Modern surveys and engineering data:
snippets:
During RMS Titanic, Inc.'s fourth expedition to the wreck, they brought with them Paul Matthias, who had built a specialized low-frequency sonar
device with him. This deice would allow him to probe through the mud around the Titanic 's bow and "see" the actual damage done to the liner that
night so long before. His efforts were successful, and the truth can finally be revealed. As Wilding had concluded back in 1912, the iceberg damage
that stretched across 249 feet of the hull was intermittent, not continuous; in fact, only six small deformations caused by popped rivets and burst
seams had sealed the ship's fate. When the iceberg was first spotted and the evasive action was taken, the ship bore down on the berg without turning
for what seemed an eternity. Then, slowly, the helm answered and the bow began to turn to port. Unfortunately, it didn't turn enough - probably by as
little as 5-15 feet - and the very bow smashed into the berg. The impact caused a rupture described as a "trace" in length, which penetrated the
Forepeak. The ship continued on for some time before the berg ruptured the hull again. Then came two quick blows in rapid succession; the second and
third deformations, five feet and four feet long, respectively, penetrated Cargo Hold No. 1. As the hull of the ship began to widen, and she continued
to turn at the same rate, however, the side of the ship was exposed more dangerously. The fourth rupture, at fifteen feet long, damaged Cargo Hold
No. 2. Next, the berg created a 32-foot long rupture - more than twice the length of the previous one - that started in Cargo Hold No. 2 and continued
past the transverse bulkhead into Cargo Hold No. 3. One last time, the hull was forced into contact with the berg. This sixth rupture was the coup de
gras which sealed the Titanic 's fate and the fates of 1,500 people aboard her. This fatal blow tore open the forward coal bunker of Boiler Room No.
6, past the retaining wall and into the Boiler Room itself, all across the entire length of the compartment, through No. 6's aft coal bunker, past the
watertight bulkhead, and ended between 2 and 5 feet inside Boiler Room No. 5's forward coal bunker. This wound was by far the longest of all six,
being some 45 feet in length. None of these ruptures by themselves posed any threat to the Titanic 's safety. Even the first four or even five of them
wouldn't have sunk the ship. But all six were enough. . . The ship, designed to float with her forward two, three, or even four compartments flooded,
had the first five compartments begin to flood uncontrollably, with a sixth compartment compromised. With the seams between the hull plates knocked
apart twenty feet below the surface, the outside water pressure forced the torrent into the hull at the astonishing rate of seven tons per second. By
midnight, over 8,000 tons of water had collected in her forward compartments, beginning to pull the bow lower in the sea.
source:
www.atlanticliners.com...
Undergraduate Engineering Review:
Causes and Effects of the Rapid Sinking of the Titanic
source:
www.writing.eng.vt.edu...
edit on 24-11-2011 by dcmb1409 because: (no reason given)