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The 40 participants were all invited to a laboratory at Yale University and upon arrival they met with the experimenter and another participant, Mr Wallace, who were both confederates.
The experimenter explained that one person would be randomly assigned the role of teacher and the other, a learner. However, the real participant was always assigned the role of teacher. The experimenter explained that the teacher, the real participant, would read the learner a series of word pairs and then test their recall. The learner, who was positioned in an adjacent room, would indicate his choice using a system of lights. The teacher was instructed to administer an electric shock ever time the learner made a mistake and to increase the voltage after each mistake.
The teacher watched the learner being strapped to the electric chair and was given a sample electric shock to convince them that the procedure was real. The learner wasn’t actually strapped to the chair and gave predetermined answers to the test. As the electric shocks increased the learner’s screams, which were recorded, became louder and more dramatic. At 180 volts the learner complained of a weak heart. At 300 volts he banged on the wall and demanded to leave and at 315 volts he became silent, to give the illusions that was unconscious, or even dead.
The experiment continued until the teacher refused to continue, or 450 volts was reached. If the teacher tried to stop the experiment, the experimenter would respond with a series of prods, for example: ‘The experiment requires that you continue.’ Following the experiment the participants were debriefed.
Milgram found that all of the real participants went to at least 300 volts and 65% continued until the full 450 volts. He concluded that under the right circumstances ordinary people will obey unjust orders.
Evaluation
Milgram’s study has been heavily criticised for breaking numerous ethical guidelines, including: deception, right to withdraw and protection from harm.
Milgram deceived his participants as he said the experiment was on ‘punishment and learning’, when in fact he was measuring obedience, and he pretended the learner was receiving electric shocks. In addition, it was very difficult for participants with withdraw from the experiment, as the experimenter prompted the participants to continue. Finally, many of the participants reported feeling exceptionally stressed and anxious while taking part in the experiment and therefore they were not protect from psychological harm. This is an issue, as Milgram didn’t respect his participants, some of whom felt very guilt following the experiment, knowing that they could have harmed another person. However, it must be noted that it was essential for Milgram to deceive his participants and remove their right to withdraw to test obedience and produce valid results. Furthermore, he did debrief his participants following the experiment and 83.7% of participants said that they were happy to have taken part in the experiment and contribute to scientific research.
Explanations for Obedience - Milgram (1963)
originally posted by: FlyInTheOintment
So in summary - REJECT the authority figures visibly & vocally...
originally posted by: daskakik
originally posted by: FlyInTheOintment
So in summary - REJECT the authority figures visibly & vocally...
This is rich coming from someone who bows to the authority figure that is the benevolent dictator in the sky.
originally posted by: NorthOfStuffx2
originally posted by: daskakik
originally posted by: FlyInTheOintment
So in summary - REJECT the authority figures visibly & vocally...
This is rich coming from someone who bows to the authority figure that is the benevolent dictator in the sky.
What even holds more wealth is the freedom bestowed on you not to bow to this “benevolent dictator in the sky” if you so choose.
originally posted by: Hecate666
Many of us know you don't even have to believe at all, and we don't. Yet the interesting part is how too many are held by threats to their very being if they even doubt the dear leader in the sky.
originally posted by: CoyoteAngels
Is this an attack on the poster or the content?
DISOBEY in an openly visual manner and you will inspire non-compliance in those around you