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Title: Functional anatomy of inner speech and auditory verbal imagery
Author(s): McGuire PK, Silbersweig DA, Murray RM, David AS, Frackowiak RSJ, Frith CD
Source: PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE 26 (1): 29-38 JAN 1996
Document Type: Article
Language: English
Cited References: 64 Times Cited: 89
Abstract: The neural correlates of inner speech and of auditory verbal imagery were examined in normal volunteers, using positron emission tomography (PET). Subjects were shown single words which they used to generate short, stereotyped sentences without speaking. In an inner speech task, sentences were silently articulated, while in an auditory verbal imagery condition, subjects imagined sentences being spoken to them in an another person's voice. Inner speech was associated with increased activity in the left inferior frontal gyrus. Auditory verbal imagery was associated with increases in the same region, and in the left premotor cortex, the supplementary motor area and the left temporal cortex. The data suggest that the silent articulation of sentences involves activity in an area concerned with speech generation, while imagining speech is associated with additional activity in regions associated with speech perception.
Originally posted by polomontana
Also, how can you hear your inner voice? We use our ears to hear our family and friends, what do we use to hear our inner voice?
It is worth noting that not only speech perception,
but also covert speech activates phono-articulatory
simulation within the motor system. McGuigan &
Dollins (1989) showed with electromyography that the
tongue and lip muscles are activated in covert speech in
the same way as during overt speech. An fMRI study by
Wildgruber et al. (1996) showed primary motor cortex
activation during covert speech. A recent study by
Aziz-Zadeh et al. (2005) showed covert speech arrest
after transient inactivation with repetitive transcranial
magnetic simulation (rTMS) over the left primary
motor cortex and left BA44.
dericbownds.net...
Also, who decides what tastes good or smells good? My brother doesn't like pizza but I really like it. Are taste buds work the same way so who decides what to like and what to not like? Also with smells, I might like Polo Black cologne but someone else might think it stinks. We both smell through our noses so who decides wether a smell is liked or not?
Originally posted by Tom Bedlam
Not everyone has the same receptors or number of receptors for smell and taste. For example, some people do not perceive cauliflower or cabbage to be sulfurous in taste, because they lack the smell receptor for it, or have a very small number. For these people (I'm one) it tastes good. But for others that have the receptor, it's nasty. There are bitter flavors that some can taste and others cannot - I am a "taster" in that regard.
I think a lot of it is what you grow up with, as someone said.
Originally posted by fdisc0
i don't think it would necessarily taste 'good' in your case. the idea is that the more taste 'buds' the stronger sensitivity, the less likely to enjoy things that are potent or lush in taste. a person taking a liking to more, bitter, flavorful, stronger tastes, probably has less taste buds. the ideal behind super tasters, is a person of the opposite who opposes such strong tastes, and can enjoy the same kind of 'flavor' (your tongue is split into many different 'receptors' ) over and over. through time, these buds wear down, and the person in question, is more likely to develop a taste for other foods. this is in regards to 'i'm a taster' as it doesn't hit upon the majority of your quote about differential taste buds as much but the same can applied in theory to the individual sectors.
Originally posted by Tom Bedlam
Most of your sense of 'taste' is actually smell, and for cruciferous vegetables, there are definitely groups which do and do not 'taste' the sulfur content.
In terms of being able to taste certain tastes, some people lack, permanently, the ability to detect certain bitter chemicals. It's a matter of genetics, not wear-out.