During the 1930s arose two prominent populist movements in the United States. Even though the policy differences were great both were considered to be
part of the ‘Old Right’. It was a coalition of Agrarians, Libertarians, Individualists, Isolationists, and pro-business but anti-New Deal
Republicans and Democrats. The line was drawn in the sand, on the Left sat Franklin Roosevelt and the New Deal people, groups, and organizations. On
the Right sat Robert Taft and the anti-New Deal people, groups, and organizations. At this time Liberalism took on an all new form, so did
Conservatism. Prior to 1933 Liberalism mean bourgeois classical liberalism which both parties believed in, alongside the elements of Progressivism and
Conservatism. These Liberals who were suddenly labeled Conservatives, which at the time was an epithet because it was equated with the English Tories,
finally created the Conservative Coalition to fight New Deal Liberalism.
But in the Old Right it was not merely the Libertarian Individualists and their former enemies, pro-Business Republicans and Democrats, but also the
Populists which were opposed to the New Deal. Many of them were enthusiastic New Deal supporters at first but then abandoned it as a failure for
whatever reasons. One notable group which joined the Old Right under these circumstances was the followers of Father Charles Coughlin. At the time he
was slandered as an anti-Semite, a Nazi sympathizer, and all other terms used against the large grassroots opposition to intervention into World War
II, and yes most Americans opposed any intervention or selling of arms to Britain until Pearl Harbor. Not just that but the Federal Reserve was often
a target of populist anger; sound familiar?
These populists are who I want to focus on. There were two types, the simply non-interventionists led de facto by Charles Lindbergh and the Father
Coughlin unionists. Both of these movements were focused on one particular idea: Isolationism. Take for example Father Coughlin’s campaign slogan:
“Less care for internationalism and more concern for national prosperity.” What was strange in regards to Father Coughlin leading a Populist
movement was that he was Roman Catholic. Even during the Kennedy years a very large rural distrust of Catholics was still apparent, yet this distrust
was probably broken down in the ‘30s by Father Coughlin. Could you imagine, a Roman Catholic Priest leading a populist movement in what was
considered by the people of that day to be a Protestant nation?
Charles Lindbergh was a noted opponent of the gradual build up to war and the silencing of opposition by the media, Democrats, and the administration
which caused him to join the America First Committee, an Isolationist organization opposed to the war. These people were labeled traitors, Nazi
sympathizers, anti-Semites, anti-Americans, and many were fired from their jobs, harassed by friends and family. This could be done in part by the
massive propaganda campaign which was occurring, in movie theatres before the film would come on it would have messages about the war; it was designed
to brainwash the people into following the government off a cliff.
Well enough of me talking I am sure you would like to hear what these two populists had to say back in the 1930s. Luckily there is video and audio of
some speeches, below are the ones I found on YouTube.
Father Charles Coughlin
Charles Lindbergh
Huey Long