The site contains important Lower and Middle Paleolithic (350,000-100,000 years) human occupations in cave deposits up to a maximum thickness of 14 meters (46 feet), including evidence of some of the earliest hearths in Europe; and some of the earliest evidence of small-animal consumption as well

Excavations at Bolomor have identified seventeen stratigraphic levels, dated from Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 9 (~334,000 years ago) to 5e (~115,000 years ago). MIS are a relative dating tool created by paleoclimatologists to correspond with broad climatic changes over time, describing the relative warm or cool periods during the Pleistocene.

The occupants processed a wide range of animals, including everything from rabbits, tortoise and birds to deer, horses and pigs to hippopotamus and rhinoceros. Although there are scavenger carnivores within the animal bones recovered (wolf, hyena), evidenced by gnaw-marks, and evidence of trampling, many of the remains show deliberate cutmarks and burning, suggested they were processed and cooked by the cave's occupants.