It looks like you're using an Ad Blocker.
Please white-list or disable AboveTopSecret.com in your ad-blocking tool.
Thank you.
Some features of ATS will be disabled while you continue to use an ad-blocker.
US Nuclear Officials: Fuel fragments were likely ejected from cladding at the 3 Fukushima reactors — Particles of fuel resemble highly radioactive ‘mystery black substance’ often seen in Japan since 3/11 December 11, 2013 in Nuclear Crises - See more at: globalresearchreport.com... -of-fuel-resemble-highly-radioactive-mystery-black-substance-oft/#sthash.7gnrJsGv.dpuf
Fuel dispersal is the ejection of fuel fragments or particles through a rupture or opening in the cladding. […] Fuel fragmentation—that is, fracture of the fuel pellet into large fragments—appears to occur as soon as any meaningful amount of burnup is accumulated, as low as a few megawatt days per metric ton uranium. - See more at: globalresearchreport.com... -of-fuel-resemble-highly-radioactive-mystery-black-substance-oft/#sthash.7gnrJsGv.dpuf
Dr. Richard Davis: “Remember, there were multiple reactors … that blew up at Fukushima. They all had different kinds of isotopes that were involved — the MOX 3 obviously with plutonium which is a deadly, deadly material — so we have a mixture of toxins and poisons that are being emitted into the atmosphere, under the ground, seeping into the ground water, and now being flushed out into the Pacific ocean with the cooling that’s going on there in an unrestricted, unrestrained way. And it doesn’t surprise me that you’re seeing this plume now finally washing up on the shores of the Western part of the United States, Canada, and eventually this will become a global phenomenon as these sea waters mix and cross the equator and move into the Southern Hemisphere … Eventually Fukushima will become a planetary problem, not just a Pacific problem …
tested 1/10 of a gram of dust off a filter showing doubled background radiation with high concentration of Cesium 137, lead 210 and uranium and is a serious problem in Tokyo - many thousands of becquerels per kilogram in the dust and anyone changing filters need to be told they are hazardous...
An atom is unstable (radioactive) if these forces are unbalanced if the nucleus has an excess of internal energy. Unstable atoms are called radionuclides. The instability of a radionuclide's nucleus may result from an excess of either neutrons or protons. An unstable nucleus will continually vibrate and contort and, sooner or later, attempt to reach stability by some combination of means: • ejecting neutrons, and protons • converting one to the other with the ejection of a beta particle or positron • the release of additional energy by photon (i.e., gamma ray) emission.
”
Radionuclide decay chains are important in planning for the management and disposal of radioactive materials and waste and for site cleanup. As radioactive decay progresses, the concentration of the original radionuclides decreases, while the concentration of their decay products increases and then decreases as they undergo transformation.
Radiate: 1. To send out rays or waves. 2. To issue or emerge in rays or waves: Heat radiated from the stove. 3. To extend in straight lines from or toward a center; diverge or converge like rays: Spokes radiate from a wheel hub. 1. To emit (light, for example) in or as if in rays. 2. To send or spread out from or as if from a center: a cactus that radiates spines. 3. To irradiate or illuminate (an object).
Radiation: 1. The act or process of radiating: the radiation of heat and light from a fire. 2. Physics a. Emission and propagation and emission of energy in the form of rays or waves. b. Energy radiated or transmitted as rays, waves, in the form of particles. c. A stream of particles or electromagnetic waves emitted by the atoms and molecules of a radioactive substance as a result of nuclear decay. 3. a. The act of exposing or the condition of being exposed to such energy. b. The application of such energy, as in medical treatment.
Radioactivity: 1. Spontaneous emission of radiation, either directly from unstable atomic nuclei or as a consequence of a nuclear reaction. 2. The radiation, including alpha particles, nucleons, electrons, and gamma rays, emitted by a radioactive substance. (Nuclear Physics) the spontaneous emission of radiation from atomic nuclei. The radiation can consist of alpha, beta, and gamma radiation.
Ionizing radiation: High-energy radiation capable of producing ionization in substances through which it passes alpha radiation, alpha ray - the radiation of alpha particles during radioactive decay beta radiation, beta ray, electron radiation - radiation of beta particles during radioactive decay cosmic ray - highly penetrating ionizing radiation of extraterrestrial origin; consisting chiefly of protons and alpha particles; collision with atmospheric particles results in rays and particles of many kinds neutron radiation - radiation of neutrons (as by a neutron bomb) radiation - energy that is radiated or transmitted in the form of rays or waves or particles roentgen ray, X ray, X-radiation, X-ray - electromagnetic radiation of short wavelength produced when high-speed electrons strike a solid target
non-ionizing radiation: Refers to any type of electromagnetic radiation that does not carry enough energy per quantum to ionize atoms or molecules—that is, to completely remove an electron from an atom or molecule.[1] Instead of producing charged ions when passing through matter, the electromagnetic radiation has sufficient energy only for excitation, the movement of an electron to a higher energy state. The region at which radiation becomes considered as "ionizing" is not well defined, since different molecules and atoms ionize at different energies. The usual definitions have suggested that radiation with particle or photon energies less than 10 electronvolts (eV) be considered non-ionizing. Another suggested threshold is 33 electronvolts, which is the energy needed to ionize water molecules. The light from the Sun that reaches the earth is largely composed of non-ionizing radiation, since the ionizing far-ultraviolet rays have been filtered out by the gases in the atmosphere, particularly oxygen. The remaining ultraviolet radiation from the Sun is in the non-ionizing band, and causes molecular damage (for example, sunburn) by photochemical and free-radical-producing means that do not ionize.[2]
Natural background radiation: Radioactive material is found throughout nature. Detectable amounts occur naturally in soil, rocks, water, air, and vegetation, from which it is inhaled and ingested into the body. In addition to this internal exposure, humans also receive external exposure from radioactive materials that remain outside the body and from cosmic radiation from space. The worldwide average natural dose to humans is about 2.4 millisievert (mSv) per year.[1] This is four times more than the worldwide average artificial radiation exposure, which in the year 2008 amounted to about 0.6 mSv per year. In some rich countries like the US and Japan, artificial exposure is, on average, greater than the natural exposure, due to greater access to medical imaging. In Europe, average natural background exposure by country ranges from under 2 mSv annually in the United Kingdom to more than 7 mSv annually in Finland.
Cigarettes contain polonium-210, originating from the decay products of radon, which stick to tobacco leaves. Heavy smoking results in a radiation dose of 160 mSv/year to localized spots at the bifurcations of segmental bronchi in the lungs from the decay of polonium-210. This dose is not readily comparable to the radiation protection limits, since the latter deal with whole body doses, while the dose from smoking is delivered to a very small portion of the body. Please note the distinction between a whole body dose and a localized dose.
wishes
Wish I'd found this sooner, would have saved you all that explaining about radiation.Is an excellent and informative summary from NOAA documents:
www.youtube.com...
Steven Starr, University of Missouri, Fukushima Gov't Lies, Deceit and Death
Human0815
reply to post by RickinVa
Only 1000 Days left to kill 140.000.000 Japanese!
.... That's just plain stupid...I don't think there even are that many people in Japan.
JAPAN, 140 MILLION DEAD WITHIN 5 YEARS
The operator of the crippled Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant says it has found water pouring into a drain inside the number 3 reactor building. Tokyo Electric Power Company says it is yet to determine where the water comes from, or how much radioactive material it contains.
Caesium or cesium[note 1] is a chemical element with symbol Cs and atomic number 55. It is a soft, silvery-gold alkali metal with a melting point of 28 °C (82 °F), which makes it one of only five elemental metals that are liquid at or near room temperature.[note 2] Caesium is an alkali metal and has physical and chemical properties similar to those of rubidium and potassium. The metal is extremely reactive and pyrophoric, reacting with water even at −116 °C (−177 °F). It is the least electronegative element with a stable isotope, caesium-133. Caesium is mined mostly from pollucite, while the radioisotopes, especially caesium-137, a fission product, are extracted from waste produced by nuclear reactors.
Human0815
reply to post by RickinVa
Do you use some of your valuable Time to study ALPS?
(The Water System in Fukushima)