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"Relatively little energy is therefore required in order to excite them out of their virtual state. In principle, one could also create other particles from vacuums such as electrons or protons, but that would require a lot more energy."
Originally posted by masterp
Doesn't this discovery violate the physics theorem that the universe is a closed system i.e. no energy from the outside can enter the system? aren't the photons coming from the vacuum extra energy?
Originally posted by Frostmore
Originally posted by DangerDeath
The whole experiment is about revision of physical laws as we were made to believe to be for real. They are not for real and the Laws of Thermodynamics are fake. That is the significance of this experiment.
The laws of physics can't be fake, they are just the best model we have to describe observable phenomena. There is no scientist trying to deceive you, just a model that may or not describe the world correctly. New observations are made that contradict a model? You revise it or make a new one. Even today, physicists use models that they know are partly wrong, but they are good at describing certain aspects, so they still use them until something better comes along.
@DangerDeath: What about theories that describe the universe as existing in a matter-antimatter equilibrium before big bang? This explains how it could burst out from nothing as quantum fluctuations disturbed the balance.
Originally posted by ChaoticOrder
But if thermodynamics states that energy can't be destroyed, wouldn't this be like bringing new energy into the Universe? Regardless of how much energy they used to excite the virtual particles into becoming real, none of it would be destroyed. Perhaps maybe the energy is being transferred into the virtual particles, but if that were the case then they're not really pulling photons from nothing, they're using existing energy and turning it into photons.
Originally posted by CLPrime
reply to post by Dagar
Now ask how much energy went into getting those virtual photons to hang around long enough to measure them. The energy expended is far greater than that of the photons. Pulling them out of the vacuum, so-to-speak, violates nothing.
Originally posted by Lifthrasir
Anyway, this experiment is fascinating and I am very glad that this vacuum fluctuation phenomena has been, at least, observed and measured. Some say that this phenomena violates the Second Law of Thermodynamics, but I would hypothesize that these particles arise from either quantum reactions, the kind we haven't yet observed, or come from interactions that occur between universes on a quantum level. Personally, I hypothesize that matter and energy are transferred between universes all the time.
Originally posted by spikey
reply to post by DangerDeath
Agreed DD.
And if i may say so, congrats on the use of the word 'tendentiously'!
First time i'd ever seen the word, so thanks for that.
Your thinking seems to be on a par with my own, judging from your post.
To boil it down, i'd say Human arrogance has been our biggest obstacle to progress, whether that is scientifically based arrogance, political, theological or personal.
It's this that has underpinned our biggest failure to imagine the fantastic, and then build it.
In the philosophy of thermal and statistical physics, Maxwell's demon is a thought experiment created by the Scottish physicist James Clerk Maxwell to "show that the Second Law of Thermodynamics has only a statistical certainty."[1] It demonstrates Maxwell's point by hypothetically describing how to violate the Second Law: A container is divided into two parts by an insulated wall, with a door that can be opened and closed by what came to be called "Maxwell's demon"; the demon opens the door to allow only the "hot" molecules of gas to flow through to a favored side of the chamber, causing that side to gradually heat up while the other side cools down.