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The miracle outcrop known as Hunga Tonga has only existed for four years, yet creatures including hundreds of seabirds and flowering plants whose seeds were dropped there in bird poo.
Hunga Tonga emerged from a hidden underwater volcano lodged between two existing islands of the Kingdom of Tonga in the South Pacific.
It still has no official name, but locals have branded it Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai, or "Hunga Tonga" for short.
The island is only the third volcanic pop-up like this to have arisen in the last 150 years, and Nasa has been attempting to uncovers its mysteries since it arose from the sea in 2015.
Most research has involved taking snaps from satellites or aircraft, but space boffins recently got a rare chance to explore Hunga Tonga on foot.