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Originally posted by Nygdan
...then the scots would breed with the english, passing some genes, including at time the haplogroup, then the english with the people of, say, brittany, normandy, france, etc etc, each population taking up and passing along genes at their periphery.
Historians have long believed the British Isles were invaded by Iron Age Celts from central Europe in about 500 BC. But geneticists at Dublin’s Trinity College now claim the Scots and Irish have as much, if not more, in common with the people of north-western Spain.
But Dr Bradley said that it was possible migrants moved from the Iberian peninsula as far back as 6,000 years ago and up until 3,000 years ago.
Instead, a research team at Oxford University has found the majority of Britons are Celts descended from Spanish tribes who began arriving about 7,000 years ago.
Prof Sykes divided the population into several groups or clans: Oisin for the Celts; Wodan for Anglo-Saxons and Danish Vikings; Sigurd for Norse Vikings; Eshu for people who share genetic links with people such as the Berbers of North Africa; and Re for a farming people who spread to Europe from the Middle East.
The study linked the male Y-chromosome to the birthplace of paternal grandfathers to try to establish a historic distribution pattern. Prof Sykes, a member of the Oisin clan, said the Celts had remained predominant in Britain despite waves of further migration.
According to Edmund Campion writing in 1571, at the court of King Amenophis of Egypt, Galamh married the king's daughter, Scota; when the pharaoh had drowned in the Red Sea, Galamh and his people wandered for many years before conquering Hispania (Iberia, or modern Portugal and Spain) and establishing the city of Brigantia.
It had been prophesied that Galamh's descendants would rule Ireland, but he himself never reached its shores, dying in Gallaecia (modern Galicia and northern Portugal) in the north-west of the Iberian Peninsula. One day, on looking out from the tower of Breogán, his uncle ĺth saw the island of Ireland (Hibernia) across the sea and decided to sail there with Scota: on arriving in Ireland he met the country's three kings - men of the Tuatha Dé Danann - and was killed by them. Out of vengeance, eight sons of Galamh (ie. sons of the Míl Espáine, thus Milesians) and nine brothers of Íth set out from their territory (said to have been around modern Bayonne in the Basque Country) and invaded Ireland.1
Numerous fragments of Irish pseudohistory are scattered throughout the seventh and eighth centuries, but the earliest extant account is to be found in the Historia Brittonum or "History of the Britons," written by the Welsh priest Nennius in 829-830. Nennius gives two separate accounts of early Irish history. The first consists of a series of successive colonisations from Iberia (Hispania, modern Portugal and Spain) by the pre-Gaelic races of Ireland, all of which found their way into LGE. The second recounts the origins of the Gael themselves, and tells how they in turn came to be the masters of the country and the ancestors of all the Irish.
The Tuatha Dé were descended from Nemed, leader of a previous wave of inhabitants of Ireland. They came from four northern cities, Falias, Gorias, Murias and Finias, where they acquired their occult skills and attributes. They arrived in Ireland, on or about May 1 (the date of the festival of Beltaine), on dark clouds, although later versions rationalise this by saying they burned their ships to prevent retreat, and the "clouds" were the smoke produced.
In Irish mythology, Nemed ("holy" or "privileged") son of Agnoman of Scythia was the leader of the third group of inhabitants of Ireland. They arrived in 2350 BC according to the chronology of the Annals of the Four Masters, 1731 BC according to Seathrún Céitinn's chronology.
In Irish mythology Partholón was the leader of the second group of people to settle in Ireland, the first to arrive after the biblical Flood. They arrived in 2680 BC according to the chronology of the Annals of the Four Masters, 2061 BC according to Seathrún Céitinn's chronology, and the time of Abraham according to Irish synchronic historians.
In Irish mythology, Cessair (or Ceasair) was the leader of the first inhabitants of Ireland before the Biblical Flood, in what may be a Christianisation of a legend that pre-dates the conversion, but may alternatively be the product of post-conversion pseudohistory.