Some have already beat around this, But I want to make a few points.
1. The fighting on Okinawa (a Japanesse Island) was of a brutality and fanatisicm that the 1 million US/Allied Casualty mark was taken very seriously
at the time, and was in part based on this. As were estimates of several million Japanesse civillians, who also fought, or committed suicide and
infanticide rather then be occupied.
2. How close the Japanesse were to surrender is a matter of debate. Someone already mentioned the military was about to overthrow the Emperor just to
keep fighting.
3.Even with a blockade and/or invasion, some estimates had up to 10 more years of guerilla war would be required to subdue Japan.
All three very good, researched and factual reasons we dropped the bomb.
NOW:
As far as the following:
We wanted to warn the russians
We wanted to show the world what we could do
We wanted to punish Japan
Etc...
I would say all of those WERE TRUE.....but they were very secondary to finishing the war, quickly.
I think , revisionist history has turned this into (LOOK, US WAR CRIME,LOOK! US ONLY ONES TO USE WMD) etc. But in the context of the time....those
that even KNEW about the bomb didn't view it as we do today. It was just another weapon. In fact, the fire bombing raids on Tokyo, Yokahama, and other
major Japanesse cities caused far worse damage and killed far more people (directly, I am not counting radiation, which incidently, bomb effects of
fallout and radiation were not well understood at the time) It's just those raids took 300+aircraft vs 1 aircraft. There was debate about using it
and it's well documented. But for most it came down to simple numbers, it's going to cost X amount in lives, treasure, money and time to invade, but
we can end it RIGHT NOW with these two bombs.
We look at nuclear weapons differently now....
The consequences of radiation are well understood,
The weapons are far bigger today. The WWII bombs were about 14 kilotons, that's a realtively small bomb by today's standards.
Retaliation is a threat, an almost instant threat by ICBM. No one could have done that then and even a retalitory strike could have been shot down or
negotiated out before the weapon arrived.
All of those really did NOT factor into the discussion back then. Had they of, the decision MIGHT have been different.
But trying to look at this and discount the VIEWPOINT and CONTEXT of the time is intellectually dishonest.
If there was another factor at the time it is the President Truman (D) was afraid that if he invaded Japan, and it came out he had a "superbomb" he
didn't use, how was he going to explain to a million dead boys' mothers their sons could have been alive. He would have not only been impeached, but
maybe prosecuted. That may sound like to much of a "political" reason, but it indeed was very real then.
One other interesting point. The invasion plans were SERIOUSLY considering the use of Chemical Weapons just to keep casualties down. Other invasion
plans looked potentially at using one of the atomic bombs tacticaly. So even if we hadn't dropped the bombs on the cities, they or Chem weapons would
have almost certainly been used.
Operation Downfall:
en.wikipedia.org...
Also to note, the Japansese were also working on an atomic bomb of their own, and some reports (although widely debated) suggest a small device was
actually tested.
If we had invaded, or blockaded, if you don't think they would have used one as soon as they got one, you are crazy.
en.wikipedia.org...
It's a different world now, and your looking at this through those eyes.......not the eyes of a generation thathad taken on the burden of preventing
Nazi and Fascist take over.
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