Hey I love my country as much as the next guy but how much difference can one person make. On a forum like this, you can make some posts. People can
research them or maybe you will see a special on PBS or the history channel.
You can talk to people but some people will invetibley laugh. Than goto the corner Bar to numb the pain that is the truth of our existance.
The best one can hope for is a roadpost to the future. Those that ignore hostory are doomed to repeat its mistakes.
The experiments in this article were paid for by DOW chemical, Johnson and Johnson. They were edorsed by our government, for the simple fact that it
took place in government owned, runed and partially subsidized facilities.
The simple fact that I live in a city with 400,000 angy black people, I think insures me a certain level of safety.
AP National
Inmates Sue Over Medical Studies
www.prisonactivist.org...
PHILADELPHIA (AP) -- Allen Hornblum's first job out of graduate school
in 1971 was teaching literacy at Philadelphia's Holmesburg Prison.
Inside the imposing walls, he says he was shocked to see dozens of
inmates with adhesive tape on their faces, their arms and their backs.
At first he thought there had been a knife fight, but he soon learned
that the bandages betrayed widespread medical experiments that had gone
on for 23 years inside the
city-run prison.
Hornblum's 1998 book, ''Acres of Skin,'' explored the physical and
psychological effects of the testing and inspired a lawsuit filed this
week in Philadelphia on behalf of 298 former inmates.
The lawsuit claims the testing exposed the inmates to infectious
diseases, radiation, dioxin and psychotropic drugs -- all without their
informed consent.
It names as defendants the city of Philadelphia; Dr. Albert Kligman, a
University of Pennsylvania dermatologist who conducted much of the
research and is credited with developing the acne and anti-wrinkle
treatment Retin A; the university; and drug makers Johnson & Johnson and
the Dow Chemical Co., whose products were allegedly used on inmates.
Kligman, who is now in his 80s but keeps an office at the university,
did not return a call seeking comment Wednesday. The university declined
to comment on the lawsuit, and officials for the city and Dow Chemical
did not immediately return telephone calls.
Johnson & Johnson confirmed that it had tested cosmetic and skin-care
products on inmates at Holmsburg during the late 1960s and early 1970s.
But it said none of the ingredients cited in the part of the lawsuit it
had seen were used in the company's products.
Using inmates for testing was common practice during the 1950s and
1960s, but it is now frowned on by the university, University of
Pennsylvania spokeswoman Rebecca Harmon said.
While medical testing took place in other prisons, Holmesburg was
well-known among scientists because of Kligman's research and because of
the prison's willingness to have its inmates tested in exchange for
annual fees in the hundreds of thousands of dollars, Hornblum said. Most
of the inmates involved were black men and relatively uneducated.
''There are men who do have cancer, severe lung problems, all sorts of
maladies,'' Hornblum said. ''I am not a doctor, so I can't confirm that
there is a direct linkage. You need to have some serious epidemiological
studies, but no one has ever been interested.''
The inmates' attorney, Thomas Nocella, said the inmates received only a
dollar or two a day to be used as subjects for lucrative commercial
product testing. Since they did not know what drugs they were being
given, they could not have given informed consent, even if they signed
waivers, he said.
''As human beings, they want an apology for being treated the way they
were treated back then. Secondly, they want some kind of assurance that
medical treatment will be available to them,'' Nocella said. The
lawsuit, filed Philadelphia Common Pleas Court, seeks $50,000 in damages
from each defendant.
The medical testing at Holmesburg began in 1951 and didn't end until
1974, when it was banned, said Hornblum, now an adjunct professor at
Temple University. The ban was prompted by congressional hearings into
allegedly coerced medical experimentation, including Tuskegee University
tests that infected black men with syphilis
A few Holmesburg inmates sued the university and the city in 1984, and
settled for sums in the $20,000 to $40,000 range. Holmesburg was
closed in 1995.