It looks like you're using an Ad Blocker.
Please white-list or disable AboveTopSecret.com in your ad-blocking tool.
Thank you.
Some features of ATS will be disabled while you continue to use an ad-blocker.
Time-dependent major species composition equations are solved including the evolution of O, O2, and N2, under chemistry, transport and mutual diffusion (Fuller-Rowell et al., 1994). The time-dependent variables of southward and eastward wind, total energy density, and concentrations of O, O2, and N2 are evaluated at each grid point by an explicit, time-stepping numerical technique. After each iteration the vertical wind, the temperature, the density, and the heights of pressure surfaces are derived. The parameters can be interpolated to fixed heights for comparison with experimental data.
The model includes a chemical heat source due to the recombination of O$^+$. This is important for the low latitude temperature structure as the large amount of ionization in the equatorial-anomaly crests after sunset turns out to be a significant heat source [Fuller-Rowell et al., 1997]. The ionization, heating, and dissociation rates due to solar EUV radiation are calculated following Solomon and Qian [2005]. The NO cooling is calculated using the NO model of D. Marsh [2004].
Closely to the event (one day before the shock), spikes of radon pollution into the atmosphere are possible, and the frequency of disturbances of various nature increases. The radon causes non-stationary ionization processes, and consequently an increase of the electrical conductivity inthe atmosphere (Sorokin and Chmyrev, 1998; Pulinets et al., 2000; Liperovsky et al., 2005; Sorokin et al., 2006). Correspondingly, also the vertical electric currents and the mean ionospheric temperature grow. The heating process becomes predominant and causes a diffusionary smearing out of the maximum of the electron density of the F2-layer about one
day, or about two days, before and after strong earthquakes. Thus one may assume that there are two processes of litosphere-ionosphere coupling before earthquakes. The first process is predominant 3–6 days before a shock and, the second one, one day before and one day or two days after a shock. During the first process episods of upstreaming ionospheric plasma flows, a decrease of the recombination and an increase of foF2 take place. During the second process the upstreaming plasma flow also occurs, but the overwhelming processes are the heating and the diffusionary smearing out of the maximum of the electron density of the F2-layer
Coutldnt somebody here write you a program which will show the real time TEC and the earth quake data simultaneously?
The 5+ Easter Is. quakes were on 5, 6, 8, 10(mag6), 12 and 30 May, do you have any maps around those dates?
There is some intriguing research about whether large earthquakes are associated with ionospheric changes caused by electromagnetic signals released by the crushing of rock crystalline structures. If so, then this might be a mechanism for major earthquake prediction. One of the primary researchers in this area is Friedemann Freund, of NASA Ames. He has written several articles introducing the concept of ionospheric and atmospheric changes as earthquake precursors:
Daily change ratio of a triangle area Because of the fluctuation of GPS data of geo-centric coordinates, we thought relative change of a triangle area will be more stable than the movement of point movement. In addition, we can predict a rough location of the origin of earthquake from the maximum value of the change ratio. The daily change ratio of triangle area can be calculated from the following formula.
The 11 April 2012, M8.6 and M8.2 earthquakes OFF THE WEST COAST OF NORTHERN SUMATRA did confirm an alarm TIP reported in January, in the regular 2010a Update of the M8-MSc predictions of the Global Test of M8 (Healy et al. 1992; password protected URL www.mitp.ru...; yellow outline in the attached figure). The earthquake epicenters missed the reduced area of alarm (red outline) diagnosed in the second approximation due to inapplicability of the MSc algorithm outside bulk distribution of seismic activity. Nevertheless, it appears remarkable that the reduced area is about the same as the area of the 11 April 2012 first-day aftershocks located at about the same latitudes. The 11 April 2012 great earthquakes have ruptured the conjugate faults, about 300 and 500 km each in the oceanic lithosphere of Indo-Australian plate. Both are strike-slip intra-oceanic-plate events with epicenters in an area of sparse seismicity, some 100 km and 200 km to the southwest of the major seismic belt of the subduction zone next to the complex junction of India, Australia, Sunda, and Burma plates. These events continue a series that can be attributed to the 26 December 2004, M9.1 Sumatra-Andaman mega-thrust, followed by the 28 March 2005, M8.6 great Nias earthquake. In course the Global Test of M8 a segment of the subduction zone from Burma to Southern Sumatra was recognized as capable of producing magnitude M8.0+ event starting from July 2005-January 2006, which prediction was already confirmed with a pair of the great 12 September 2007, M8.5 SOUTHERN SUMATRA and M8.1 KEPULAUAN MENTAWAI REGION, INDONESIA earthquakes (www.mitp.ru...). (Note: The M8 algorithm provides prediction in the first approximation, and the algorithm MSc, if the data permit, narrows down the area covered by alarm. Both apply to the null approximation delivered by identifying earthquake-prone zones, e.g. "active fault zones", "D-intersections or knots", etc.)
I dont care if someone thinks HAARP is harmless or not, but when you pump that much juice through a focal array that pushes energy waves through a focused area your not only gonna get a good study of aurora, but your also gonna have the ability to push an electro-magnetic charge into the upper ionosphere. What that does to the pressure pushing down is anyones guess.
www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/2011/2010JA015781.shtml
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 116, A02303, 5 PP., 2011
doi:10.1029/2010JA015781
A statistical analysis of ionospheric anomalies before 736 M6.0+ earthquakes during 2002–2010
H. Le
Institute of Space Science, National Central University, Chung-Li, Taiwan
Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
J. Y. Liu
Institute of Space Science, National Central University, Chung-Li, Taiwan
L. Liu
Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
This paper presents a statistical study of the pre-earthquake ionospheric anomaly by using the total electron content (TEC) data from the global ionosphere map. A total of 736 M ≥ 6.0 earthquakes in the global area during 2002–2010 are selected. The anomaly day is first defined. Then the occurrence rates of abnormal days for both the days within 1–21 days prior to the earthquakes (PE) and the background days (PN) are calculated. The results show that the values of PE depend on the earthquake magnitude, the earthquake source depth, and the number of days prior to the earthquake. The PE is larger for earthquakes with greater magnitude and lower depth and for days closer to the earthquakes. The results also show that the occurrence rate of anomaly within several days before the earthquakes is overall larger than that during the background days, especially for the large-magnitude and low-depth earthquakes. These results indicate that the anomalous behavior of TEC within just a few days before the earthquakes is related with the forthcoming earthquakes with high probability.
Received 5 June 2010; accepted 27 December 2010; published 5 February 2011.
Citation: Le, H., J. Y. Liu, and L. Liu (2011), A statistical analysis of ionospheric anomalies before 736 M6.0+ earthquakes during 2002–2010, J. Geophys. Res., 116, A02303, doi:10.1029/2010JA015781.