could promote and enhance non-target IgE synthesis in a genetically-vulnerable sub-population.

Terhune TD1, Deth RC.



Author information



Abstract

Aluminum-containing adjuvants increase the effectiveness of vaccination, but their ability to augment immune responsiveness also carries the risk of eliciting non-target responses, especially in genetically susceptible individuals. This study reviews the relevant actions of aluminum adjuvants and sources of genetic risk that can combine to adversely affect a vulnerable sub-population. Aluminum adjuvants promote oxidative stress and increase inflammasome activity, leading to the release of IL-1β, IL-18, and IL-33, but not the important regulatory cytokine IL-12. In addition, they stimulate macrophages to produce PGE₂, which also has a role in regulating immune responses. This aluminum-induced cytokine context leads to a T(H)2 immune response, characterized by the further release of IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-9, IL-13, and IgE-potentiating factors such as sCD23. Genetic variants in cytokine genes, such as IL-4, IL-13, IL-33, and IL-18 influence the response to vaccines in children and are also associated with atopy. These genetic factors may therefore define a genetically-vulnerable sub-population, children with a family history of atopy, who may experience an exaggerated T(H)2 immune response to aluminum-containing vaccines. IL-4, sCD23, and IgE are common factors for both atopy and the immune-stimulating properties of aluminum adjuvants. IL-4 is critical in the production of IgE and total IgE up-regulation. IL-4 has also been reported to induce the production of sCD23 and trigger resting sIgM+, sIgD+ B-cells to switch to sIgE+ B-cells, making them targets for IgE-potentiating factors. Further, the actions of IgE-potentiating factors on sIgE+ B-cells are polyclonal and unrestricted, triggering their differentiation into IgE-forming plasma cells. These actions provide a mechanism for aluminum-adjuvant promotion and enhancement of non-target IgE in a genetically vulnerable sub-population. Identification of these individuals may decrease the risk of adverse events associated with the use of aluminum-containing vaccines.

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov...

Aluminum adjuvants promote oxidative stress and increase inflammasome activity, which has been linked to autism...