The Early Years
The initial thought of providing a defence against ballistic missiles started in World War II once the V2 started landing on their targets. In the
context of the US ballistic missile defence effort, its anti-ballistic missile (ABM) effort can be traced back to the late stages of World War II.
These early efforts by the US were focused on anti-aircraft defence rather than anti-missile. However, the concepts and methods required to intercept
an inbound missile are comparable to those required to intercept and aircraft. The only difference is the speed of the target and the manner of
detection. By mastering anti-aircraft defence, it was then a simple matter of extending those skills to intercept re-entry vehicles (RV).
It was in 1944 that the US Army requested General Electric to start Project Thumper which was to later develop the collision intercept method of
intercepting a target and thus achieving its destruction. This project was to study the use of a missile in the anti-aircraft role. Another project
was done by Bell Labs and was initiated by the Army in 1945. This project was called Project Nike. It was from this project that Nike Ajax was
developed and then Nike Hercules. The ultimate Nike project missile was of course the Nike Zeus.
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