The Chairman of Establishment - John J. McCloy - Portrait of The Troubleshooter

0.9. Prologue
I made my best here, to bring closer to your attention person of John J. McCloy, one of most powerful people in last century, yet relatively unknown to the public. And he deserved this attention well, my friends, he ought to be remembered and given same esteem as Henry Kissinger, J. Edgar Hoover or Zbig Brzezinski! For one, because he predecessed them, he was their mentor in this "making-things-done" business. For two, because amount and time-span of dirty cases he dipped his fingers in, is just staggering. And last, but not least, because he connects dots on many conspiration's maps. Quite a long lecture, no movies, plain text. If your attention span is less then 10 mins I suggest changing topic, but if you like good conspiracy, and have slight interest in modern history you will definitely enjoy it. So here we go...

1. Pre-IIWW period

From his obituary in NYT:
Born in Philadelphia on March 31, 1895, he was the son of John J. McCloy, an auditor for the Penn Mutual Life Insurance Company, and Anna May Snader McCloy. His father died when he was 6, and his mother turned to nursing to support the family.
Now, according to McCloy's official biographer, (Kai Bird's "The Chairman",p.504), John J. McCloy and one Frederick Warburg were next door neighbors in Cos Cob, Connecticut. Frederick's father was Felix Warburg of Warburg banking dynasty married to eldest Jacob Schiff's daughter Frieda. Jacob Schiff was also german banker, who moved to Wall Street in 1865, then returned to Germany after lack of success, yet aquiring american citizenship in 1870. In 1874 Abraham Kuhn of the banking firm of Kuhn, Loeb & Company proposed him to come back and join their forces, which happened in 1975. This will be important connection for John's and america's financial future.

John McCloy entered Amherst College in 1912 and supported himself by waiting on tables. After graduating cum laude in 1916 he went on to the Harvard Law School.
Interrupting his education in 1917 to enter the Army, he became a captain of field artillery and served at the front in France in World War I. He returned to Harvard in 1919 and, after getting his law degree in 1921, practiced for five years with the New York firm of Cadwalader, Wickersham & Taft.

Cadwalader, Wickersham & Taft LLP is the oldest continuously-operated law firm in the United States with offices all around
the world. They have very strong ties with Rockefeller family, Wickersham still as attorney general shielded Rockefeller in taking control over Waters-Pierce
Today those links are growing stronger: Rockefeller marries CW&T associate in 1998 NYT

George Wickersham was a former attorney general and Henry W. Taft was the brother of President William Howard Taft. Here on stage comes also John D. Rockefeller. He was strong supporter W.H. Taft, from early times, here's article from NYT published October 31' 1908 criticizing Rockefeller's angle in presidential campaign (you need pdf reader), worth to read.

In 1925 he moved to Cravath, de Gersdoff, Swaine & Wood, another Wall Street firm, where he became a partner in 1929. Recognized as bright and perservering, he was put in charge of the Black Tom
case for Bethlehem Steel, one of the firm's clients.

List of their clients included: Bethlehem Steel, Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, Kuhn, Loeb & Co (one of architects of FED). Paul Kravath was also one of founding officers of Council of Foreign Relation, political interest group owned by... Rockefellers. Which long-time member McCloy became in future.

The case involved damages incurred in a 1916 explosion at a Hoboken munitions factory. Mr. McCloy carried the case along for nine years, hunting down clues in Baltimore, Vienna, Warsaw and Dublin
and proving that German agents had caused the explosion. The case was settled when the Mixed Claims Commission at The Hague found Germany responsible for the blast. Mr. McCloy's tenacity and legal
acumen were highly esteemed in the profession, and these traits brought him to the attention of Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson in 1940.

In CGS&W McCloy was thriving. During this period he became friendly with W. Averell Harriman and Robert A. Lovett. In 1927 McCloy was sent to establish an office in Milan. Over the next few years he traveled throughout Italy, France and Germany "on business". According to Anton Chaitkin (George Bush: The Unauthorized Biography) McCloy worked as an advisor to the fascist government of Benito Mussolini. But his main country of interest was Germany. In his dealings with their elits, McCloy worked closely with Paul M. Warburg, the founder of M. M. Warburg in Hamburg (yes, same Warburg family), who argued that the "United States should throw open its doors to European imports and pay for them with the gold the Allies had used to pay for U.S. war material". Warburg argued that this strategy would result in New York becoming the world's financial and commercial centre. According to McCloy himself: "Practically every merchant bank and Wall Street firm, from J. P. Morgan and Brown Brothers on down, was over there (Germany) picking up loans. We were all very European in our outlook, and our goal was to see it rebuilt." McCloy argued that if this did not happen, Germany would be taken over by the communists, who were getting support from the Soviet Union.

Black Tom case was very curiosal one, altough it gave McCloy huge career boost. For 9 years, he strived to prove that "German agents" were responsible for explosion on Black Tom ship on NYC shores, according to popular belief. However it's very discussional did actually happen this way: Time Magazine article .

In July, 1929, McCloy became a partner in the Cravath, Henderson & de Gersdorff law firm. He was rewarded with a salary of $15,000. This was a time when fewer than 6% of Americans earned more than $3,000 a year. McCloy did not put his money into stocks and shares and was unaffected by the 1929 Wall Street Crash.
Notably around same time McCloy's brother-in-law, Lewis W. Douglas, was a member of the Democratic Party and in March, 1933, he was appointed Director of the Budget by President Franklin D. Roosevelt. However, Douglas became convinced that the New Deal had been infiltrated by communists and jews. McCloy wisely stayed away from this hype. As a result of his beliefs, Douglas resigned from the government in August, 1934
McCloy continued to specialize in German cases and in 1936 Mccloy traveled to Berlin where he had a meeting with Rudolf Hess. This was followed by McCloy sharing a box with with Adolf Hitler and Herman Goering at the Berlin Olympics. McCloy's law firm also represented I.G. Farben and its affiliates during this period. Note: at the time I.G Farben was 4th LARGEST company in the world. It was also absolutely vital for German war-machine.

The contribution made by American capitalism to German war preparations before 1940 can only be described as phenomenal. It was certainly crucial to German military capabilities. For instance, in 1934 Germany produced domestically only 300,000 tons of natural petroleum products and less than 800,000 tons of synthetic gasoline; the balance was imported. Yet, ten years later in World War II, after transfer of the Standard Oil of New Jersey hydrogenation patents and technology to I. G. Farben (used to produce synthetic gasoline from coal), Germany produced about 6 1/2 million tons of oil — of which 85 percent (5 1/2 million tons) was synthetic oil using the Standard Oil hydrogenation process. Moreover, the control of synthetic oil output in Germany was held by the I. G. Farben subsidiary, Braunkohle-Benzin A. G., and this Farben cartel itself was created in 1926 with Wall Street financial assistance.

source

In 1930 Bank for International Settlements is conceived in Basle, Switzerland.The B.I.S. was essential under the Young's Plan as a means to afford a ready instrument for promoting international financial relations. It is also being described as first Rotschild's world bank The History of the House of Rothschild by Andrew Hitchcock Thanks to this institution, money loans flown to Germany without problems. Some time in future Eleanor Dulles (yes, those Dulles) will write a study on this institution, very biased one, curiously.

Moreover, American assistance to Nazi war efforts extended into other areas. The two largest tank producers in Hitler's Germany were Opel, a wholly owned subsidiary of General Motors (controlled by the J.P. Morgan firm), and the Ford A. G. subsidiary of the Ford Motor Company of Detroit. The Nazis granted tax-exempt status to Opel in 1936, to enable General Motors to expand its production facilities. General Motors obligingly reinvested the resulting profits into German industry. Henry Ford was decorated by the Nazis for his services to Naziism. (See p. 93.) Alcoa and Dow Chemical worked closely with Nazi industry with numerous transfers of their domestic U.S. technology. Bendix Aviation, in which the J.P. Morgan-controlled General Motors firm had a major stock interest, supplied Siemens & Halske A. G. in Germany with data on automatic pilots and aircraft instruments. As late as 1940, in the "unofficial war," Bendix Aviation supplied complete technical data to Robert Bosch for aircraft and diesel engine starters and received royalty payments in return.

source

Biggest players were the J.P. Morgan firm, the Rockefeller Chase Bank and to a lesser extent the Warburg Manhattan bank. Try to remember connections were multiple, for example I.G. Farben was second biggest stockholder of Standard Oil. They were also all clients or employers of McCloy (so will Ford Company in future).

The planes that made up the Luftwaffe needed tetraethyl lead gasoline in order to fly. In 1938, Walter C. Teagle, then president of Standard Oil, helped Hermann Schmitz of I.G. Farben to acquire 500 tons of tetraethyl lead from Ethyl, a British Standard subsidiary. A year later, Schmitz returned to London and obtained an additional 15 million dollars worth of tetraethyl lead which was to be turned into aviation gasoline back in Germany.In 1938, Walter C. Teagle, then president of Standard Oil, helped Hermann Schmitz of I.G. Farben to acquire 500 tons of tetraethyl lead from Ethyl, a British Standard subsidiary. A year later, Schmitz returned to London and obtained an additional 15 million dollars worth of tetraethyl lead which was to be turned into aviation gasoline back in Germany.

While doing my research I accidentaly found out that Teagle's granddaughter was wed to Alastair Keith, banker aristocrat. link NYT His best men was... John McCloy 2d. such a small world.

Here;s bit more specifically on this subject if someone is interested Bank of International Settlements - Trading With the Enemy The Whole Story

2. Second World War

McCloy worked as an adviser to Franklin D. Roosevelt until 1934, so it wasn't Henry L. stimson who introduced McCloy into the White House.

However Stimson took McCloy as his protege, assistant Secretary of War. He was also devoted Rockefeller man. We have today The Henry L. Stimson Center today funded by Rockefellers Trust. Also in his book about Nicaragua , he describes american policy, also praising influence of Rockefeller's in the region.

Quite apart from this governmental work, The Rockefeller Foundation, during the past few years, has spent more than 1.000.000$ in Central America alone, in teaching the people of those five republics the laws of sanitation and how to combat hookworm, malaria, and other tropical diseases. On my recent stay in Managua, the capitol of Nicaragua, I was able to drink pure water because of the Rockefeller Foundation has thus assisted in the establishment of proper water supply for that city

Henry L. Stimson's American policy in Nicaragua: the lasting legacy

In first year's McCloy strongly backed up Congressman Leland M. Ford of Los Angeles who had called for "all Japanese, whether citizens or not, be placed in inland concentration camps". The record shows that he ignored F.B.I. and naval intelligence reports that backed Japanese-American loyalty, and kept these reports from the Supreme Court. Army officials urged in early 1944 that McCloy end the internment, but he cited "political rather than military" reasons for extending it another eight months. source NYT
Thats when he said famous words "The Constitution is just a scrap of paper."
That was widely criticized and after thorough research, a Presidential blue-ribbon panel concluded in 1983 that there was "no justification in military necessity" for the internment and that its root causes were "race prejudice, war hysteria and a failure of political leadership."
Before the Presidential commission in 1981, he defended the internment as "retribution" for the Pearl Harbor attack.
This episode was well known to public opinion at the time of war, yet quietly majority agreed with McCloy on this "harsh decision". But in 1944 another "harsh decision" was about to be made by McCloy.

Meanwhile, after the war began in Europe, the English became angry about U.S. shipments of strategic materials to Nazi Germany. Standard Oil immediately changed the registration of their entire fleet to Panamanian to avoid British search or seizure. These ships continued to carry oil to Tenerife in the Canary Islands, where they refueled and siphoned oil to German tankers for shipment to Hamburg.
In 1942 U.S. State Department issued a detailed report on refueling stations in Mexico and Central and South America that were suspected of furnishing oil to Italian and German merchant vessels.

The report listed Standard Oil of New Jersey and Standard Oil of California among those fueling enemy ships, but there is no record of any action being taken as a result of this discovery. Similar deals between Standard Oil and the Japanese government for the purchase of tetraethyl lead have also been uncovered, but no direct action was ever taken against Standard Oil for its dealings with America’s enemies. That was thanks to McCloy himself, who convinced Roosevelt, that it would do great damage to war effort.

And here come's his greatest feat:

On 9th April 1944, Rudolf Vrba and Alfred Wetzler, managed to escape from Auschwitz. The two men spent eleven days walking and hiding before they got back to Slovakia. Vrba and Wetzler made contact with the local Jewish Council. They provided details of the Holocaust that was taking place in Eastern Europe. They also gave an estimate of the number of Jews killed in Auschwitz between June 1942 and April 1944: about 1.75 million.
On 29th June, 1944, the 32-page Vrba-Wetzler Report was sent to John McCloy. Attached to it was a note requesting the bombing of vital sections of the rail lines that transported the Jews to Auschwitz. McCloy investigated the request and then told his personal aide, Colonel Al Gerhardt, to "kill" the matter.

McCloy received several requests to take military action against the death camps. He always sent the following letter: "The War Department is of the opinion that the suggested air operation is impracticable. It could be executed only by the diversion of considerable air support essential to the success of our forces now engaged in decisive operations and would in any case be of such very doubtful efficacy that it would not amount to a practical project."

This was untrue. Long-range American bombers stationed in Italy had been flying over Auschwitz and the neighbouring I. G. Farben petrochemical plant since April, 1944. The American Air Force were also bombing Germany's synthetic-fuels plants to regions very close to the death camps. In fact, in August 1944, the Monowitz camp, part of the Auschwitz complex, was bombed by accident.
In August, 1944, Leon Kubowitzki, an official with the World Jewish Congress in New York, passed on an appeal from Ernest Frischer, a member of the Czech government-in-exile, to take military action against the concentration camps. McCloy rejected the idea as it would require "diversion of considerable air support" and "even if practicable, might provoke even more vindictive action by the Germans."

Nahum Goldman, president of the World Jewish Congress, also had a meeting with McCloy. Goldman was later to say: "McCloy indicated to me that, although the Americans were reluctant about my proposal, they might agree to it, though any decision as to the targets of bombardments in Europe was in the hands of the British". Once again, this was untrue. In fact, Winston Churchill had already ordered the bombing of Auschwitz. However, Archibald Sinclair, the British Secretary of State for Air, pointed out that "the distance of Silesia (where Auschwitz was located) from our bases entirely rules out our doing anything of the kind."

In November, 1944, John Pehle, the executive director of the War Refugee Board, wrote to McCloy to change his mind on this issue. This time he enclosed a recent New York Times article on the British bombing of a German prison camp in France where a hundred French resistance fighters condemned to death had escaped in the aftermath of the bombing." After consulting with Lieutenant General John Hull, the chief of Operations Division of the War Department, McCloy replied that "the results obtained would not justify the high losses likely to result from such a mission."
source

Not much have to been said I think. They had too much on stake with IG Farben, to let their free slave-labour force just flee. Shocking as it is, but true and well documented. McCloy was a legal counsellor to IG Farben as lawyer.
McCloy also played major role in forging pact on Vichy France Regime of pro-nazi Admiral Darlan.

3. Post-war period.

McCloy immediatily after war was invited by Nelson Rockefeller to join the family law firm. He accepted the offer and the firm became known as Milbank, Tweed, Hadley & McCloy . The law firm's most important client was the Rockefeller family's bank, and Chase National.
Now, as fair I dug out, Harrison Tweed was grandson of famous Boss Tweed . His daughter Katherine Winthrop Tweed was married to Archibald Bullock Roosevelt Jr, divorced after 10 years, Tweed Roosevelt only child. Other daughter Eleanor Winthrop Tweed was wed to Nelson Wilmarth Aldrich prominent American politician and a leader of the Republican Party in the Senate. His son Richard Steere Aldrich became a U.S. Representative, and his daughter, Abby, married John D. Rockefeller, Jr., the only son of John D. Rockefeller. Her son and his grandson Nelson Aldrich Rockefeller, served as Vice President of the United States under Gerald Ford.

In 1946 he took case, that in very high interest of Rockefeller family and concerned Standard Oil, which of John D. Rockefeller jr was single largest stockholder. In 1946 Harold Ickes claimed that Rockefeller was violating the terms of the 1911 dissolution decree. Two other anti-trust lawyers, Abe Fortas and Thurman Arnold, joined forces with Ickes to petition the Justice Department to investigate the matter. John J. McCloy, was asked to sort the matter out and by the autumn of 1946, he had persuaded Ickes, Fortas and Arnold to drop the matter.In 1947 McCloy was appointed president of the World Bank.

However, in 1949 he replaced Lucius Clay, as High Commissioner for Germany, he was back on familiar grounds with nearly dictatorial power.
He was person mainly responsible for letting nazi Lyon's overseer Klaus Barbie, known from his sadistic interrogations he was often performing himself. Icon of french resistance Jean Moulin was killed by him during one of those. US administration seen Barbie as a potential tool against communism, so he was recruited by Counter-Intelligence Corps, CIC. Barbie impressed his American handlers by infiltrating the Bavarian branch of the Communist Party. After war he was kept in one of CIC safe-houses in Germany. One of his handlers there was young private named Henry Kissinger.

Later Barbie also became operative in south-amerika for CIA and newly formed german intelligence. In forming which McCloy played major role.

In March 1950, McCloy was given the task of appointing a new head of the West German Secret Service. After discussing the matter with Frank Wisner of the CIA, McCloy decided on Reinhard Gehlen, the Nazi war criminal. This resulted in protests from the Soviet Union government who wanted to try Gehlen for war crimes.
During the Second World War Gehlen served Adolf Hitler as head of military intelligence for the Eastern Front. It was in this post he had created a right-wing group made up of anti-Soviet Ukrainians and other Slavic nationalists into small armies and guerrilla units to fight the Soviets. The group carried out some of the most extreme atrocities that took place during the war. Gehlen was also responsible for a brutal interrogation program of Soviet prisoners of war.

By 1950 McCloy began process of releasing people convicted in Nurymberg Trials, all for very serious crimes, all also connected to McCloy and people he represented. That was absolute violation of any given international law. First to go were Alfried Kruppe (from Kruppe AG ) and Friedrich Flick, both convicted for crimes against humanity, plunder and slave labour. Seems to me like he was checking public's reaction. They, and other 8 members of director's boards were released, their multi-million properties returned to them, which were earned during war time. They became richest men in Germany overnight, thanks to efforts of one man, John McCloy. There were rumours about percentage he received from restored assets. Very lawyer-like. He himself explained it this way:

"I can find no personal guilt in defendant Krupp, based upon the charges in this case, sufficient to distinguish him above all others sentenced by the Nuremberg courts. As one of the compelling motives of this review is to introduce a certain uniformity in the sentences, I have determined to eliminate this feature from the defendant Krupp's sentence..."

McCloy's decision was very controversial. Eleanor Roosevelt wrote to McCloy to ask: "Why are we freeing so many Nazis? Telford Taylor, who took part in the prosecution of the Nazi war criminals wrote: "Wittingly or not, Mr. McCloy has dealt a blow to the principles of international law and concepts of humanity for which we fought the war." Yet he was untouchable.
There was also another reason:

By 1950 the United States was involved in fighting the Cold War. In June of that year, North Korean troops invaded South Korea. It was believed that German steel was needed for armaments for the Korean War and in October, McCloy lifted the 11 million ton limitation on German steel production. McCloy also began pardoning German industrialists who had been convicted at Nuremberg. This included Fritz Ter Meer, the senior executive of I. G. Farben, the company that produced Zyklon B poison for the gas chambers. He was also Hitler's Commissioner of for Armament and War Production for the chemical industry during the war.

In October 1950, he commuted the five-year sentence of Baron Ernst von Weizsacker, who as a Nazi Foreign Office official had been convicted of complicity in the deportation of some six thousand Jews from France to Poland. In January of the following year, McCloy announced that five of the fifteen death sentences from the Nuremburg judgements would be carried out. He then reduced the sentences of sixty four of the remaining seventy four war criminals. One third of these were to be released immediately. He also reduced the sentences of all the remaining convicted doctors who had experimented on concentration camp inmates.

In 1952 American Council on Germany is being incorporated in New York, among the founders, Eric M. Warburg, Ellen McCloy (wife) and general Lucious Clay. John J. McCloy, was the founding Chairman and continued to serve until 1987. Another group of interest and political influence owne d by Rockefellers, very powerful in Germany (currently Robert M. Kimmitt serves as chairman, Rotschild's man).

After leaving Germany in 1953 McCloy became chairman of the Chase National (1953-60) and the Ford Foundation (1958-65). He also continued to work for Milbank, Tweed, Hadley & McCloy. The company was owned by the Rockefeller family and therefore McCloy became involved in lobbying for the gas and oil industry. In 1955 he leaded merger with Manhattan-Warburg bank, and created Chase-Manhattan.

He remained close with president Eisenhower, who he met and befriended in his Assistant Secretary of War times. There's interesting story of small farm Eisenhower bought in 1950, and all surounding areas were afterwards aquired by number of oil-milionares.

It was Eisenhower who first introduced McCloy to Sid Richardson and Clint Murchison. Soon afterwards, Chase Manhattan Bank began providing the men with low-interest loans. In 1954 McCloy worked with Richardson, Murchison and Robert R. Young in order to take control of the New York Central Railroad Company. The activities of these men caused a great deal of concern and the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) eventually held hearings about what was described as "highly improper" behaviour. The takeover was a disaster and Young committed suicide and New York Central eventually went bankrupt.

Then in 1956 McCloy participated in removing federal price control over natural gas. Thanks to Lyndon B. Johnson, huge advocate of Rockefellers interests already bill was pushed through, with participation of Sam Rayburn, but Eisenhower vetoed it and harshly criticized. Oil industry didn't like it a bit so negotiations begined. In 1957 Icke, with McCloy's suggestion, agreed to approve Robert B. Anderson, Rockefeller's man, in Secretary of Treasury, who then was appointed to a cabinet comitte to analyze oil situation. His program, favorizing oil giants is still pretty much in use today.

According to Jonathan Kwitny (Endless Enemies) from 1955 to 1963, Richardson, Murchison, and Rockefeller interests (arranged by John McCloy) and the International Basic Economy Corporation (100% owned by the Rockefeller family) gave "away a $900,000 slice of their Texas-Louisiana oil property" to Robert B. Anderson, Eisenhower's Secretary of the Treasury.

In 1961, he was President Kennedy's chief disarmament adviser and negotiator. He was chairman of the General Advisory Committee on Disarmament of the United States Arms Control and Disarmament Agency for next 12 years in matter of fact.
After president Kennedy was assasinated in Dallas, Lyndon B. Johnson discusses on telephone including John McCloy into newly formed investigation commision with J. Edgar Hoover. Hoover is sceptic, he points out he might be able to seek publicity. Here's recording of a conversation:

Now, this recording was what really stirred my interest in John McCloy initially. First of all, Hoover worrying about public opinion on such a matter? Secondly, nothing in McCloy's career would even indicates it, opposite, McCloy was deeply involved in intelligence operations in past and high-up in Rockefeller's empire, little known to public really, which suited him well. So I found this rather suspicious.
But only thread I found was this: In 50's McCloys lawyer's company aquired a client, the Nobel oil firm, whose interests in Czarist Russia had been managed by the father of George de Mohrenschildt, Lee and Marina Oswald's "best friend" in Dallas. Nobel Oil is still existing vast corporation, focused on drillings in Russia. Could be just a co-existence. But what we know for sure is that Nobel Enterprises was one of founding companies of IG Farben. There's also Frederick Warburg, senior partner of Kuhn Loeb, one of FED owners. His uncle Paul Warburg was one of creators of FED. Did Kennedy's suggestion to close it down could pushed them into action?

Interestingly McCloy DID NOT believe in theory of lone-gunman. At least that's what he expressed in conversation with his away, he also thought it was suspicious how swiftly Oswald got back into country after defecting. McCloy openly said to his wife that he had heard “a very realistic rumor” that Oswald was not a genuine defector and that he was sent to the Soviet Union by the CIA.
McCloy also complained to LBJ on lack of urgency in Commision's work. He was highly critical of FBI/Hoover's report.

At a meeting with J. Lee Rankin on 22nd January, 1964, McCloy was told that according to the Texas attorney general, Oswald had been an undercover agent of the FBI since September 1962. According to Rankin, his agent number was 179 and was being paid $200 a month.McCloy was also in communication with the Time-Life executive, C. D. Jackson, about the Zapruder film. Jackson sent McCloy blown-up transparencies of the film that revealed that John F. Kennedy and Connally had been hit by different bullets. McCloy also questioned Connally’s doctor at the hospital, who was also of the opinion that he had been hit by a separate bullet from Kennedy.

But that was just a smoke screen. Eventually McCloy took side of Gerald Ford and Allen Dulles, and convinced rest of Comittee, Russell, Boggs, Cooper to accept Warren Commision report, they did not believed in.

In 1964 McCloy played major part in overthrowing president of Brazil Joao Goulart. McCloy's one of most important client was M.A. Hanna Mining Company. Their CEO was George M. Humphrey, Eisenhower's Treasury Secretary. After being elected Goulart began to talk about nationalization of iron ore industry in Brazil.

Mining companies exploiting latin america didn't like that. McCloy was then asked to establish communication channel between CIA and Jack W. Burford, one of senior executives of the Hanna Mining. In February 1964 McCloy went to Brazil himself, to hold secret negotiations with Goulart, which failed. Following month LBJ gave go ahead to Operation Brother Sam, ending with Goulart on exile.

In 1975 McCloy established the McCloy Fund. The main purpose of this organization was to promote German-American relations. The initial funding came from German industrialists. In 1982, the chairman of the Krupp Foundation, Berthold Beitz, gave the McCloy Fund a $2 million grant.
Three years later, the president of Germany, Richard von Weizsacker, conferred honorary German citizenship on McCloy. He praised McCloy’s “human decency in helping the beaten enemy to recover” and his efforts to build “one of the free and prosperous countries in the world.” Weizsacker had good reason to be thankful to McCloy. His father was Ernst von Weizsacker, a leading official in Adolf Hitler’s government. He was found guilty of crimes against humanity at Nuremberg and sentenced to seven years. McCloy was the one who arranged for him to be released in 1950.

In January 1978 mass demonstration take place in Iran. McCloy was concerned about Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, and that he might be overthrowned. Well, he was one of his best and most faithful clients.

Pahlavi had personal account in Chase Manhatttan, which McCloy was still a charman, and also entire private family trust, Pahlavi Foundation was, in his hands. As one financial commentator pointed out: "Iran became the crown jewel of Chase's international banking portfolio." There was big loans still to be paid back.
So McCloy acted by meeting deputy director of CIA, Robert Bowie, and together developed thought that communist party Tudeh was behind protests. McCloy later organized campaign to persuade Jimmy Carter to protect Shah, backed by Rockefellers and Kissinger. So Jimmy Carter did. Unfortunately for them people of Iran prevailed and Reza Pahlavi fled the country on 1st Feb 1979. Then McCloy asked Carter to allow ex-Shah to stay in US, refused, so McCloy arranged stay in Bahamas.

Rockefeller also established the highly secret, Project Alpha. The main objective was to persuade Carter to provide a safe haven for Mohammad Reza Pahlavi (code-named "Eagle"). McCloy, Rockefeller and Kissinger were referred to as the "Triumvirate". Rockefeller used money from Chase Manhattan Bank to pay employees of Milbank, Tweed, Hadley & McCloy who worked on the project. Some of this money was used to persuade academics to write articles defending the record of Pahlavi. For example, George Lenczowski, professor emeritus at the University of California, was paid $40,000 to write a book with the "intention to answer the shah's critics".

Kissinger telephoned Zbigniew Brzezinski, National Security Advisor to Carter, on 7th April, 1979, and berated the president for his emphasis on human rights, which he considered to be "amateurish" and "naive". Brzezinski suggested he talked directly to Jimmy Carter. Kissinger called Carter and arranged for him to meet David Rockefeller, two days later. Gerald Ford also contacted Carter and urged him to "stand by our friends".

Carter eventually gave up, facing mounting charges from conservative press paid off by Rockefellers, and his own advisors.

In October, 1979, David Rockefeller's assistant, Joseph V. Reed, called the State Department and claimed that the Shah had cancer and needed immediate treatment in a U.S. medical facility. Cyrus Vance now told Carter that the Shah should be allowed in as a matter of "common decency". Carter's chief of staff, Hamilton Jordan, argued that if the Shah died outside the United States, Kissinger and his friends would say "that first you caused the Shah's downfall and now you've killed him." Carter replied: "What are you guys going to advise me to do if they overrun our embassy and take our people hostage?"

Faced with the now unanimous opposition of his closest advisers, the president reluctantly agreed to admit the Shah. He arrived at New York Hospital on 22nd October, 1979. Joseph V. Reed circulated a memo to McCloy and other members of Project Alpha: "Our mission impossible is completed. My applause is like thunder." Less than two weeks later, Iranian militants stormed the U.S. Embassy in Teheran and took hostage 66 Americans. Thus beginning the Iranian Hostage Crisis.

Then McCloy persuaded Carter to freeze Iran's assets. The Chase Manhattan bank was now allowed to seize all of Iran's accounts and used this money to "offset" any outstanding Iranian loans. Ending with huge profit for bank.

John Jay McCloy died in Stamford, Connecticut, on 11th March, 1989.

3.1. Epilogue.
If you, dear reader, managed to get here, without skipping so much, I have to say: I admire you! There's much more connections and events that I didn't included here, there's just too much out there, every single event have a background, and more more connections. For example McCloy was representing 23 different oil companies. I also completely excluded vast connections with FED. But if you're hungry for more I can give you advice. Take names of players in this immense game, cross-reference them with google. Those people tend to marry each other families, and even if it will be never proof of anything foul on their behalf, it certainly helps to realize the connections.
Connections are everything, as entire career of one John J. McCloy prooves best.
Over and out.
links, articles, books used in research
1 2
3 4 5 67
891011

Excellent thread. So many historical figures we only know them by wikipedia articles. With a top level player like McCloy it's needed to examine him and his connections in deep detail.
Here is some video of the man McCloy himself speaking about his role in the Warren Commission to Walter Cronkite.


And take a look at the date of his prestigious award, exactly 2 weeks after JFK was murdered.
On December 6, 1963, he was presented with the Presidential Medal of Freedom, with Special Distinction, by President Lyndon Johnson.