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We just saw a huge two-year gain in productivity – the amount of goods and services produced per worker. In 2009, it rose by 3.5 percent, and last year we saw a 3.6 percent increase, the largest in eight years.
At the same time, labor costs – the value of wages and benefits – have seen their steepest decline since 1962-'63.
PRICE AND WAGE FLEXIBILITY
The classical theory proposes that all markets reequilibrate because of adjustments in prices and wages which are flexible. For instance, if an excess in the labor force or products exist, the wage or price of these will adjust to absorb the excess.
If prices and wages are flexible, markets reequilibrate. If, for instance, many people are unemployed, firms can hire workers at lower wages; but, hiring more workers precisely reduces unemployment.
INVOLUNTARY UNEMPLOYMENT
The classical theory proposes that no involuntary unemployment will exist because an adjustment in the wage rate will assure that the unemployed will be hired again. In addition, the need of workers to buy goods will encourage them to accept work at even the lower wage rates.
If wages are flexible as the classical economists argue, then a decrease in wages does allow firms to hire more workers. Only those who are reluctant to work for lower wages would then remain unemployed.
CLASSICAL-KEYNESIAN CONTROVERSY
Keynesian employment theory is built on a critique of the classical theory. In this critique, Keynes argued that savers and investors have incompatible plans which may not assure that an equilibrium exists in the money market, that prices and wages tend to be rigid and equilibrium may not exist in the product and labor markets, and that periods of severe unemployment have occurred (which the classical theory denied).
The Keynesian theory was developed in the wake of the great depression. It was very hard to argue then that only voluntary unemployment can exist as millions of workers were out of work.
Originally posted by ignant
... middle-class Americans are already an endangered species..
you either live in a tent/cardboard box, or in lavish luxury these days ...
It is actually cheaper to produce both cars and computers in Brazil. As they have the cheaper labor, cheaper resources and cheaper production facilities. You like most economists who do not follow Marshallian theory do not properly place all variables into the equation and go on some mixed equation of false idea that Smithian without Marshallian theories actually works when dealing with countries of high Marxists theories. Let me explain:
Your idea of comparative advantage does not take away high paying jobs or create unemployment is easily rebutted by a Smithian Marshallian Economic Reality principle non professional economists. As such, enough theory rebuttal on to the good stuff.