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US billionaire held in Chinese blogging crackdown
BEIJING (AP) -- Police have detained a Chinese-American billionaire on suspicion of visiting a prostitute as China cracks down on bloggers on its already heavily restricted Internet.
Police and state media say venture capitalist Charles Xue was detained Friday evening in a Beijing neighborhood along with a woman.
He is a naturalized American citizen who has over 12 million followers on the Twitter-like Sina Weibo. He regularly reposts reform-minded content and comments on other issues including China's air quality and food safety.
The People's Daily on Monday reminded the country's "big Vs" - popular bloggers whose social media profiles are verified as genuine - that they should "use their right to expression responsibly."
Xue's arrest follows a string in recent days of people who triggered scandals online.
Charles Xue, 59, has been an Independent Director of our company since July 2009. His current term expires in 2014. Mr. Xue was the original founder and is the chairman of the board of directors of ChinaEdu Corporation, a leading NASDAQ-listed educational service provider in China. Before that, Mr. Xue was the original founder of UT Starcom, a NASDAQ-listed company and a global leader in the manufacture, integration and support of Internet protocol-based, end-to-end networking and telecommunications solutions, and served as its chairman and vice chairman from 1991 to 2001. Mr. Xue received his postgraduate degree in East Asia History Specialty from the University of California, Berkeley in 1983.
U.S. efforts to promote Internet freedom have broadened. Since the early 2000s, policy makers
have focused on supporting censorship circumvention techniques and their use in China,
protecting the privacy of Chinese Internet users, and discouraging or preventing U.S. information
and communications technology companies from aiding Beijing’s censorship efforts and public
surveillance system. According to some analysts
, counter-censorship technology has proven to
have a vital, but limited, impact on the promotion of freedom and democracy in the PRC. They
have advocated a broader approach or the development of a more comprehensive and robust mix
of tools and education for “cyber dissidents” and online activists in China and elsewhere,
including the following: software and training to help dissidents and civil society actors
communicate securely through evading surveillance, detecting spyware, and guarding against
cyberattacks; archiving and disseminating information that censors have removed from the
Internet; developing means of maintaining Intern
et access when the government has shut it down
entirely; and providing training in online communication, organization, and advocacy.
The Public-Private Nexus
Some experts argue that China’s success in maintaining control over the Internet is based largely upon its reliance on private sector actors and profit motives. By imposing non-coercive incentives for compliance, the government has been able to maintain a fairly reliable system of control at relatively little cost. In order to maintain their business licenses and operate in China, domestic and foreign Internet companies are required to abide by a rough set of guidelines issued by central and local government agencies—and thus encouraged to practice self-censorship. Companies that have learned how to prosper in this environment include Baidu, China’s largest search engine, Sina Weibo, which offers a Twitter-like micro-blogging platform, and Tencent, which provides instant messaging services.
Large Internet portals are estimated to each employ hundreds of people to filter online discussion. Sina Weibo is said to employ approximately 1,000 people to monitor and censor expression on its social networking service. In May 2012, Sina instituted a point system in which customers are given a number of starting points that are deducted if the they post “harmful” content. If a customer’s cache of points falls to zero, then his or her account is terminated. Service providers are often torn between providing interesting content and allowing wide-ranging discussion, on the one hand, and complying with government guidelines, on the other, both of which can affect their economic survival.
Another aspect of the PRC government’s ability to control online information is the degree to which the xperience of the Internet user in China resembles that of Internet users in freer environments elsewhere. The abundant array of offerings on China’s Internet, vibrant news coverage, public discourse on a range of issues, and selective rather than widespread use of coercive measures, such as arrests of netizens who use the Internet for political purposes, has diluted opposition to China’s censorship regime. Although their foreign counterparts are blocked, Chinese can search terms on Baidu, engage in social networking on RenRen and Kaixinwang, and
blog or “Tweet” via Sohu and Sina platforms. These phenomena have even been referred to by Chinese officials as “Internet democracy.” One U.S. expert states that “China’s 500 million Internet users feel free and are less fearful of their government than in the past. The communications revolution has transformed China in many ways, but the Communist Party has thus far succeeded—against all odds and expectations—in controlling it to remain in power.”