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Science has always created problems for traditional ways of seeing things, but now the very attributes that make us human--free will, the permanence of personal identity, the existence of the soul--are threatened by the science of the mind. If the mind is the brain, and therefore a physical object subject to deterministic laws, how can we have free will? If most of our thoughts and impulses are unconscious, how can we be morally responsible for what we do? If brains and bodies undergo relentless change, how can our identities be constant? The Problem of the Soul shows the way out of these paradoxes. Framing the conflict in terms of two dominant visions of the mind--the "manifest image" of humanistic philosophy and theology, and the scientific image--Owen Flanagan demonstrates that there is common ground, and that we need not give up our ideas of moral responsibility and personal freedom in order to have an empirically sound view of the human mind. This is a profoundly relevant work of philosophy for the common reader.
In the early expansion of the universe, there must have been a close balance between the expansive energy (driving things apart) and the force of gravity (pulling things together). If expansion dominated then matter would fly apart too rapidly for condensation into galaxies and stars to take place…(The possibility of our existence) requires a balance between the effects of expansion and contraction which at a very early epoch in the universe’s history (The Planck time) has to differ from equality by not more than 1 in 10*60 . The numerate (mathematical) will marvel at such a degree of accuracy. For the non-numerate, I will borrow an illustration from Paul Davies of what that accuracy means. He points out that it is the same as aiming at a target an inch wide on the other side of the observable universe, twenty thousand million light years away, and hitting the mark.[9]
Further, it should be understood that every effect must resemble its cause. This is because, simply put, you cannot give what you do not have, so it is impossible for an effect to possess something its originating cause did not have. That being the case, how can one believe that an impersonal, amoral, purposeless, and meaningless universe accidentally created beings that are full of personality, morals, meaning, and purpose? Only mind can create mind. In the end it is either matter before mind or mind before matter, and all scientific, philosophical, and reasonable evidence points to the latter.
Originally posted by AllIsOne
The Problem Of The Soul by Owen Flanagan.
This is the most profound, challenging, difficult, disturbing book I've ever read about neuroscience and its direct implications regarding "spirituality". There are a lot of commonly accepted assumptions in this thread. After you read it, you would think differently about the Cartesian worldview.
Science has always created problems for traditional ways of seeing things, but now the very attributes that make us human--free will, the permanence of personal identity, the existence of the soul--are threatened by the science of the mind. If the mind is the brain, and therefore a physical object subject to deterministic laws, how can we have free will? If most of our thoughts and impulses are unconscious, how can we be morally responsible for what we do? If brains and bodies undergo relentless change, how can our identities be constant? The Problem of the Soul shows the way out of these paradoxes. Framing the conflict in terms of two dominant visions of the mind--the "manifest image" of humanistic philosophy and theology, and the scientific image--Owen Flanagan demonstrates that there is common ground, and that we need not give up our ideas of moral responsibility and personal freedom in order to have an empirically sound view of the human mind. This is a profoundly relevant work of philosophy for the common reader.
Source: www.amazon.com...=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1346118960&sr=1-1&keywords=the+problem+of+the+s oul
Originally posted by MamaJ
reply to post by gosseyn
Thanks! I'm not sure where to start, but I will begin with what I think the Universe is and expand on the thought.
I see the Universe filled with matter, energy, light, and so on. I see it as alive just as I see the Earth and the other planets alive. They, we, are all made up of the same things.
We, like the Universe are a reflection of light that is expressing itself in many ways.
The Universe seems to be an expanding expression. Literature of all kinds teach me about expression and how the living matter, not yet expounded on the non living matter, expresses it self.
All objects emit electromagnetic radiation as well.
Matter, then could also be said to be an expression of thought!
We see matter can blink in and out of existence. The nature ( key word nature) of matter is to express... To come in and out of self expressing that which it/we think.
Once the thought comes in, Our voices send off harmonic waves of the highest light forms and each vibration then manifests in the material world.
The laws that govern are governed for the good of nature whether it's seen in us, another living creature, plant, atom, Universe, and so on.
The human can be said to be of mind, body and soul. We are half material and half light, expressing in many ways.
The only " right" way of expression is our perception of how the order of nature should be.
We are matter that's a transferable energy with each expression we give to the seen world, and to the unseen world because the Universal law here is cause and effect.
For the religious Christain person it can be viewed from the Bible that creation began, before man. God was said to be void, then a thought aroused within, he spoke,he moved, and this flow continues today. God is then seen to be expressing himself through matter and or creation of the very first expression.
The Bible then becomes stories ( expressions) of mankind and the struggles man has undergone since the beginning of.... Man.
When the term was used, " I am", it was an expression.
" I am" , The First Adam ( atom) (Jesus, joshua, what ever entity you associate him with) ... He was asked to name objects as an expression....
" Name it" you are, I am, we are...... An expression.
I'm sitting outside on my deck, typing this. I see my deck is worn out and needs to be sealed. To me, it's a way of expression through the worn out wood that it needs to be tended to. My tomatoe plants are expressing them self with the blooms, and now comes the fruitation. I see it, in all it's glory and cannot wait to taste it! When I look at the tomatoe plant though, it is expressing something to me. It's an expression all on its own, but with me being the owner/ observer I can take commune with it and know that I too see the expression it's sending.
It's going to be tasty! Right?
With that said though.... There are probabilities. It could rain, I could water it, I could water it too much, I could neglect it, it could become dis eased and so on. Even though I KNOW the nature of the plant, there are possible outcomes and many factors are at play.
What I do with the expression/ expressions indeed matters.
Originally posted by MamaJ
Expressions tend to inspire as well, hence the spiritual, philosophical ideas, science and so on.
It's just the nature of all that is and ever will be, in my opinion. If we can see it, it can be an expression, that ultimately inspires the spirit IF it is good with the nature.
The balance is what I'm seeing is off not only with this planet but every living thing.
Originally posted by MamaJ
reply to post by rwfresh
This is why I love ATS, I can be understood!
Thank you for the kind words!
A phone call or a visit with a friend of mine can be had, conveyed thoughts can pass back and forth but the understanding is not there. It can be frustrating sometimes!
The story of humankind seems to be playing out. I would blame it on the powers that be, but they are not that powerful in the grand scheme of things.
They did not create our nature nor did they create the cosmos..... This is their story as well.
I could be totally wrong as our perceptions are different and another poster may not see the same thing, but it hit me so hard and I couldn't stop thinking about it yesterday. Words kept coming into my head.
It was wild!!
Originally posted by BlueMule
reply to post by SplitInfinity
How would that explain PK or crisis apparitions?
Originally posted by AllIsOne
reply to post by gosseyn
Basically, brain matter is capable of producing all the phenomena that we would commonly associate with mind, and soul. Flanagan thinks the soul is a myth - and he has plenty of evidence to support his claim.
Neuroscience has made many leaps, but it is still in its infancy. I cannot even imagine what we will know about the brain in ten years.
Originally posted by gosseyn
Originally posted by AllIsOne
reply to post by gosseyn
Basically, brain matter is capable of producing all the phenomena that we would commonly associate with mind, and soul. Flanagan thinks the soul is a myth - and he has plenty of evidence to support his claim.
Neuroscience has made many leaps, but it is still in its infancy. I cannot even imagine what we will know about the brain in ten years.
Yes, it is exactly what I wanted to say with this thread. There is a whole tangible universe that we haven't yet completely understood, still there are people who like to jump to final conclusions and invoke an "immaterial realm". I would say that this is the story of science through the centuries : always redefining and pushing the frontiers, and there have always been people to invent fairy tales to describe what lies behind those temporary frontiers.
And to be clear, I am not saying that an immaterial realm which would be completely different in nature from the material realm doesn't exist, but I am saying that so far, we have no reason to assume that there's one.
I guess I am the perfect agnostic on this one.