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Let's start with the basics. You can get several kinds of immunity. The broadest is transactional immunity. A witness with transactional immunity is immune from criminal prosecution for all conduct (transactions) discussed in the testimony. Use immunity is the narrowest. A witness with use immunity can't have her testimony used against her but may be prosecuted for the conduct she testifies about based on independent evidence. In the middle is "use and derived use" immunity, which means neither the testimony nor information derived from the testimony can be used against the witness in a criminal prosecution.
Formal immunity is granted by a court, usually to reluctant witnesses. The Fifth Amendment prevents a witness from being compelled to testify against himself. Often a witness called before a grand jury will refuse to answer certain questions on Fifth Amendment grounds, even though his testimony is crucial to a case against someone else. Formal immunity (sort of) solves this problem. Section 6002 of Title 18 of the United States Code says a witness can't refuse to testify if the court has granted him immunity. By statute, only a U.S. attorney — a federal prosecutor — can request immunity, and only with the approval of the attorney general or certain others in the attorney general's office. If the U.S. attorney requests immunity, the court pretty much has to grant it. The kind of immunity granted is use and derived use immunity. If the witness refuses to testify after it has been granted, the court can hold him in contempt.
Formal immunity is no help with witnesses the authorities want to question before convening a grand jury — for example, if they need information to find a fugitive or get a warrant. That's where informal immunity agreements come into play. The prosecution and the witness can agree to just about any kind of immunity they want, and the agreement will be enforced like any other contract, with one caveat: Unlike a formal grant of immunity, immunity agreements entered into by the federal government aren't binding on the states — see www.usdoj.gov...
Now to your question — can the President enter into an immunity agreement with a potential witness? Probably yes, but two troubling possibilities arise. First, what if federal prosecutors won't play ball? Can the President simply order the U.S. attorney not to prosecute? This is more complicated than it seems. Many scholars contend that, George W. Bush's protestations notwithstanding, the President in many contexts is not the decider regarding federal prosecutions — he's authorized to appoint and remove deciders, but his job is to supervise.
A more recent example is the the infamous Saturday Night Massacre during the Watergate scandal, when Richard Nixon instructed his subordinates to dismiss the special prosecutor. Both Attorney General Elliot Richardson and Deputy Attorney General William Ruckelshaus refused the order and were promptly fired. Nixon finally appointed Solicitor General Robert Bork, who did the deed. The Washington Post noted that this "immediately raised prospects that the President himself might be impeached or forced to resign" [link].
Eyes Wide Shut style, as a way to blackmail him in the future.
Originally posted by butcherguy
reply to post by Afterthought
I just looked at an article on The Hill.com that cleared things up just a bit. It is the SENATE committee that he has been 'excused' from. Yes, the Senate committee, chaired by a Democratic Senator.
ETA: If Petraeus is on Obama's side in this thing, wouldn't they want him before that committee? Let's see what happens in the House, where the Democratic Party isn't making the decisions. That is, if Petraeus doesn't have an unfortunate accident or commits 'suicide'.edit on 10-11-2012 by butcherguy because: (no reason given)
Reuters says Petraeus was scheduled to testify next week behind closed doors to the House and Senate intelligence committees about the Benghazi events, however he will now not give that testimony.
CNN says CIA Acting Director Michael Morrell will now testify in Petraeus' place, according to officials.
Maybe Obama has granted Patraeus immunity?
Originally posted by butcherguy
reply to post by Afterthought
Maybe Obama has granted Patraeus immunity?
Obama may be able to assert Executive Privilege, if Petraeus is still on his team.
MY WIFE’S LOVER My wife is having an affair with a government executive. His role is to manage a project whose progress is seen worldwide as a demonstration of American leadership. (This might seem hyperbolic, but it is not an exaggeration.) I have met with him on several occasions, and he has been gracious. (I doubt if he is aware of my knowledge.) I have watched the affair intensify over the last year, and I have also benefited from his generosity. He is engaged in work that I am passionate about and is absolutely the right person for the job. I strongly feel that exposing the affair will create a major distraction that would adversely impact the success of an important effort. My issue: Should I acknowledge this affair and finally force closure? Should I suffer in silence for the next year or two for a project I feel must succeed? Should I be “true to my heart” and walk away from the entire miserable situation and put the episode behind me? NAME WITHHELD
Congressional Republicans have mercilessly hammered the White House over its initial claims the attack was the result of an anti-American protest gone violently wrong, only later admitting the strike was the work of Libyan terrorists.
To say Paula Broadwell is an overachiever is an understatement. She grew up in North Dakota, graduated from West Point and worked in military intelligence. She studied Arabic in the Middle East—Jordan in particular—and specialized in counterinsurgency, counterterrorism, and geopolitical analysis.
Originally posted by butcherguy
reply to post by jefwane
Might be worth starting another thread so that it isn't lost in the shuffle here.
Interesting info, first I heard of it. Thanks for bringing it.
Originally posted by Stormdancer777
Some interesting things about Paula,
www.thedailybeast.com...
To say Paula Broadwell is an overachiever is an understatement. She grew up in North Dakota, graduated from West Point and worked in military intelligence. She studied Arabic in the Middle East—Jordan in particular—and specialized in counterinsurgency, counterterrorism, and geopolitical analysis.
www.thedailybeast.com...