Sorry to block up the board but I have a point to prove, please read this carefully and you may begin to appreciate what I am saying. This is an equal
look at all interpretations. I hope it adds to the disscussion and doesn,t continue the slanging match. The following is from
wilko encyclopedia
Major Schools of Interpretation
There are three main schools of thought in how the symbolism, imagery, and contents of the Book of Revelation should be interpreted.
The Biblical prophecy school of thought holds that the contents of Revelation, especially when interpreted in conjunction with the Book of Daniel and
other eschatological sections of the Bible, constitute a prophecy of the end times. This school can be further subdivided into the preterite view,
which sees the book concerned with 1st century events, the futurist view, which applies all the events in the book into the end times; and the
historicist view, which regards the book as spanning history from the first century through the second coming.
The historical-critical approach, which became dominant among critical scholars of religion since the end of the 18th century, attempts to understand
Revelation within the genre of apocalyptic literature, which was popular in both Jewish and Christian tradition since the Babylonian diaspora,
following the pattern of the Book of Daniel. There is further information on these topics in the entries on higher criticism and apocalyptic
literature.
Recently, aesthetic and literary modes of interpretation focus on Revelation as a work of art and imagination, viewing the imagery as symbolic
depictions of timeless truths and the victory of good over evil.
The interpretation facing most denial is that John was an aging preacher, facing his own death and indulging in a hallucinogenic drug called Wormwood.
His outlook facing his own death creates the darkness of his vision. Since this is a very attractive view to those selling on the urgency of
Christianization, it found support for the book's canonization in the otherwise hope-inspiring and uplifting outlook introduced by the central figure
of the New Testament, Jesus.
These schools of thought are not mutually exclusive, and many Christians adopt a combination of these approaches in a manner they find most
meaningful. However, certain tendencies may be observed. The biblical prophecy school of thought is popular today among many American Protestant
fundamentalists (nearly exclusively so) and among evangelicals, who also find value in the other approaches. Members of more mainline and liberal
churches, on the other hand, tend to prefer the historical-critical and aesthetic approaches. Moreover, Catholic and Orthodox churches have delimited
their own specific positions on Revelation.
Interpretative Views of Revelation as Biblical Prophecy
The Preterite View
The view of Preterism holds that the contents of Revelation constitute a prophecy of events that were fulfilled in the 1st century. This view depends
critically on an early date of Revelation, c. 68, since any later date makes the "prophecy" post-date the events prophesied. Even accepting that
date leaves a narrow margin of 1-2 years before the fulfilment occurs.
Preterite interpretations generally identify Jerusalem as "the beast", the persecutor of the Church, "Babylon", the "Mother of Harlots", etc.
They see Armageddon as God's judgment on the Jews, carried out by the Roman army.
The Futurist View
The futurist view assigns all of the prophecy to some future time, shortly before the second coming. Futurist interpretations generally predict a 3
1/2 year period of intense persecution, after (or before) which the "Antichrist" (An incarnation of Satan) proclaims himself the Messiah and sets up
a kingdom in Jerusalem, from which he conducts a campaign to take over the world and stamp out Christianity. Some variants of this interpretation
portray Israeli Jews as collaborators with the Antichrist; Pat Robertson was sharply criticized for actually stating that "The Antichrist is probably
a Jew alive in Israel today."
The futurist view, as such, was first proposed by two Catholic writers, Lacunza and Ribera. Lacunza wrote under the pen name "Ben Ezra", and his
work was banned by the Catholic church. It has grown in popularity in the 19th and 20th centuries, so that today it is probably most readily
recognized. Books about the "rapture" by authors like Hal Lindsey, and the more recent Left Behind novels (by Jerry Jenkins and Tim LaHae) and
movies, have done much to popularize this school of thought.
The Historicist View
The historicist view regards the prophecy as spanning the time from the end of the first century through the second coming of Christ.
Politically, historicist interpretations apply the symbols of Revelation to the gradual division and collapse of the Roman Empire, the emergence of a
divided Europe in the West and a Muslim empire in the East, and the collapse of the Eastern Empire while Europe attempts to re-unite and re-create the
Roman Empire.
Ecclesiastically, historicist interpretations see Revelation as teaching that the Church would expand, despite persecution, until it "conquered" the
whole world--but, in the process, would gradually evolve into an apostate system within which true Christians would be a persecuted minority. The
apostate Church is associated with the symbols of the "Mother of Harlots" and with "Babylon". It is seen as an "Antichrist system" which exists
for much of history, rather than expecting a single "Antichrist" in the last days, as futurist interpretations do.
According to historicist interpretations, the second coming of Christ occurs about the time that a partly-reunited Europe starts to wage war against
Israel. This view is held mainly by conservative Protestant Christians. The exact constitution of this confederacy differs between interpretations: in
some it is mainly composed of Eastern European countries, notably Russia; in others, Western European; some include England, while others suggest that
England and former Commonwealth nations will oppose the confederacy. In all historicist interpretations, Christ defeats this confederacy, rescues
Israel from certain destruction, judges apostate Christianity and vindicates the true believers, and sets up a kingdom on earth.
The earliest Christian writers adopted a historicist viewpoint, though at such an early date the distinction between historicist and futurist views
was less pronounced. Historicist interpretations tend to be millenarian, emphasizing the literal reign of Christ on earth, and as that doctrine
receded in importance, so too did the historicist focus in interpretation. Today, historicist interpretations are favored in the most ardently
millenarian sects.
Some Protestant writers today use this school of interpretation as the foundation for an anti-Catholic polemic, but it should be noted that such is
not an inherent property of historical interpretations. Many Catholic writers in the fourth and fifth centuries applied the notion of future apostasy
to their own church, in various ways. Some argued that an apostasy would arise within the church. Others argued that this had already happened, and
cited one or another sect which arose over some theological dispute. What differs between interpretations is the identity of the apostasy.
Historical-Critical Interpretation
The historical-critical interpretation takes as axiomatic some qualities that would be considered commonplaces in a non-Christian context, first of
all that Revelation is a text, which is embodied and transmitted in manuscripts, which have their own histories. Such texts are subject to changes,
such as miscopying, repetition of lines already entered, excision, interpolation or emendation. Motivations for such changes run the whole gamut of
human motivations, and need also to be assessed in their historical context.
The acceptance of Revelation into the canon is itself the result of a historical process, essentially no different from the career of other texts. The
eventual exclusion of other contemporary apocalyptic literature from the canon may throw light on the unfolding historical processes of what was
officially considered orthodox, what was heterodox, what was even heretical.
The historical-critical interpretation cannot address two aspects of Revelation. It is not prepared to discuss aspects of divine inspiration of the
original text, nor can it assess the book's relevance to the modern world. Interpretation of meanings and imagery are limited to what the historical
author intended and what his contemporary audience inferred. These questions are difficult enough.
Thus, in the historical-critical approach, the symbolism of Revelation is to be understood entirely within its historical literary and social context.
Critics study the conventions of apocalyptic literature and events of the 1st century to make sense of what the author may have intended. Neverthess,
many interpretative questions remain. Is the structure of the book linear, resumptive, or thematic? How does the imagery relate to historical events?
Did the author intend one or multiple meanings in the text?
The beast from the sea
Among many critics, the beast from the sea that had received plenitude of power from the dragon, or Satan, is actually the Roman Empire, or rather,
the Emperor, its supreme representative.
The token of the beast with which its servants are marked is the image of the emperor on the coins of the realm. This seems to be the obvious meaning
of the passage, that all business transactions, all buying and selling were impossible to them that had not the mark of the beast (Rev. 13:17).
Against this interpretation it is objected that the Jews at the time of Jesus had no scruple in handling money on which the image of Caesar was
stamped (Matt. 22:15-22). But it should be borne in mind that the horror of the Jews for the imperial images was principally due to the policy of
Caligula. He confiscated several of their synagogues, changing them into heathen temples by placing his statue in them. He even sought to erect an
image of himself in the Temple in Jerusalem (Josephus, Antiquities, 18.8.2).
Seven heads of the beast
The seven heads of the beast are seven Roman emperors. Five of them are said to be fallen. They are Augustus, Tiberius, Caligula, Claudius, and Nero.
The year of Nero's death is 68. The text goes on to say "One is", namely Vespasian, 70-79. He is the sixth emperor. The seventh "is not yet come.
But when he comes his reign will be short". Titus is meant, who reigned but two years (79-81). The eighth emperor is Domitian (81-96); He is
identified with the beast. He is described as the one that "was and is not and shall come up out of the bottomless pit" (xvii, 8). In verse 11 it is
added: "And the beast which was and is not: the same also is the eighth, and is of the seven, and goeth into destruction".
All this sounds like oracular language. But the clue to its solution is furnished by a popular belief largely spread at the time. The death of Nero
had been witnessed by few. Chiefly in the East a notion had taken hold of the mind of the people that Nero was still alive. Gentiles, Jews, and
Christians were under the illusion that he was hiding himself, and as was commonly thought, he had gone over to the Parthians, the most troublesome
foes of the empire. From there they expected him to return at the head of a mighty army to avenge himself on his enemies. The existence of a belief in
a Nero redivivus is attested by Tacitus and Dio Chrysostom.
Many contemporaries of the author of this book believed Nero to be alive and expected his return. The author either shared their belief or utilized it
for his own purpose. Nero had made a name for himself by his cruelty and licentiousness. The Christians in particular had reason to dread him. Under
him the first persecution took place. The second occurred under Domitian. But unlike the previous one, it was not confined to Italy, but spread
throughout the provinces. Many Christians were put to death, many were banished (Eusebius, Hist. Eccl., III, 17-19). In this way the Book of
Revelation seems to regard Domitian as a second Nero, "Nero redivivus". Hence it describes him as "the one that was, that is not, and that is to
return". Hence also he counts him as the eighth and at the same time makes him one of the preceding seven, viz. the fifth, Nero.
Note that pagan authors called Domitian a second Nero (calvus Nero, Juvenal. IV, 38). The popular belief concerning Nero's death and return seems to
be referred to also in the passage (xiii, 3): "And I saw one of its heads as it were slain to death: and its death's wound was healed".
Ten horns of the beast
The ten horns are commonly explained as the vassal rulers under the supremacy of Rome. They are described as kings (basileis), here to be taken in a
wider sense, that they are not real kings, but received power to rule with the beast. Their power, moreover, is but for one hour, signifying its short
duration and instability (xvii, 17).
Number of the beast
Main article: Number of the Beast (numerology)
The beast is identified by the number 666 in the text (Rev 13:18). This is very likely an instance of gematria, an early form of Jewish mysticism. Its
object is to conceal a name by substituting for it a cipher of equal numerical value to the letters composing it. When the name "Nero Caesar" is
spelled with Hebrew letters as ���� ��� (NRWN QSR -- Hebrew is written without vowels.) Each letter has a corresponding numerical value. N=50, R=200,
W=6 N=50, Q=100, S=60, R=200, resulting in the sum of 666.
Some Greek manuscripts of Revelation have a different number. Here the number is not 666, but 616. If Nero is alternatively spelled as NRW instead of
NRWN you get 616; NRWN minus N(=50).
The beast from the land
The second beast, that from the land, the pseudoprophet whose office was to assist the beast from the sea, probably signifies the work of seduction
carried on by apostate Christians. They endeavoured to make their fellow Christians adopt the heathen practices and submit themselves to the cultus of
the Caesar. They are not unlikely the Nicolaitans of the seven Epistles. For they are there compared to Balaam and Jezebel seducing the Israelites to
idolatry and fornication. The woman in travail is a personification of the synagogue or the church. Her first-born is Jesus, her other seed is the
community of the faithful
Here are some other websites:
www.ccel.org...
www.mystae.com...
www.forerunner.com...
I hope this is enough evidence. Please could you reciprocate.