A history of the Sun and Humanity,
Off site content
"Space weather has a long history because it spans the life of the sun and earth and all
the significant changes that have occurred between these bodies over the course of
billions of years.
13.4 billion years - Universe formed with hydrogen and helium: the basic elements of the sun
12.5 billion years - Formation of Milky Way nearly completed: Heavy elements created
8.0 billion years - Major episode of star formation in solar neighborhood
6.8 billion years - The star Alpha Centauri is formed
4.9 billion years - Oldest meteorite forms
4.58 billion years - Most consistent age for formation of sun
4.54 billion years - Age of Earth
4.4 billion years - Sun stabilizes as a star with only 70% current brightness
3.5 billion years - Earth day is 15 hours long
3.0 billion years - Oldest record of Earth's magnetic field
3.0 billion years - Sun grows in brightness to 80% of current level.
2.5 billion years - Earth's atmosphere contains oxygen
2.0 billion years - Solar luminosity is now 85% of current level.
1.0 billion years - First fossil evidence for rainfall.
900 million years - Length of day is now 18 hours long.
750 million years - Large ice packs cover earth nearly to equator
543 million years - Cambrian Explosion of complex organisms.
500 million years - Solar luminosity only 6% less than today.
450 million years - Ordovician Extinction
400 million years -Devonian Extinction
360 million years - Air-breathing fish leave water, become first land animals.
320 million years - First ancestors to mammals appear
300 million years - Solar luminosity only 3% less than today.
250 million years - Permian Mass extinction
125 million years - Oldest known flowering plants
110 million years - First birds appear
100 million years -Earth's magnetic field three times stronger than today
65 million years - Cretaceous Dinosaur Extinction
60 million years - Primitive primates appear
55 million years - Major global warming episode
27 million years - Primitive apes emerge
6 million years - Great Apes and Hominids 'split' genetically
2 million years - Tool-making humanoid ancestors emerge
750,000 years - End of last magnetic reversal
500,000 years - First evidence of fire usage
400,000 years - First use of paint by human ancestors
150,000 years - Neanderthal's appear
130,000 years - Beginning of Eemian Interglacial age
100,000 years - Modern humans appear
77,000 years - Oldest cave art appears in South Africa
50,000 years - Major change in human behavior, art, tools
45,000 years - Largest animals disappear from human habitats
28,000 years - Neanderthal's disappear 25,000 years - Elaborate burial customs appear
20,000 years - Start of last Ice Age
17,000 years - Oldest star map created on cave wall.
12,000 years - Ice Age ends. Earth grows warmer.
10,000 years - Humans colonize North America. Large mammals vanish.
8,000 BC - Oldest city, Jericho, has 2000 inhabitants
7,000 BC - Fired pottery invented
5,600 BC - The Black Sea Flood
4,236 BC - Egyptian Calendar begins.
3,700 BC - Megalithic stone graves appear in Denmark.
3,500 BC - First Sumerian writing appears.
3,400 BC - Invention of the wheel.
3,100 BC - First work on Stonehenge begins
2,700 BC - First pyramids built in Egypt.
2,500 BC - Development of Chinese characters
2,357 BC - Chinese record mention the Pleiades star cluster.
2,134 BC - Chinese astrologers beheaded because they failed to predict a solar eclipse
2,000 BC - Chinese report aurora sightings
1,600 BC - Sun disk and star map created in Germany
1,500 BC - Sighting of first supernova by ancient Chinese
1,375 BC - First solar eclipse recorded in Babylon.
1,111 BC - First naked-eye solar flares possibly sighted by Chinese
800 BC - First sunspots sighted by Chinese
763 BC - Solar eclipse mentioned in Old Testament
467 BC - Anaxagoras possibly sees a sunspot.
431 BC - Thucydides reports seeing stars during total solar eclipse
239 BC - Chinese first to record Halley's Comet
37 AD - Julius Caesar sends troops to pursue an 'aurora' seen in the north.
93 AD - Description of aurora as 'meteors' in Scotland
500 AD - First report of naked-eye sunspot by Chinese
513 AD - Report of naked-eye sunspot by Chinese
786 AD - Report of naked-eye sunspot by Chinese
807 AD - Report of naked-eye sunspot by Chinese
887 AD - Report of naked-eye sunspot by Chinese
925 AD - Report of naked-eye sunspot by Chinese
968 AD - First report of solar corona seed during total solar eclipse
1054 AD - Crab Supernova seen by Chineese
1118 AD - Report of naked-eye sunspot by Chinese
1128 AD - First sketch of sunspot sighted in England
1138 AD - Report of naked-eye sunspot by Chinese
1185 AD - First sighting of solar prominence by Russian observers
1235 AD - North England auroral sighting mentioned in Holinshed's Chronicle "
source(
www.solarstorms.org...
edit on 30-12-2011 by diamondsmith because: f