The Relationships Between The Nubians & Ancient Egyptians.

Originally posted by IEtherianSoul9
reply to post by lonewolf19792000

 

What evidence is there supporting your claim that Hebrews were enslaved by the ancient Egyptians?

Are there any sources you have?

Watch Simcha Jacobovici's "The Exodus Decoded", it's all right there down to the Stele hiding in the basement of the Cairo Museum that Egyptologists have extremely high restrictions against viewing. Even an archeaologist has a hard time getting access to it.

There are also depictions of hieroglyphs with people with chains about their necks being held by egyptian slave masters and Simcha even discovered the true Mt. Sinai right down to every detail in the bible about it including the tombs of the elders buried on the mount and the rocks that Moses struck water from and created a pool out of ontop of the mountain.

Haaa haaa

wait wait wait... no u didnt..!

*corrections

firstly, that first map you had is propaganda..!!

on the map the "western desert" was called the "Nubian desert"....
modern nubia is where the aswan dam is...on this map, that would be the area inbetween thebes and elephantine.....in fact due to building of the aswan dam nubians were relocated by the egyptian government

upper egypt and lower egypt "borders" met in memphis....here you give the impression that upper egypt is too far south

Originally posted by IEtherianSoul9
Here is a map of Egypt and Sudan for reference:

on this picture you have pushed the nubians into sudan....nubians were split into four after the dam was built
add to that, 200 years of persian rule, 300 of greek, 600yrs of roman, and 1,400 years of arab rule. hence you have the nubians pushed as far south as possible in the last 2,500 yrs.

Nubians were the first pharaoh. menes (narmer/aha) and the last pharaoh taharaq.
the so called "nubians" occupied all the way to memphis...in fact khufu built in giza to show upper egypts strength in the region....

thirdly...how can u put nubians and Kush on the same map.....different eras..in fact they are, most part, the same people...nubt was the name of a part of naqqada, the oldest archeological site in egypt. patron god seth.

MOST IMPORTANTLY...to comment on your heading...."the relationship between egyptians and nubian" you fail to mention that:

EGYPTIANS means GYPSY PEOPLE
NUBIANS means GOLDEN PEOPLE (nub-precious metal)

Robert Bauval makes a very good case for this in his book "Black Genesis". There are many connections between Nubians and Ancient Egyptians to cattle culture and worship, pyramid building as well as precession and astronomical knowledge that predates Ancient Egypt. There are many sites in the Sahara such as Nabta Playa that point this out. It is a very good read and recommend it.

reply to post by thePharaoh


The arrows aren't signifying a division, but just the flow of the Nile River. I realize that Upper Egypt spanned from the Aswan to El-Ayait and Zawyet Dahshur (right below Cairo). Sometimes even, the northern part of Upper Egypt was referred to as Middle Egypt. Upper Egypt should be placed up more on the map, thanks for that. I should have picked a better map to represent the boundaries.

And Gypsies have really nothing to do with Egypt, this was a mistaken belief once held. The etymology of the word Gypsy was thought to be synonymous with Egypt (a Greek word). Really Egypt should be called Kemet or Kmt, because Egypt or Egyptos is a Greek translation of the word. The Romani (or Gypsies) trace their origins back to the subcontinent of India.

One comment - your photo seems to put Montuhotep II in the 12th dynasty. That is not correct - Montuhotep II was not a king of the 12th dynasty. He is from the 11th dynasty. The bodies of several Nubian archers were found at his mortuary temple located at Deir al Bahri, across the Nile from Luxor and right next to the more famous mortuary temple of Hatshepsut from the 18th dynasty. Senenmut, her architect, was inspired by the design of Montuhotep II's mortuary temple when drawing up his plans for the Hatshepsut temple. A sarcophagus of one of Montuhotep II's wives, now in the Cairo Museum, seems to show her as Nubian, including the short hair style that, with a few modifications, shows up as one of the favorite wig styles of the royal family during the Amarna period.

reply to post by bluemirage5


Pretty interesting video. What caught my attention was the reference to the Ethiopians as the first people. To give some credence to that, anthropologists suggest that modern humans evolved from archaic humans primarily in East Africa. It's interesting that Herodotus spoke about autochthonous Ethiopians describing them as "the biggest and most handsome of men", going on to say that it was the "god-favored" Ethiopians, who he believed, to be the originators of the Egyptian civilization.

"They (the Ethiopians) say also that the Egyptians are colonists sent out by the Ethiopians, Osiris ["King of Kings and God of Gods] having been the leader of the colony. Diodorus devoted an entire chapter of his world history, the Bibliotheke Historica, or Library of History (Book 3), to the Ku#es ["Aithiopians"] of Meroe. Here he repeats the story of their great piety, their high favor with the gods, and adds the fascinating legend that they were the first of all men created by the gods and were the founders of Egyptian civilization, invented writing, and given the Egyptians their religion and culture.

www.lulu.com...

reply to post by LibertyLover


I was up late doing this, sorry if I've made any mistakes. But you're right, he does belong to the 11th Dynasty and was an important piece in the reunification of Egypt once again.

reply to post by SLAYER69


Thanks! A lot of your posts have been very thought provoking and have inspired me to create a post myself, although it pales in comparison lol

S&F great collection of material OP.

I was scratching my head a little at first at all the "Ku#e" references, 'what does # stand for?' I was asking myself, till I realised the forum auto-censor was kicking in on the word Kush-ite!

reply to post by IEtherianSoul9




www.youtube.com...

The story that is being presented here is that the Nubians are responsible for the Nile valley civilisation including the building of the pyramids i.e. that the Nubians slowly travelled along the Nile valley and eventually ended up in lower Egypt and decided to build the great pyramid. sorry but completely false.

1 Nekhen is the oldest and first civilisation in the Nile valley. Of all the mummy’s found there not one was Nubian.

2 The Egyptians actually built forts to keep the Nubians out of Egypt and on those forts are inscriptions which warn Nubians about the consequences of not keeping peace with Egypt.

3 Genetic testing on the bones found in the tomb of the pyramid builders has shown that they are the ancestors of modern Egyptians, not Nubians.

4 Ramses II was a fair skinned man as confirmed by testing of his hair, he had pail skin and red hair btw

5 Genetic testing has shown that the number of Nubians in lower Egypt increased only after the downfall of Egypt, proving that they could not have built it i.e. they were the minority not the majority!

Btw the Nubians did not "unite" upper and lower Egypt, they invaded it during the twilight days of Egypt ie when security at the forts failed.

I know that there are a lot of black people, mostly African Americans who are trying their best to convince others and themselves that Egypt was their achievement, my only question would be why haven’t they managed to repeat even a fraction of it in deep Africa or anywhere else for that matter…maybe the white man stopped them

And that is what afrocentrism is really about, getting whitey, if not why do they only target and preach to white people? Surely they should be preaching to the Egyptians instead and tell them how they are stealing black peoples achievements?

Same can be said for the black Hebrew Israelites, they don’t preach to the Jews who say they are the Israelites but instead preach to white people of European origin about how they are the true Israelites.

Originally posted by LUXUS3 Genetic testing on the bones found in the tomb of the pyramid builders has shown that they are the ancestors of modern Egyptians, not Nubians.

4 Ramses II was a fair skinned man as confirmed by testing of his hair, he had pail skin and red hair btw

5 Genetic testing has shown that the number of Nubians in lower Egypt increased only after the downfall of Egypt, proving that they could not have built it i.e. they were the minority not the majority![/QUOTE]

FALSE! This peer reviewed study be actually confirms that Nubians were a better representation of early ancient Egyptians than Late Dynastic Egyptians were, BECAUSE those Late Dynastic Egyptians experienced significant admixture with invading and migrant Mediterranean populations. HENCE the ancient Egyptians originally LACKED biological affinities with Mediterranean populations, but rather had affinities with more southerly Northeast African populations:

"The question of the genetic origins of ancient Egyptians, particularly those during the Dynastic period, is relevant to the current study. Modern interpretations of Egyptian state formation propose an indigenous origin of the Dynastic civilization (Hassan, 1988). Early Egyptologists considered Upper and Lower Egyptians to be genetically distinct populations, and viewed the Dynastic period as characterized by a conquest of Upper Egypt by the Lower Egyptians. More recent interpretations contend that Egyptians from the south actually expanded into the northern regions during the Dynastic state unification (Hassan, 1988; Savage, 2001), and that the Predynastic populations of Upper and Lower Egypt are morphologically distinct from one another, but not sufficiently distinct to consider either non-indigenous (Zakrzewski, 2007). The Predynastic populations studied here, from Naqada and Badari, are both Upper Egyptian samples, while the Dynastic Egyptian sample (Tarkhan) is from Lower Egypt. The Dynastic Nubian sample is from Upper Nubia (Kerma). Previous analyses of cranial variation found the Badari and Early Predynastic Egyptians to be more similar to other African groups than to Mediterranean or European populations (Keita, 1990; Zakrzewski, 2002). In addition, the Badarians have been described as near the centroid of cranial and dental variation among Predynastic and Dynastic populations studied (Irish, 2006; Zakrzewski, 2007). This suggests that, at least through the Early Dynastic period, the inhabitants of the Nile valley were a continuous population of local origin, and no major migration or replacement events occurred during this time.

Studies of cranial morphology also support the use of a Nubian (Kerma) population for a comparison of the Dynastic period, as this group is likely to be more closely genetically related to the early Nile valley inhabitants than would be the Late Dynastic Egyptians, who likely experienced significant mixing with other Mediterranean populations (Zakrzewski, 2002). A craniometric study found the Naqada and Kerma populations to be morphologically similar (Keita, 1990). Given these and other prior studies suggesting continuity (Berry et al., 1967; Berry and Berry, 1972), and the lack of archaeological evidence of major migration or population replacement during the Neolithic transition in the Nile valley, we may cautiously interpret the dental health changes over time as primarily due to ecological, subsistence, and demographic changes experienced throughout the Nile valley region." -- AP Starling, JT Stock. (2007). Dental Indicators of Health and Stress in Early Egyptian and Nubian Agriculturalists: A Difficult Transition and Gradual Recovery. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 134:520–528

And no I'm not through with you yet.

edit on 12-11-2011 by SirShawn because: Quote error

reply to post by LUXUS


You were obviously proven wrong about the biological history of ancient Egypt and it's relationship with ancient Nubia, now here are the cultural affinities between the two civilizations:

"According to common knowledge, it has generally been held that there was a geographical, cultural and political boundary between Egypt and Nubia in the Predynastic/Early Dynastic period, and it was located between Gebel es Silsila and Aswan . Any Egyptian evidence in Nubia was seen as an import or cultural influence, while any Nubian evidence in Upper Egypt was viewed as the sporadic presence of foreign people within Egyptian territory. As a consequence, the cemeteries located from Kubbaniya southwards were assigned to the A-Group culture.

In recent years, new research on the subject shows that the interaction between the two cultures was much more complex than previously thought, affecting the time, space and nature of the interaction. As a result, the Aswan area probably never was a real borderline. As a result, the Aswan area probably never was a real borderline. The two regions, and so their cultural entities, are not antithetical to one another, but in prehistoric times are still the expression of the same cultural tradition, with strong regional variations, particularly in the last part of the 4th millennium BC.

Unique cultural features, unknown elsewhere, have been recorded in the area surrounding the First Cataract, and from there northward up to Hierakonpolis and probably even Armant, and southward down to Dehmit. The data recorded in this area always shows a preponderance of Naqadian elements, while the Nubian component, although consistent, is definitely in the minority, disproving an A-Group affiliation. These features may indicate the presence of a regional variant of the Naqada culture combining, particularly during the first half of the fourth millennium BC, both Egyptian and Nubian traditions."

"In the Predynastic period, the Egyptian and Nubian identities still shared many common traits derived from a common ancestry. The Naqada culture developed from the Badarian culture which, as the Tasian, was related to the Nubian Neolithic tradition (Gatto 2002; 2006c). Thus, the definition of what was Egyptian or Nubian at that time in the First Cataract region (and the southern part of Upper Egypt) is not so obvious: are the local cooking pots (shale-tempered ware), for example, Egyptian or Nubian? --GATTO M.C.(2009). Field season in the Aswan-Kom Ombo region of Egypt." Aswan-Kom Ombo. Archaeological Project. Report to: The Supreme Council of Antiquities, Egypt"

These statements are coming from the Supreme council of Egypt's Antiquities. Oh wait they must also be Afrocentric because they stating authoritatively that the Egyptians and the "black Nubians" were of the same biological and cultural origin. This is further confirmed in the study that was contained in my last post. So yes I guess that makes the original ancient Egyptians black as well, go figure.

As far as African Americans are concerned I've never heard one of us claim to be the descendant of Tiye or any ancient Egyptians. Now I do however see a lot of us assert that they were black. Do you not possess the mental capacity to realize the difference in those two statements? Also I wonder what great civilizations Europeans (especially in the North and West corner) were stirring up during this period in human history, when black Africans were striving.

Behold the Black African origins of ancient Egypt according to leading linguist Christopher Ehret:

[QUOTE][B]Ancient Egyptian as an African Language, Egypt as an African Culture[/B]



Christopher Ehret
Professor of History, African Studies Chair
University of California at Los Angeles



[B]Ancient Egyptian civilization was, in ways and to an extent usually not recognized, fundamentally African. The evidence of both language and culture reveals these African roots[/B].

[B][COLOR="Red"]The origins of Egyptian ethnicity lay in the areas south of Egypt. [/COLOR][/B]The ancient Egyptian language belonged to the Afrasian family (also called Afroasiatic or, formerly, Hamito-Semitic). [B]The speakers of the earliest Afrasian languages, according to recent studies, were a set of peoples whose lands between 15,000 and 13,000 B.C. stretched from Nubia in the west to far northern Somalia in the east.[/B] They supported themselves by gathering wild grains. The first elements of Egyptian culture were laid down two thousand years later, between 12,000 and 10,000 B.C.,[B][COLOR="Red"] when some of these Afrasian communities expanded northward into Egypt, bringing with them a language directly ancestral to ancient Egyptian.[/COLOR][/B] [B]They also introduced to Egypt the idea of using wild grains as food.[/B]

[B]A new religion came with them as well. Its central tenet explains the often localized origins of later Egyptian gods: the earliest Afrasians were, properly speaking, neither monotheistic nor polytheistic.[/B] Instead, each local community, comprising a clan or a group of related clans, had its own distinct deity and centered its religious observances on that deity. [B][COLOR="Red"]This belief system persists today among several Afrasian peoples of far southwest Ethiopia.[/COLOR][/B] And as Biblical scholars have shown, Yahweh, god of the ancient Hebrews, an Afrasian people of the Semitic group, was originally also such a deity. [B][COLOR="Red"]The connection of many of Egypt's predynastic gods to particular localities is surely a modified version of this early Afrasian belief.[/COLOR][/B] Political unification in the late fourth millennium brought the Egyptian deities together in a new polytheistic system. [B]But their local origins remain amply apparent in the records that have come down to us.[/B]

[B]During the long era between about 10,000 and 6000 B.C., new kinds of southern influences diffused into Egypt. During these millennia, the Sahara had a wetter climate than it has today[/B], with grassland or steppes in many areas that are now almost absolute desert. New wild animals, most notably the cow, spread widely in the eastern Sahara in this period.

[B]One of the exciting archeological events of the past twenty years was the discovery that the peoples of the steppes and grasslands to the immediate south of Egypt domesticated these cattle, as early as 9000 to 8000 B.C. [COLOR="Red"]The societies involved in this momentous development included Afrasians and neighboring peoples whose languages belonged to a second major African language family, Nilo-Saharan[/COLOR][/B] (Wendorf, Schild, Close 1984; Wendorf, et al. 1982). [B]The earliest domestic cattle came to Egypt apparently from these southern neighbors, probably before 6000 B.C., [COLOR="Red"]not, as we used to think, from the Middle East.[/COLOR][/B]

[B]One major technological advance, pottery-making, was also initiated as early as 9000 B.C. by the Nilo-Saharans and Afrasians who lived to the south of Egypt.[/B] Soon thereafter, pots spread to Egyptian sites, [B][COLOR="Red"]almost 2,000 years before the first pottery was made in the Middle East[/COLOR][/B].

[B]Very late in the same span of time, the cultivating of crops began in Egypt. Since most of Egypt belonged then to the Mediterranean climatic zone, many of the new food plants came from areas of similar climate in the Middle East.[/B] Two domestic animals of Middle Eastern origin, the sheep and the goat, also entered northeastern Africa from the north during this era.

[B]But several notable early Egyptian crops came from Sudanic agriculture, independently invented between 7500 and 6000 B.C. by the Nilo-Saharan people[/B]s (Ehret 1993:104-125). One such cultivated crop was the edible gourd. T[B]he botanical evidence is confirmed in this case by linguistics: Egyptian bdt, or "bed of gourds" (Late Egyptian bdt, "gourd; cucumber"), is a borrowing of the Nilo-Saharan word *bud, "edible gourd." Other early Egyptian crops of Sudanic origin included watermelons and castor beans.[/B] (To learn more on how historians use linguistic evidence, see note at end of this article.)

[B]Between about 5000 and 3000 B.C. a new era of southern cultural influences took shape.[/B] Increasing aridity pushed more of the human population of the eastern Sahara into areas with good access to the water

Contiued


of the Nile, and along the Nile the bottomlands were for the first time cleared and farmed. The Egyptian stretches of the river came to form the northern edge of a newly emergent Middle Nile Culture Area, which extended far south up the river, well into the middle of modern-day Sudan. Peoples speaking languages of the Eastern Sahelian branch of the Nilo-Saharan family inhabited the heartland of this region.

From the Middle Nile, Egypt gained new items of livelihood between 5000 and 3000 B.C. One of these was a kind of cattle pen: its Egyptian name, s3 (earlier *sr), can be derived from the Eastern Sahelian term *sar. Egyptian pg3, "bowl," (presumably from earlier pgr), [B]a borrowing of Nilo-Saharan *poKur, "wooden bowl or trough," reveals still another adoption in material culture that most probably belongs to this era.

One key feature of classical Egyptian political culture, usually assumed to have begun in Egypt, also shows strong links to the southern influences of this period. We refer here to a particular kind of sacral chiefship that entailed, in its earliest versions, the sending of servants into the afterlife along with the deceased chief. The deep roots and wide occurrence of this custom among peoples who spoke Eastern Sahelian languages strongly imply that sacral chiefship began not as a specifically Egyptian invention, but instead as a widely shared development of the Middle Nile Culture Area.

After about 3500 B.C., however, Egypt would have started to take on a new role vis-a-vis the Middle Nile region, simply because of its greater concentration of population. Growing pressures on land and resources soon enhanced and transformed the political powers of sacral chiefs. Unification followed, and the local deities of predynastic times became gods in a new polytheism, while sacral chiefs gave way to a divine king. At the same time, Egypt passed from the wings to center stage in the unfolding human drama of northeastern Africa.


A Note on the Use of Linguistic Evidence for History

Languages provide a powerful set of tools for probing the cultural history of the peoples who spoke them. Determining the relationships between particular languages, such as the languages of the Afrasian or the Nilo-Saharan family, gives us an outline history of the societies that spoke those languages in the past. And because each word in a language has its own individual history, the vocabulary of every language forms a huge archive of documents. If we can trace a particular word back to the common ancestor language of a language family, then we know that the item of culture connoted by the word was known to the people who spoke the ancestral tongue. If the word underwent a meaning change between then and now, a corresponding change must have taken place in the cultural idea or practice referred to by the word. In contrast, if a word was borrowed from another language, it attests to a thing or development that passed from the one culture to the other. The English borrowing, for example, of castle, duke, parliament, and many other political and legal terms from Old Norman French are evidence of a Norman period of rule in England, a fact confirmed by documents.


References Cited:

Ehret, Christopher, Nilo-Saharans and the Saharo-Sahelian Neolithic. In African Archaeology: Food, Metals and Towns. T. Shaw, P Sinclair, B. Andah, and A. Okpoko, eds. pp. 104-125. London: Routledge. 1993

Ehret, Christopher, Reconstructing Proto-Afroasiatic (Proto-Afrasian): Vowels, Tone Consonants, and Vocabulary. Los Angeles: University of California Press, Berkeley. 1995

Wendorf, F., et al., Saharan Exploitation of Plants 8000 Years B.P. Nature 359:721-724. 1982


Wendorf, F., R. Schild, and A. Close, eds. Cattle-Keepers of the Eastern Sahara. Dallas: Southern Methodist University, Department of Anthropology. 1984

Originally posted by LUXUS
The story that is being presented here is that the Nubians are responsible for the Nile valley civilisation including the building of the pyramids i.e. that the Nubians slowly travelled along the Nile valley and eventually ended up in lower Egypt and decided to build the great pyramid. sorry but completely false.

1 Nekhen is the oldest and first civilisation in the Nile valley. Of all the mummy’s found there not one was Nubian.

if you look at the narmer pallette, you will see that narmer is stamping on an asiatic/arab person.

dont forget nubians are a massive body that spans 5 countries and has many tribes...its the light skinned kenuzis that are the closest blood line of the pharaohs..all the first rulers buried in abydos are kenuzi nubians....modern kenuz(gold) nubians and NEKHEN is nubian land.

2 The Egyptians actually built forts to keep the Nubians out of Egypt and on those forts are inscriptions which warn Nubians about the consequences of not keeping peace with Egypt.

the word "nubian didnt exist then....so how could they be building forts there...
the land of punt...is where they had conflict...
secondly..most importantly...LOWER EGYPTIAN PHARAOHS were elitest upper egyptians.
who used the sanctuary of lower egypt to distance themselves from the rule of karnak and thebes

LOOK AT the 25th dynasty forts in TANIS...ku#e kings, built a large fort in north to keep asiatics out

THEY WERE BOTH NUBIANS...LOWER WAS PATRICHAL, WHERE MOTHERS CAME FROM ABROAD

3 Genetic testing on the bones found in the tomb of the pyramid builders has shown that they are the ancestors of modern Egyptians, not Nubians.

not true...not tested on kenuzi nubians, tested on sudanese nubians,
also dna says your 95% monkey...so go eat a banana

4 Ramses II was a fair skinned man as confirmed by testing of his hair, he had pail skin and red hair btw

he was 99 when he died.....he had white hair...and it was treated with henna...add to that 3.500 yrs...then u`ll have a dark orange glint

and its IMPOSSIBLE that he was foreign...his dad was SETI1...'set' proves that he was from upper egypt, and was blacker then midnight....ramsees 2nd..also married nefartari..a nubian...and there children took the official posts

5 Genetic testing has shown that the number of Nubians in lower Egypt increased only after the downfall of Egypt, proving that they could not have built it i.e. they were the minority not the majority!

NOT TRUE.
they were the majority untill the persians, greeks and romans in turn plundered the country and supressed the nubians

the nile valley up to the delta was "nubian"....khemet....the delta had mediteraneans/ libyans/ asiatics etc

khufu built where the valley met the delta....ADD TO THAT THE ASWAN GRANITE used in the pyramid...

learn your history.....

Btw the

Nubians did not "unite" upper and lower Egypt, they invaded it during the twilight days of Egypt ie when security at the forts failed.

hahahahahahaaaaaaaaaa

scorpion...iry-hor, narmer, aha are ALL from nekhen.... MODERN NUBIA.....M.O.D.E.R.N....TODAY, NUBIANS OCCUPY THAT LAND

I know that there are a lot of black people, mostly African Americans who are trying their best to convince others and themselves that Egypt was their achievement, my only question would be why haven’t they managed to repeat even a fraction of it in deep Africa or anywhere else for that matter…maybe the white man stopped them

And that is what afrocentrism is really about, getting whitey, if not why do they only target and preach to white people? Surely they should be preaching to the Egyptians instead and tell them how they are stealing black peoples achievements?

Same can be said for the black Hebrew Israelites, they don’t preach to the Jews who say they are the Israelites but instead preach to white people of European origin about how they are the true Israelites.

ok im not an african american...i am a kenuzi nubian from Egypt....
im not afrocentric..im a realist....my parents parents were taught this history long before you became fascinated by it and tried to claim it....but the pharaohs are still here

your propaganda humours me

peace

Originally posted by SirShawn
reply to post by LUXUS

 

These statements are coming from the Supreme council of Egypt's Antiquities. Oh wait they must also be Afrocentric because they stating authoritatively that the Egyptians and the "black Nubians" were of the same biological and cultural origin. This is further confirmed in the study that was contained in my last post. So yes I guess that makes the original ancient Egyptians black as well, go figure.

Yeah here is a statment from the Egyptian Supreme Council of Antiquities!

"Tutankhamen was not black, and the portrayal of ancient Egyptian civilization as black has no element of truth to it”

Secretary General of the Egyptian Supreme Council of Antiquities, Dr. Zahi Hawass

herecairo.blogspot.com...

reply to post by thePharaoh

"After having achieved this immense work, an important scientific conclusion remains to be drawn: the anthropological study and the microscopic analysis of hair, carried out by four laboratories: Judiciary Medecine (Professor Ceccaldi), Société L'Oréal, Atomic Energy Commission, and Institut Textile de France showed that Ramses II was a 'leucoderm', that is a fair-skinned man"

www.egyptorigins.org...

Definition of LEUCODERM : a person with a white or light skin : a person belonging to a light-skinned race Origin of LEUCODERM leuc- + -derm (fr. Gk derma skin)

Definition of LEUCODERM : a person with a white or light skin : a person belonging to a light-skinned race Origin of LEUCODERM leuc- + -derm (fr. Gk derma skin)

From the studies done, supposedly they claim that he a person with white skin. Then that must mean roughly half of the Nubians have white skin too. Or wait, Ramses II is just painted that color for symbolic reasons, he couldn't possibly be of the same skin color as half the Nubians, from what you're telling me.

And what does the skin color of one king have to do with the whole general population of ancient Egypt spanning the 3,000 years it existed?

"Tutankhamen was not black, and the portrayal of ancient Egyptian civilization as black has no element of truth to it”

What is 'black'. Please DEFINE what black characteristics are. I'd love to read your answer to this. Africa has the most diversity of any continent, biologically speaking.

I'm an African American myself, yet I don't believe in ANY ethnocentric view points. And neither do I claim to be related to any ancient Egyptians or try to claim their prestigious past as my own. Much of the history of ancient Egypt has been white washed by many.