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mblahnikluver
***For those arguing they didn't have permission or a permit, yes they did. Go to about 10:30 mins into the first video and Bauval shows the permit these two had to enter the pyramid.edit on 3/2/2014 by mblahnikluver because: add last part about permit.
mstower
mblahnikluver
***For those arguing they didn't have permission or a permit, yes they did. Go to about 10:30 mins into the first video and Bauval shows the permit these two had to enter the pyramid.edit on 3/2/2014 by mblahnikluver because: add last part about permit.
Did they have permission to attack the inscriptions with a chisel?
If not, I fail to see the relevance of the point.
M.
It seems that the curse of the Pharaohs has arrived at the ancient Egyptian monuments. The Great Pyramid of the Fourth Dynasty of King Khufu was not the only monument subjected to damage by two amateur German archaeologists from Dresden University, who stole samples of a cartouche of Khufu from a small room on top of the king’s burial chamber and smuggled them to Germany for analysis.
Archaeological inspection carried out by the Ministry of State for Antiquities (MSA) uncovered three other archaeological sites subjected to damage and looting [by the same two men]. These sites, said Mohamed Abdel-Maksoud, head of the Ancient Egyptian Section, are a birds’ necropolis at the Giza Plateau, the restoration laboratory of the Grand Egyptian Museum (GEM) overlooking the Giza Plateau, and the MSA’s 15 May quarry.
Abdel-Maksoud said one of the German amateur archaeologists had succeeded in entering the rest-house of Cairo University at the plateau and copied the archaeological archive of the discoveries of the renowned archaeologist Selim Hassan.
Abdel-Maksoud said the incident happened during the second half of 2011 because of a lack of security following the January 2011 Revolution.
According to documents that Al-Ahram Weekly obtained a copy of, both amateur archaeologists entered the archaeological sites twice — one as part a group of German tourists on a private visit and the second time among a group of researchers producing a documentary on Ancient Egyptian monuments.
Both groups presented official requests to the MSA and received the approval of the secretary-general of the Supreme Council of Antiquities after paying the LE5,000 fee.
But how they got into the five small rooms on top of the king’s burial chamber and the GEM laboratory and the quarry, even though these sites are off the beaten tourist path and prohibited from entry except for specialists, is unclear. Investigations are currently being conducted.
Until answers come up, the MSA has imposed penalties and taken legal action against both archaeologists, Dominique Goerlitz and author Stefan Erdmann, as well as against Dresden University. It has also suspended scientific cooperation with the university as well as with the German laboratory that analysed the stolen items from Khufu’s Pyramid.
Minister of State for Antiquities Mohamed Ibrahim announced that the ministry imposed a number of penalties against the Germans, their university and the tourism agency that had taken them on a tour around the plateau. The case was also sent to the prosecutor-general for investigation. Interpol has been notified to put the German archaeologists on Egypt’s airport watch list.
Ibrahim also decided to ban private visits to any archaeological sites in Egypt unless it has the approval of the MSA’s Permanent Committee and concerned authorities.
Abdel-Maksoud asserted that the results announced by the Germans are false and not scientifically correct. The results of both Germans cast doubt on the construction date of the Great Pyramid and consequently the Pharaoh for which it was built. It suggests that the pyramid was built in an era preceding Khufu’s reign and the pyramid itself is not the burial place for a king but a centre of power.
He explained that a number of scientific researches from the past two centuries show that the Great Pyramid belongs to King Khufu, and that it was built during his reign to be used as his royal burial place for eternity. The cartouche that the German archaeologists sampled was written in red by the Great Pyramid builders in the 17th year of Khufu’s reign as was the custom at that time. Workers used to write on the walls of the structures they built in order to assert their belonging to an individual or king. Such cartouches were found in the entrance of Khufu’s solar boat pit.
Abdel-Maksoud pointed out the discovery of the tomb of Khufu’s mother, Queen Hetep Heres, to the east of the Great Pyramid by archaeologist George Raisner as another reason confirming that the Great Pyramid belonged to Khufu. According to the ancient Egyptian religious rituals the pyramid cannot be built alone because it is not a sole object but an inter-connected structural complex including the pyramid itself, the funerary temple, the side pyramid, solar boat pits, the ramp and the valley temple.
Greek historian Herodotus, who visited Egypt during the fifth century BC, wrote in his diary that the ramp of King Khufu’s Pyramid took 20 years of construction and its walls were painted with scenes from Khufu’s era. The original blocks, many of which bore the king’s name, were reused in the construction of the Pyramids during the Middle Kingdom in the Lesht and Dahshur areas. Abdel-Maksoud asserted that scientific evidence shows that the pyramid builders’ necropolis was found at the eastern rock of the Giza Plateau in 1990, and that each tomb contains details of its owner and his job description, as well as his or her skeleton and funerary collection.
“The most important archaeological evidence that Khufu is the king that built the Great Pyramid is the discovery made in 2012 by French archaeologist Pierre Tallet in a rock cave at Wadi Al-Jarf, two kilometres south of Zaafarana, on the Red Sea,” Abdel-Maksoud concluded. He added that Tallet found a collection of papyri dating to the reign of King Khufu mentioning the number of workers, artisans and boats that were used to transport the Pyramid’s blocks to the Giza Plateau. According to studies carried out by the French mission, these papyri were part of the diary of an engineer who was involved in the construction of the Great Pyramid. The papyri also show the engineer’s working plan and a description of the way the ancient Egyptians transported the blocks. Abdel-Maksoud added that German archaeologist Rudolf Cooper also uncovered graffiti in the Western Desert at the Dakhla oasis revealing that Khufu and his son Djedef Re sent missions to import colours and oxides for decorating the Pyramid’s inner walls.
mstower
mblahnikluver
***For those arguing they didn't have permission or a permit, yes they did. Go to about 10:30 mins into the first video and Bauval shows the permit these two had to enter the pyramid.edit on 3/2/2014 by mblahnikluver because: add last part about permit.
Did they have permission to attack the inscriptions with a chisel?
If not, I fail to see the relevance of the point.
M.
SKUNK2
reply to post by mblahnikluver
How come all scientists and historians ignore the fact that the insides of the great pyramid are made from perfectly cut granite blocks?
SKUNK2Yet the same people would have you believe the builders of the pyramids used copper hand tools to cut and shape the stones....*facepalm*
They didn't vandalize anything! They took a few milliliters of paint, that is far from vandalism. They had permission to be in the Pyramid as well.
They were not the first to access the chambers either, many others who had been granted private visits also ventured into the chambers.
Harte
First, the Egyptians were making bronze for hundreds of years (3100 BC) before pyramids were being built.
Second, granite was quarried and shaped with diorite pounding stones, and smoothed with sand and rubbing stones. This is not a theory, as the AE's left artwork depicting the process and left hundreds of diorite pounders in their quarries, along with partially pounded-out granite blocks.
The more pertinant question is not "How come all scientists and historians ignore the fact ..." but how come people who pretend to have an interest in Ancient Egypt refuse to even attempt to discover what is actually known about the Ancient Egyptian culture?
Harte
micpsi
Harte
First, the Egyptians were making bronze for hundreds of years (3100 BC) before pyramids were being built.
Second, granite was quarried and shaped with diorite pounding stones, and smoothed with sand and rubbing stones. This is not a theory, as the AE's left artwork depicting the process and left hundreds of diorite pounders in their quarries, along with partially pounded-out granite blocks.
The more pertinant question is not "How come all scientists and historians ignore the fact ..." but how come people who pretend to have an interest in Ancient Egypt refuse to even attempt to discover what is actually known about the Ancient Egyptian culture?
Harte
They have not refused to attempt to learn what is actually known. What you cannot seem to grasp is that these people are as familiar with the facts as mainstream Egyptologists. But they have rejected the explanations of Egyptologists about how the Great Pyramid was constructed as ludicrous and unbelievable.
micpsi
Your attempt to paint them as ignorant just does not wash. It's a vacuous ad hominem made to create the illusion of intellectual superiority. Believing that ancient Egyptian artwork depicting their construction methods proves that they built the Great Pyramid simply begs the question. Maybe it was already there and the ancient Egyptians added artwork to make posterity believe that they were its builders by adding this artwork.
micpsi
Such sloppy thinking by mainstream Egyptologists can only be cleared up by scientific tests such as carbon dating. They had plenty of opportunity to do this but never did. Why? Because they were scared stiff that their assumptions would be proved false and their academic reputations discredited.
micpsi
In a recent interview on the Just Enery Radio Show (justenergyradio.com...), Robert Bauval says that he found photographic evidence proving that Dr Hawass KNEW the Khufu Pyramid cartouche was already damaged years before he recently falsely accused Bauval. This is consistent with Hawass knowing the results of a carbon dating of a sample taken from the cartouche but not being able to announce it because it showed the cartouche was not old but faked in 1837 by Colonel Howard Vyse, who needed more funding for his research, thereby eliminating the only evidence that the pyramid was built by Khufu.
Harte: Glyphs in the relieving chambers are proof that Egyptians were in them before they were completed. Each chamber had to be blown open with black powder before it could be accessed and some of the glyphs found inside were unknown at the time but were later confirmed at other archaeological sites in Egypt.
Harte: Anyone that reads much at ATS should already know - and have read several times over - the results of the two, seperate C14 assays of all the sites at Giza. In the cases of the pyramids, two different teams a decade or so apart sampled the carbon particles leftover in the mortar between the stones. Carbon left behind from wood burned in the process of making the mortar.
”Hawass remains categorical in his rejection of the [C14 dating] technique: "Not even in five thousand years could carbon dating help archaeology... carbon dating is useless. This science will never develop. In archaeology, we consider carbon dating results imaginary." - Dr Zahi Hawass, Egypt Independent.
Harte: The claim that Vyse forged anything at all has no basis. For example, how could Vyse "forge" a glyph that the entire field of Egyptology was unaware of and had never seen before?
BM: You keep referring to Howard-Vyse as a "proven fraudster," yet outside the circular logic of Zecharia Sitchin there is no "proof" of his being a fraudster. Sitchin is the sole source of the claim that Vyse 'forged' or faked the workmen graffiti.
Throwing around arguments like "we know he faked these because he's a proven fraudster," is bunk. (i.e.; "He faked the inscription because he's a proven fraudster" vis-a-vis "he's a proven fraudster because he faked the inscription...")
BM: It also fails to address the fact that Vyse would not only have to be a fraudster but a clairvoyant fraudster to fake an inscription in a hieratic script unknown in his time.
BM: A lot of people want the pyramids to be much older than they are. Thus, we get all this pseudobunkum attacking the science and proofs of their age.
Scott Creighton
If I might interject here with a few pertinent points. Hope you don’t mind.
Harte: Glyphs in the relieving chambers are proof that Egyptians were in them before they were completed. Each chamber had to be blown open with black powder before it could be accessed and some of the glyphs found inside were unknown at the time but were later confirmed at other archaeological sites in Egypt.
SC: Whilst it may be suggestive, it is far from conclusive. These markings could have been faked by Howard-Vyse—a proven fraudster—when he blasted his way into these hidden chambers in 1837. There is even an eye-witness account of his team painting marks inside the Great Pyramid. And yes—even those markings that are found in the tight gaps between granite blocks where no forger could possibly take a brush could also have been faked and quite easily so. A little lateral thinking goes a long way and makes for a truly convincing result.
Scott CreightonWhat I find curious also in this regard are the markings in the small cavity found at the end of the southern shaft of the so-called Queen's Chamber. Why is it that we can so easily and readily read the inscriptions in the upper 'Relieving Chambers' that Howard-Vyse accessed but have problems reading the few inscriptions in the small cavity at the end of this shaft that have been accessed only by a tiny robot since they were first sealed.
Scott Creighton
Harte: Anyone that reads much at ATS should already know - and have read several times over - the results of the two, seperate C14 assays of all the sites at Giza. In the cases of the pyramids, two different teams a decade or so apart sampled the carbon particles leftover in the mortar between the stones. Carbon left behind from wood burned in the process of making the mortar.
SC: Many here at ATS will be aware of those studies and some may even be aware of the extensive evidence all over Giza of reparation works to various monuments there. I wonder though how many will be aware of Zahi Hawass’s views on the C14 dating technique?
”Hawass remains categorical in his rejection of the [C14 dating] technique: "Not even in five thousand years could carbon dating help archaeology... carbon dating is useless. This science will never develop. In archaeology, we consider carbon dating results imaginary." - Dr Zahi Hawass, Egypt Independent.
Why such disparaging remarks? Might it perhaps be because Hawass took his own sample of the cartouche to have sampled and didn't like the result that came back? Is Hawass perhaps frantically attempting to deflect attention away from past actions of his own with regards to the Khufu cartouche that he perhaps wishes to keep under wraps? Alas, it may do him little good because at least one report of the unauthorized sample taken by Goerlitz and Erdmann claims that the sample was indeed tested and that the paint was only centuries old. When I followed this report up with the German lab involved in the testing, they would not confirm or deny anything.
Scott Creighton
Harte: The claim that Vyse forged anything at all has no basis. For example, how could Vyse "forge" a glyph that the entire field of Egyptology was unaware of and had never seen before?
SC: Even before he ever set foot in Egypt Howard-Vyse was a known fraudster and was lucky not to have gone to jail for previous fraudulent activities. Furthermore, the Khufu cartouche was published (properly) by Rosellini 5 years before Howard-Vyse ever arrived in Egypt. That was Howard-Vyse’s ‘starter for ten’. He knew the cartouche to look for. When he finds the Khufu cartouche on some inscriptions on stone tablets or blocks elsewhere outside the pyramid, he simply copies these and has Hill and Raven paint them into the Pyramid (as testified by Humphries Brewer). Howard-Vyse didn’t need to know what the inscriptions actually said for he knew that whatever was being said it was related to Khufu, the one inscription he could read.
Scott Creighton
The history of this monument is not as clear-cut as you seem to be making out here.
SC: Whilst it may be suggestive, it is far from conclusive. These markings could have been faked by Howard-Vyse—a proven fraudster—when he blasted his way into these hidden chambers in 1837. There is even an eye-witness account of his team painting marks inside the Great Pyramid. And yes—even those markings that are found in the tight gaps between granite blocks where no forger could possibly take a brush could also have been faked and quite easily so. A little lateral thinking goes a long way and makes for a truly convincing result.
Harte: Do you suggest that every hieroglyph in each chamber was forged?
Harte: If not, then your own pet theory regarding the identity of Khufu is not material to the argument I'm making.
Harte: Not, that is, unless somebody wants to argue that Egyptian hieroglyphs were in use 10,000 years ago, and (unless you've changed your mind) …
Harte: I know that you won't argue that. Last I recall, you place the Great Pyramid firmly in the Old Kingdom. Has this changed?
Harte: Please don't ask me to explain Hawass and his contradictory statements.
Harte: I've seen you post a pic from Rosellini's book: link
It's not in my "personal library" here so I can't post the pic - I've linked it. That pic shows the king's list sample of Khufu - with the solar disk glyph.
Now, if you have access, can you post a pic showing that Rosellini actually published Khufu's name - spelled with the hatched circle - in that book? I'm not saying he didn't. I've just never seen it.
Harte: Do you agree that the glyphs - all of them - actually say something? That is, if Vyse didn't know the language, how is it he was able to write quite legibly the names of the work gangs that are recorded there?
Harte: Aren't you aware that such markings have been found in other Egyptian pyramids, always in hard to get at places? Who forged those?
Harte: Lastly, what about the fact that Vyse found hieratic script instead of the more formal glyphs? Will you claim that, at the time, Egyptology was already aware that hieratic was in use in the 4th Dynasty? That is, if they were unaware (and some of the main objections at the time regarding Vyse's find were based on the "knowledge" that heiratic hadn't been developed in the 4th Dynasty,) why on Earth would a forger use a script that "everyone" knew at the time was not developed by the 4th Dynasty? Did he have a subconscious need to be caught?
Harte: Yes, we both know that there is no such thing as a "clear-cut" history of anything. However, it is certainly clear enough that the Egyptians built the Great Pyramid, and through their own efforts and manpower.
Harte: Many details, on the other hand, are certainly not clear.
Scott Creighton
reply to post by Harte
Hello Harte,
SC: Whilst it may be suggestive, it is far from conclusive. These markings could have been faked by Howard-Vyse—a proven fraudster—when he blasted his way into these hidden chambers in 1837. There is even an eye-witness account of his team painting marks inside the Great Pyramid. And yes—even those markings that are found in the tight gaps between granite blocks where no forger could possibly take a brush could also have been faked and quite easily so. A little lateral thinking goes a long way and makes for a truly convincing result.
Harte: Do you suggest that every hieroglyph in each chamber was forged?
SC: Well according to the testimony of Humphries Brewer (passed down to his great grand father, Walter Allen), some of the painted marks were new whilst some marks were repainted. Only with proper scientific analysis can we hope to determine which is which.
Scott Creighton
Harte: If not, then your own pet theory regarding the identity of Khufu is not material to the argument I'm making.
SC: Not quite sure what you mean but if it helps, my view has always been that Surid/Sophis/Khufu built the Great Pyramid.
Scott Creighton
Harte: Not, that is, unless somebody wants to argue that Egyptian hieroglyphs were in use 10,000 years ago, and (unless you've changed your mind) …
SC: Well, the ancient Egyptians would probably argue that because they tell us their civilization is tens of thousands of years old. Egyptologists simply dismiss it because the very idea doesn’t fit their own narrative.
Scott Creighton
Harte: I know that you won't argue that. Last I recall, you place the Great Pyramid firmly in the Old Kingdom. Has this changed?
SC: My view is stated clearly in my books—the pyramids are much older than 2,500 BCE. Previously I held the view that they were dated to ca. 4,000 BCE but have come across some further evidence at Giza which leads me to the conclusion that they are nearer 19,000 years old. I don’t expect you to accept that dating but that is neither here nor there. The evidence and argument for that date is presented in my forthcoming book, The Secret Chamber of Osiris.
Scott Creighton
Harte: Please don't ask me to explain Hawass and his contradictory statements.
SC: Fair enough. But this is a man who has probably sent more artefacts to have C14 dated than probably anyone alive today (and probably ever) and he considers C14 dating results to be “imaginary”. In my view Hawass has come to such a conclusion because either a) C14 dating is flawed or b) the orthodox chronology is flawed. I could be wrong but that’s my gut feeling—he’s had too many results back that don’t fit the conventional narrative.
Scott Creighton
Harte: I've seen you post a pic from Rosellini's book: link
It's not in my "personal library" here so I can't post the pic - I've linked it. That pic shows the king's list sample of Khufu - with the solar disk glyph.
Now, if you have access, can you post a pic showing that Rosellini actually published Khufu's name - spelled with the hatched circle - in that book? I'm not saying he didn't. I've just never seen it.
SC: Here it is:
Rosellini’s 1832 Book with Khufu Cartouche
Scott Creighton
Harte: Do you agree that the glyphs - all of them - actually say something? That is, if Vyse didn't know the language, how is it he was able to write quite legibly the names of the work gangs that are recorded there?
SC: Yes—and they say something about KHUFU. That is how Egyptology links the pyramid to this king. As long as Howard-Vyse can recognize the Khufu cartouche, he can copy any piece of text that contains the name Khufu. And often Khufu’s birth name will be placed alongside his Horus name in texts so it is not unsurprising to find the Horus name in these chambers either.
Scott Creighton
Harte: Aren't you aware that such markings have been found in other Egyptian pyramids, always in hard to get at places? Who forged those?
SC: I think you’re missing the point. It is not impossible to fake inscriptions in these hard-to-get-at places. It can be done. The question is whether or not it WAS done and WHAT was done (i.e. which are genuine and which are fake, if any)? I am simply saying we need to be doing more scientific analysis.
... the Cartouche of Suphis is followed by a hieroglyphic to which it would be difficult to find a parallel. The symbol also which appears in Wellington's Chamber, Plate X, and perhaps the 4th to the left in the west end of the same Chamber preceding the Cartouche (neb Shoufou), are equally difficult of solution (see Plate V.)...
Harte: Lastly, what about the fact that Vyse found hieratic script instead of the more formal glyphs? Will you claim that, at the time, Egyptology was already aware that hieratic was in use in the 4th Dynasty? That is, if they were unaware (and some of the main objections at the time regarding Vyse's find were based on the "knowledge" that heiratic hadn't been developed in the 4th Dynasty,) why on Earth would a forger use a script that "everyone" knew at the time was not developed by the 4th Dynasty? Did he have a subconscious need to be caught?
mblahnikluver
mstower
mblahnikluver
***For those arguing they didn't have permission or a permit, yes they did. Go to about 10:30 mins into the first video and Bauval shows the permit these two had to enter the pyramid.edit on 3/2/2014 by mblahnikluver because: add last part about permit.
Did they have permission to attack the inscriptions with a chisel?
If not, I fail to see the relevance of the point.
M.
They didn't attack anything with a chisel. They took a small sample of the red paint that was there. They didn't chisel anything. The part they are being accused of ruining was ALREADY ruined when they got there.
I have been following this since it started on FB back in December via Robert Bauval's FB posts and one of the scientists being accused. I have both of them on my FB and both have posted a lot of information about what is going on. If you cared to read any links or posts I have made in this thread you could see for yourself.
mblahnikluver
The cartouche was already damaged prior to them ever being there.