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no country has landed automatic stations on the moon since the Soviet “Lunakhod” unmanned rovers in the 70s. This means that the Russian automatic stations will be the first to land on the moon in the 21st century. “Lunar-Sphere” is a Russia project that includes a landing vehicle and a lunar satellite, while the second, “Luna-Resource” is a joint project with India. It consists of the same landing vehicle, but an Indian rocket will take it to the moon with a small Indian moon rover.
Perhaps, there are organic materials on the poles of the moon brought by comets. The most interesting thing is that the scientists have discovered signatures of the presence of water in various forms on the moon. The key task of the missions will be the search for water.
It will launch the first missions out of four of the “Lunar-Resource” and the “Lunar-Sphere” missions by the end of 2012 and early 2013. They will carry out preparations for the creation of a permanent fully-robotic base on the moon. Such a base will be an essential element for the future manned missions to the moon.
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