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After reading Darwin's Origin of Species, Galton built upon Darwin's ideas whereby the mechanisms of natural selection were potentially thwarted by human civilization. He reasoned that, since many human societies sought to protect the underprivileged and weak, those societies were at odds with the natural selection responsible for extinction of the weakest; and only by changing these social policies could society be saved from a "reversion towards mediocrity", a phrase he first coined in statistics and which later changed to the now common "regression towards the mean".[52]
Galton first sketched out his theory in the 1865 article "Hereditary Talent and Character", then elaborated further in his 1869 book Hereditary Genius.[53] He began by studying the way in which human intellectual, moral, and personality traits tended to run in families. Galton's basic argument was "genius" and "talent" were hereditary traits in humans (although neither he nor Darwin yet had a working model of this type of heredity). He concluded since one could use artificial selection to exaggerate traits in other animals, one could expect similar results when applying such models to humans. As he wrote in the introduction to Hereditary Genius:
I propose to show in this book that a man's natural abilities are derived by inheritance, under exactly the same limitations as are the form and physical features of the whole organic world. Consequently, as it is easy, notwithstanding those limitations, to obtain by careful selection a permanent breed of dogs or horses gifted with peculiar powers of running, or of doing anything else, so it would be quite practicable to produce a highly-gifted race of men by judicious marriages during several consecutive generations.[54]
Intelligence and Crime
Once the IQ-crime correlation is measured, the next task is to explain it. Why are IQ and crime negatively correlated? Explanations of the IQ-crime correlation typically take one of three approaches, that: (1) IQ and crime are spuriously, not causally, correlated; (2) low IQ increases criminal behavior; or (3) criminal behavior decreases IQ.
A popular argument against IQ as a cause of crime criticizes IQ tests as only measuring middle-class knowledge and values rather than innate intelligence. As a result, the observation that some minority groups and the poor score low on IQ tests simply reflects their diverse cultural backgrounds. These same groups also commit proportionately more crime because they suffer structural disadvantages such as poverty and discrimination. Consequently, the same people who score low on IQ tests also tend to commit more crime, and so IQ and crime are empirically correlated, thus this correlation is not causal but reflects only culturally biased testing of intelligence.
A variation of this argument holds that the structural disadvantages that increase crime rates also reduce educational opportunities thus lessening individuals' ability and motivation to score well on IQ tests. The IQ-crime correlation occurs only because they are both rooted in structural disadvantage, which, in statistical terms, represents a "spurious" correlation.
Although these discrimination hypotheses have wide appeal, they have received fairly little support in empirical studies, for IQ and crime are significantly correlated within race and class groups as well as when statistically controlling for race, class, test-taking ability, and test-taking motivation (e.g., Hirschi and Hindelang; Lynam et al.).
Fertility and Intelligence
Income
A theory to explain the fertility-intelligence relationship is that while income and IQ are positively correlated,[1] fertility is inversely correlated with income, that is, the higher incomes, the lower the fertility rates and vice versa.[33][34] This well-studied inverse correlation is known as the demographic-economic paradox, which shows an inverse correlation between wealth and fertility within and between nations. The higher the level of education and GDP per capita of a human population, subpopulation or social stratum, the fewer children are born. In a 1974 UN population conference in Bucharest, Karan Singh, a former minister of population in India, illustrated this trend by stating "Development is the best contraceptive".[35]
Education
People often delay childbearing in order to spend more time getting education, and thus have fewer children. Conversely, early childbearing can interfere with education, so those with early or frequent childbearing are likely to be less educated. While education and childbearing place competing demands on a persons resources, education is positively correlated with IQ.
Birth control and intelligence
Among a sample of women using birth control methods of comparable theoretical effectiveness, success rates were related to IQ, with the percentages of high, medium and low IQ women having unwanted births during a three-year interval being 3%, 8% and 11%, respectively.[36] Since the effectiveness of many methods of birth control is directly correlated with proper usage, an alternate interpretation of the data would indicate lower IQ women were less likely to use birth control consistently and correctly. Another study found that after an unwanted pregnancy has occurred, higher IQ couples are more likely to obtain abortions;[37] and unmarried teenage girls who become pregnant are found to be more likely to carry their babies to term if they are doing poorly in school.[38]
Conversely, while desired family size in the United States is apparently the same for women of all IQ levels,[39][dubious – discuss] highly educated women are found to be more likely to say that they desire more children than they have, indicating a "deficit fertility" in the highly intelligent.[40] In her review of reproductive trends in the United States, Van Court argues that "each factor – from initially employing some form of contraception, to successful implementation of the method, to termination of an accidental pregnancy when it occurs – involves selection against intelligence."[41]
Population and Development: Directory of Non-Governmental Organizations in OECD Countries (OECD 1994) provides information on more than 700 NGOs active in the fields of population and development. The profiled organizations are based in member nations of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. The OECD membership includes Australia, the United States, Japan, Canada, and most European nations.
Originally posted by Annee
reply to post by unityemissions
I just wonder if those in denial - - fear they might actually have to give up something.
Or the blame others - - and take no personal responsibility.
Originally posted by star in a jar
If this monkey Bill Gates is preaching about depop why did this critter breed 3 turnips?
Originally posted by unityemissions
Originally posted by Annee
reply to post by unityemissions
I just wonder if those in denial - - fear they might actually have to give up something.
Or the blame others - - and take no personal responsibility.
Annee, you are a bit older, correct? I'm about to hit 30.
I honestly think many who feel this is just evil blablabla, are simply not integrating enough factors.
Originally posted by fourthmeal
God (by whatever name you want to call that, I use "Creator") given rights of life are not something to be taken lightly.
Originally posted by Annee
I just wonder if those in denial - - fear they might actually have to give up something.
Or the blame others - - and take no personal responsibility.
Originally posted by ElectricUniverse
How abouy YOU take personal responsibility.... If you "believe" the world is over populated, and you think it is ok and dandy to FORCE other people to become sterile, how about YOU give up? Just leave society completely and go into a cave so you can pass away faster and "help save mankind"...