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Because the AIDS diagnosis is considered a death sentence, many do not seek treatment. Almost all who do are turned away. A doctor in rural South Africa describes his frustration. He says, "We have no medicines. Many hospitals tell people, you've got AIDS, we can't help you. Go home and die." In an age of miraculous medicines, no person should have to hear those words. (Applause.)
AIDS can be prevented. Anti-retroviral drugs can extend life for many years. And the cost of those drugs has dropped from $12,000 a year to under $300 a year -- which places a tremendous possibility within our grasp. Ladies and gentlemen, seldom has history offered a greater opportunity to do so much for so many.
[...]
I ask the Congress to commit $15 billion over the next five years, including nearly $10 billion in new money, to turn the tide against AIDS in the most afflicted nations of Africa and the Caribbean. (Applause.)
This nation can lead the world in sparing innocent people from a plague of nature. And this nation is leading the world in confronting and defeating the man-made evil of international terrorism.
www.whitehouse.gov...
Some behavior patterns in Africa may also be affecting the epidemic. In explaining the fact that young women are infected at a higher rate
than young men, Peter Piot, the Executive Director UNAIDS, has commented that �the unavoidable conclusion is that girls are getting
infected not by boys but by older men,� who are more likely than young men to carry the disease. (UNAIDS press release, September 14, 1999.)
UNAIDS notes that ��with the downward trend of many African economies ... relationships with (older) men can serve as vital opportunities for financial and social security, or for satisfying
material aspirations.� (AIDS Epidemic Update,2002). Many believe that the infection rate among women generally would be far lower if
women�s rights were more widely respected in Africa and if women exercised more power in political and economic affairs. (For more on
these issues, see Helen Epstein, �AIDS: the Lesson of Uganda,� New York Review of Books, July 5, 2001; and �The Hidden Cause of AIDS,� New York Review of Books, May 9, 2002.)The breakdown in social order and social norms caused by armed conflict is also contributing to the African epidemic.
Conflict is typically accompanied by numerous incidents of violence against women, including rape, carried out by soldiers and guerrillas. Such men are also more likely to resort to commercial sex workers than those living in a settled environment.
Many observers believe that the spread of AIDS in Africa could have been slowed if African leaders had been more engaged and outspoken in earlier stages of the epidemic. President Thabo Mbeki of South Africa has come in for particular criticism on this score.
In April 2000, President Mbeki wrote then President Clinton and other heads of state defending dissident scientists who maintain that AIDS is not caused by the HIV virus. In March 2001, Mbeki rejected appeals that the national assembly declare the AIDS pandemic a national emergency, and in September of that year, the South African government attempted to delay publication of a South African Medical Research Council report, which found AIDS to be the leading cause of death, accounting for 40% of mortality among South Africans aged 15 to 49. The Council predicted that South Africa�s death toll from AIDS would reach a cumulative total of between 5 and 7 million by 2010, when 780,000 people would be dying annually from the disease. Life expectancy would fall from 54 years at present to 41 by the end of the decade, according to the Council.
fpc.state.gov...
He pointed out that the United States will this year spend $2.4 billion, nearly twice as much to fight AIDS as the rest of the world's donor governments combined.
With such massive spending, there's no need to contribute additional money to the U.N.-sponsored Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, he said. The $200 million that President Bush already plans to contribute next year is sufficient, he said in an interview later with The Associated Press and Reuters news agency.
abcnews.go.com...
"So many years after independence, African leaders still expect the world . . . to clean their mess � the Darfur crisis is a case in point."
As British author Robert Guest points out in his new book The Shackled Continent, African leaders have shown a willingness to flout the law for their own gain largely because they are unrestrained by institutional checks and balances.
The social and economic cost of such indulgences becomes all the greater when you consider that the AIDS pandemic is devastating the new, younger generation of Africans from which future leaders will be drawn. An astonishing 30 million people living south of the Sahara now have AIDS or HIV. One African adult in 11 has HIV and last year 2.2 million Africans died of the disease.
Average life expectancy in sub-Saharan Africa has slumped to 46.3 years but is much lower in AIDS-ravaged nations such as Zambia where the average newborn can expect to live only 32.7 years.
Although some countries, such an Uganda, have managed to reduce infection rates due to education programs and condom distribution, others � including relatively affluent South Africa � have lived in denial.
South Africa has the highest number of HIV cases in the world, yet until recently President Thabo Mbeki insisted HIV did not cause AIDS.
www.theaustralian.news.com.au...
Given this worldwide threat, why can't scientists produce a magic-bullet vaccine? Smallpox, polio, measles and yellow fever are largely eradicated, thanks to drugs that prevent infection. Why haven't medical research, political pressure and government support produced a preventive for AIDS?
There is no simple answer. But asking the question has provoked a debate in the AIDS world about how best to spend scarce dollars and resources on a runaway epidemic.
To scientists, AIDS is the virus from hell. It constantly mutates, slipping away from a basic blueprint needed by vaccine designers. Researchers have tried numerous approaches, first tapping antibodies that make up other vaccines and then trying to rev up the body's cellular system.
There are 22 candidate vaccines now in human trials, but none promises a huge breakthrough. One recent drug trial in Kenya is typical: After six years of work, a promising vaccine was effective in only 20 percent of the cases. Unless the numbers improve in further tests, its backers may dump the trial.
www.sfgate.com.../chronicle/archive/2004/09/13/EDGIJ7P1JI1.DTL
HIV exists as two strains�HIV-1, which dominates the epidemic, and HIV-2, which is largely confined to West Africa. So far, at least ten different patterns of HIV-1 infection have been identified. These patterns reflect particular geographic and genetic profiles of viral spread. For example, HIV-1 subtype B (there are nine genetic subtypes) is the common form of the virus in North America and Western Europe. India, by contrast, is under threat from HIV-1 subtype C. In Africa, where some two thirds of those with HIV now live (about 25 million people) and where there were three million new infections in 2003 alone, the situation is more diverse. Southern and eastern regions of the continent face a predominantly HIV-1 subtype C epidemic. Central Africa sees a highly mixed picture�HIV-1 subtypes A, D, F, G, H, J, and K. The implications of these differences for vaccine development remain uncertain. The best guess is that the genetic complexity of HIV will influence the effectiveness of any tested vaccine.
There are also over a dozen virus variants, called circulating recombinant forms, whose genomes have a structure that lies in between those of known subtypes. They also contribute to the difficulty of creating a one-size-fits-all vaccine. At present, scientists do not know if each subtype and every variant will need its own specific vaccine. It may well be that they will.
Worse still, a given subtype of the virus does not stay the same. HIV is continually evolving. The ingenuity of the virus in adapting to prevailing pressures in its environment�such as the existence of a vaccine that triggers an attempt by the human body to eradicate it�is owing to an enzyme called reverse transcriptase. This enzyme is essential for viral replication but it makes mistakes as it goes about its work. These mistakes, together with an extremely high rate of virus production, help HIV to produce an enormous family of genetically varied offspring.
www.nybooks.com...
A US biotechnology company has been giving details of a vaccine against Aids, which it hopes could be available by 2005, to delegates attending the International Aids Conference in Barcelona.
I think we will get protection [from the virus], but I don't know what level we'll get
The head of VaxGen, Donald Francis, said the vaccine worked on chimpanzees and he was optimistic about the results of trials on humans, due to be published next year.
news.bbc.co.uk...
Originally posted by AmethystWolf
This is just so wrong. And, we can spend more than 87 billion dollars invading iraq, but we can't find a cure for aids?
Makes me sick.
You guys have to remember, these people don't know any different.
I would personaly shot every one of them
Originally posted by Disaster_Boy
I think it is very disgraceful, and I agree that they don't know any better but there is no human, I don't care where you from that would not udnerstand that in many ways babies, and young children are sacred beings. You don't harm children in any way shape or form, and nmo matter where you come from you shoudl knwo that.
I was in SA in 2000 and the AIDS rate was at 50%. Quite staggering. Would have only gone up since then i am sure.
Originally posted by Disaster_Boy
there is no human, I don't care where you from that would not understand that in many ways babies, and young children are sacred beings.
You don't harm children in any way shape or form, and no matter where you come from you should know that.