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Originally posted by Monger
After his death, and as people who had first-hand contact with him themselves died away, the myth of Christ began. Immaculate conception,
Originally posted by Monger
resurrection, assention to heaven, etc.
Originally posted by Kapyong
So then,
we all agree -
Originally posted by Kapyong
there is no historical evidence for Jesus,
he was a mythical, spiritual being.
Not historical.
Originally posted by Kapyong
Well, I have done so numerous times before,
but here it is again :
Originally posted by Kapyong
"Kummel presents the arguments that make all critical scholars recognize that II Peter is a pseudepigraph (Introduction to the New Testament, pp. 430-4):
www.layhands.com...
64 A.D.:
The apostle Peter writes the book of 1 Peter.
biblica.com...
From the beginning, 1 Peter was recognized as authoritative and as the work of the apostle Peter. The earliest reference to it may be 2Pe 3:1 (see note there), where Peter himself refers to a former letter he had written. 1 Clement (a.d. 95) seems to indicate acquaintance with 1 Peter. Polycarp, a disciple of the apostle John, makes use of 1 Peter in his letter to the Philippians. The author of the Gospel of Truth (140–150) was acquainted with 1 Peter. Eusebius (fourth century) indicated that it was universally received.
- Please see more at www.abu.nb.ca...
According to 2 Pet 1:1, who was the author of 2 Peter?
The author of 2 Peter was "Simon Peter, servant and apostle of Jesus Christ."
It should be noted that Peter refers to himself in 2 Peter by both his name, Simon (or Simeon) and his "nickname," Peter" (Petros) unlike 1 Pet 1:1.
1.1.2. How does what the author says in 2 Pet 1:14 and 1:16-18 confirm that Peter was the author of 2 Peter? (See Matt 17:1; Mark 9:2 = Luke 9:28 and John 21:18-19.)
The author of 2 Peter claims to be a witness of Jesus' transfiguration (1:16-18); according to the synoptic gospels, Peter was one of three disciples who accompanied Jesus (the other two being James and John). The author of 2 Peter also refers to the fact that he is destined to die what seems to be a martyr's death (1:14); in John 21:18-19, Jesus foretells that Peter will be martyred after what appears to be a period of incarceration.
1.1.3. It is often argued that, although there are some commonalties between them, 1 & 2 Peter are so different with respect to vocabulary and style that they could not have been written by the same author.
A. Vocabulary
1. 2 Peter contains fifty-seven hapaxlegomena the largest percentage of any writing in the New Testament. Thirty-two words of the fifty-eight do not occur in the LXX, so that 2 Peter has many non-biblical words. The presence of so many non-biblical hapaxlegomena has been interpreted as meaning that the author of 1 Peter could not also have written 2 Peter, on the assumption that an author would not have used so many hapaxlegomena in one of his letters.
2. 2 Peter has 100 words in common with 1 Peter, but there are 599 words found in one but not the other. The vocabulary of any letter will depend largely on its subject matter, so it should comes as no surprise that two letters with different subject matters have little vocabulary in common. Nevertheless, it is argued that there are words that one would expect to find in 1 Peter that occur in 2 Peter, but are not found, and words that one would expect to find in 2 Peter that occur in 1 Peter, but are not found. Unlike 2 Peter, 1 Peter, never uses words such as entolê ("commandment") (2 Pet 2:21; 3:2), eusebês ("pious") (2 Pet 2:9) and eusebeia ("piety") (2 Pet 1:3, 6, 7; 3:11) theios ("divine") (2 Pet 1:3, 4) or sôtêr ("savior") (2 Pet 1:1, 11; 2:20; 3:2, 18). Likewise, unlike 1 Peter, in 2 Peter one does not find words such as apeitheô ("to disobey") (1 Pet 2:8; 3:1, 20; 4:17), elpis ("hope") (1 Pet 1:3, 21; 3:15), klêronomeô ("to inherit") (1 Pet 3:9) and klêromomia ("inheritance") (1 Pet 1:4) or zaô ("to live") (1 Pet 1:3, 23; 2:4, 5, 24; 4:5, 6). It is especially peculiar that compound words using "good" (agathos) and "evil" (kakos), common in 1 Peter, are entirely absent in 2 Peter (agathopoieô in 1 Pet 2:15, 20; 3:6, 17; agathopoios in 1 Pet 2:14; agathopoiia in 1 Pet 4:19 / kakopoieô in 1 Pet 3:16; kakoô in 1 Pet 3:13; kakopoios in 1 Pet 2:12, 14; 4:15). These data are interpreted to mean that the same author did not write 1 & 2 Peter.
3. Another peculiarity with respect to the vocabularies of 1 & 2 Peter is the fact that 1 Peter has a predilection for compounds using the preposition sun ("with"). Whereas 1 Peter has sumpathês, suneidêsis, suneklektos, sunklêronomos, sunoikein, sunschêmatisthai, sunpresbuteros and suntrchein, 2 Peter has only three such sun-compounds: sunapagein, suneuôchesthai and sunistêmi. This has been interpreted as supporting the view that one and the same author could not have written both letters.
4. There are several examples of synonyms in 2 Peter for words that occur in 1 Peter. Some scholars argue that an author would use the same word to express the same idea in all or most of his letters, so that there should not be so many synonyms in 2 Peter for words in 1 Peter if the same author wrote both letters.
2 Peter 1 Peter
Lawless or unlawful athesmos (2:7; 3:17) athemitos (1Pet 4:3)
To follow exakolouthein (1:16; 2:2, 15) epakolouthein (2:21)
To furnish or provide epichorêgein (1:5, 11) chorêgeô (4:11)
To think or consider hêgeomai (1:13; 2:13; 3:9, 15) logizomai (1 Pet 5:12)
Witness epoptês (1:16) martus (5:1)
Example or model hupodeigma (2:6) hupogrammos (1 Pet 2:21)
Of what kind potapos (3:11) poios (1:11; 2:20)
In addition, 2 Peter has two synonymous phrases: "From the beginning of creation" (ap' archês ktiseôs) (2 Pet (3:4) instead of "from the foundation of the world" (pro katabolês kosmou) (1Pet 1:20) and "the former sins" hai palai hamartiai (2 Pet 1:9) instead of "the previous desires" hai proteron epithumiai (1 Pet 1:14).
5. A significant divergence in theological vocabulary occurs with respect to the Second Coming of Christ. In 2 Peter, the term used for this is parousia ("presence") (1:16; 3:4, 12), but in 1 Peter the preferred word used is apokalupsis ("revelation") (1:7, 13; 4:13). It is argued that an author a would demonstrate consistency of theological terminology from one letter to the next.
B. Style
1. Jerome correctly notices that the two letters attributed to Peter in the New Testament differ significantly with respect to their styles: "He [Peter] wrote two letters, which are called general, the second of which, on account of its difference from the first in style, is considered by many not to be by him" (De vir. ill. 1; see Ep. Hedib. 120 Quaest. 11). In general, the style of 2 Peter is effusive and somewhat grandiose, unlike 1 Peter. It is common to find complicated and repetitive phrases in 2 Peter such as:
2 Pet 1:3-4 "Through the knowledge of him who called us by his own glory and goodness, through which his precious and great promises are given." (dia tês epignôseôs tou kalesantos hêmas idia doxa kai aretê, di hôn ta timia kai megista hêmin epaggelmata dedôrêtai)
2 Pet 2:7 "He rescued righteous Lot distressed by the debauched lifestyle of wicked men." (kai dikaion Lôt kataponoumenon hupo tê tôn athesmôn en aselgeia anastrophês errusato)
2 Pet 2:11 "Angels being greater in might and power" (aggeloi ischui kai dunamei meizones ontes)
2 Pet 2:12 "As brute beasts by nature born to be caught and killed" (hôs aloga zôa gegennêmena phusika eis halôsin kai phthoran)
2 Pet 2:14 "Having eyes filled with adultery and unceasing sins" (ophhalmous echontes mestous moichalidos kai akatapaustous hamartias)
2 Pet 2:18 "They utter haughty and empty words" (huperogka...mataiotêtos phtheggomenoi)
The style of 2 Pet 1:3-11 in fact resembles the style of public inscriptions in the Hellenistic world that detail the virtues and acts of benefactors and saviors.
The differences of vocabulary and style between 1 and 2 Peter are significant, but do not require the conclusion that the same author could not have written both letters.
There are, in fact, verbal parallels between 1 & 2 Peter that suggest a common author for both.
a. 1 & 2 Peter have 100 words in common and, more significantly, there are several words and phrases in 1 & 2 Peter that either occur only in these two letters or are relatively rare elsewhere in the New Testament: "virtue" (aretê) (2 Pet 1:3, 5; 1 Pet 2:9); "manner of life" (anastrophê) (2 Pet 2:7; 3:11; 1 Pet 1:15, 18; 2:12; 3:1, 2, 16); "to live in a certain manner" (anastrephomai) (2 Pet 2:18; 1 Pet 1:17); "without blemish or defect" (aspilos kai amômos [or amômêtos]) (2 Pet 3:14; 1 Pet 1:19 [in reverse order]); "putting off" (apothesis) (2 Pet 1:14; 1 Pet 3:21); "eyewitness" or "to be an eyewitness" (epoptês or epopteuô) (2 Pet 1:16; 1 Pet 2:12; 3:2); "support" (stêrigmos) (2 Pet 3:17) and "unstable" (astêriktos) (1 Pet 2:14; 3:16); "never ceasing from sin" (akatapaustos hamartias) (2 Pet 2:14) and "He has ceased from sin" (pepautai hamartias) (1 Pet 4:1); "indecency" (aselgeia) (2 Pet 2:2, 7, 18; 1 Pet 4:3); "soul" (to designate persons) (psuchê) (2 Pet 2:8, 14; 1 Pet 1:9, 22; 2:11, 25; 3:20; 4:19); use of the metaphor "growth" to describe spiritual progress (auxanein) (1 Pet 2:2; 2 Pet 3:18).
b. Both letters have the same greeting: "Grace and peace be to you abundantly" (charis humin kai eirênê plêthuneiê) (1 Pet 1:2; 2 Pet 1:2).
c. Both letters identify the number of those saved in the ark as eight, even though no such number is provided in Gen 6:18; 7:7, 13; 8:16 (1 Pet 3:20; 2 Pet 2:5).
d. In both letters, "patience" (makrothumia) is said to be the basis for God's postponement of judgment (1 Pet 3:20; 2 Pet 3:9).
Was she also claimed as the son of God who pre-existed before time and who came to earth to do great miracles and attract thousands?
If Jesus was ANYTHING like claimed, then he would have left much evidence.
The problem with this line of thinking is; either you believe and any evidence no matter how small seems like it is concrete; or you don't believe and you could have a guy standing in front of you saying "I am Jesus" and you thinking, "Nope, I don't believe you." The only thing i can add is something I saw on a T-shirt once. It said "I believe in Jesus, but he ain't too sure about me."
Originally posted by saint4God
Originally posted by Kapyong
Well, I have done so numerous times before,
but here it is again :
As I have, but in fairness we should treat each other as "new" in order to be progressive in our discussion.
Originally posted by Kapyong
"Kummel presents the arguments that make all critical scholars recognize that II Peter is a pseudepigraph (Introduction to the New Testament, pp. 430-4):
Originally posted by saint4God
Supposing it wasn't Peter. Does this matter?
Originally posted by eight bits
Here and now, India is full of people with similar resumes. The local term for them is "god men." How many of them can you name? India was also full of these guys in the 20th Century. How many of them can you name?
Originally posted by Kapyong
How can you "progress" if you always start anew ?
Originally posted by Kapyong
This has been going on for YEARS, Saint4God -
Originally posted by Kapyong
* I point out there are no (genuine) eye-witness claims to have met Jesus
* you say "2 Peter is!"
* I say 2 Peter is a forgery
* you say "where's the proof?"
* I post the EVIDENCE.
* you ignore it.
Originally posted by Kapyong
6 YEARS ago you started playing this game :
It's happened many times since then.
Originally posted by Kapyong
You never address the evidence,
Originally posted by Kapyong
after having many YEARS to investigate it
Originally posted by Kapyong
Does it matter ?
DOES IT MATTER?!
That's the WHOLE argument - whether we have a genuine claim to have met Jesus.
Originally posted by Kapyong
This writer LIED he was Peter, he LIED and FORGED this book.
Originally posted by Kapyong
And you REALLY still pretend this is actually an eye-witness claim?
Originally posted by Kapyong
A FORGED LIE?
Originally posted by Kapyong
The alleged Jesus went completely UN-NOTICED, even by CHRISTIANS.
So what?
Originally posted by Kapyong
Gday,
Originally posted by saint4God
Do you have proof that he did not exist? I have documentation by him that says he did. Specifically tell me, who wrote it?
In fact we have a book forged in the 2nd century.
It's actually the MOST SUSPECT book of all the NT - the most obviously forged.
A forged book that claims :
"oh no, we don't follow fantastic fables"
Right when critics were attacking Christians as believing fables and myths and superstition and invented (and when some Christians were still claiming Jesus never came in the flesh at all.)
It's obvious - this person forged this book to respond to claims that Christians believed in fables.
K.
Originally posted by josheboyxiii
Pure speculation. No proof whatsoever.
Originally posted by josheboyxiii
Open your minds and consider the truth: ANYTHING is possible.
Originally posted by eight bits
You claimed that there is less evidence than would be expected if Christians' historical assertions were accurate.
Originally posted by No King but Jesus
reply to post by Kapyong
One night after putting down the Colt and picking up a small green Gideons NT (that an American woman from the Plains had given me a few days earlier) I heard an AUDIBLE voice as if sitting on my left that said-my Name, I am Jesus I died for your sins believe in Me and you will never perish-AWESTRUCK (not being raised "churched" or knowing the scripts) I stood to my feet turned towrds the voice and said yes Lord and years later came across this-
I tell you the truth, a time is coming and has now come when the dead will hear the voice of the Son of God and those who hear will live.-John5.25