Hello Ladies and Gentlemen.
This is the first of a multi-part series into all the aspects of Global Banking and World Domination. This Thread covers the History of Banking on a
surface level from Hammurabi to Reagan. Specific information within this post has purposely been left out because they fit better in other parts of
the series, for instance, Hitler being a Rothschild will be covered in “The Players”, current events will be covered in “Where are we Now”,
and the connection of the specific Families to every Central Bank on the planet will be covered in “World Domination”.
The links provided within this thread are mostly to Wikipedia for a basic reference. There are a few within the thread leading to specific information
dealing with the topic being discussed, however, where I found the information is contained in the list of references at the end of this thread.
Please enjoy this first installment.
Agarta
"So you think that
money is the root of all
evil.
Have you ever asked what is the root of all money?" -
Ayn Rand
Hammurabi (1792-1750 BC) was considered the greatest king of
Babylonia
, he reigned as the sixth King during the
first Babylonian dynasty,
and created an empire north from the Persian Gulf through the Tigris and Euphrates river valleys and west to the shores of the Mediterranean Sea.
Although he was a great military leader and administrator of his realm, Hammurabi is mostly remembered for his structure of the law governing Babylon,
called the
Code of Hammurabi (the earliest known formal law
structure). Banks were held to the standards of the Code of Hammurabi. They were very different than they are today, as deposits were not of money,
but of livestock, grain or other crops and later, Gold and Silver.
The worlds first
banks were
merchants,
they made
loans to farmers and traders that carried goods and wares between cities and
marketplaces. Banking activities were important enough in Babylonia, that written records of practice were considered necessary.
During the
Babylonian occupation of Judah(586-538 BCE), a man named
Jacob Egibi brought us one step closer
to what we have today. He began a business of loaning out money with an interest rate. He is also credited with the invention of private banking
during the Reign of
King Kandalanu of Babylon (circa 648-625 B.C.) , and found it very
profitable. By the time the occupation ended, many other people in captivity with the
Egibi family learned this banking style and started their own
private banks.
During the
Persian period, loan sharking
became a business where interest rates of anywhere from 30-50% were charged. The writings of the
Roman historian Tacitus , tells us that during the reigns of
Caesar Augustus (27 BC - 14 AD) and
Tiberius (14-32 AD) records of the
Roman Empire lenders, were based in
temples, they would make loans with interest, but also began accepting deposits and changing money to their arsenal. At this time,
ancient China and
ancient
India began the independent development of lending of money, separately. By the time that
Constantine created Christianity as a legal religion, the church had amassed a
very strong following and forced the return of not accepting usury(interest)
...if any man is found taking usury, his lands will be confiscated, and he will be banished from England...
Alfred the Great, King of Wessex ; 849-901 A.D.
When the western Roman Empire fell, banking continued to thrive in Egypt, Byzantium, and the Arab nations of the Red Sea.
King William founded the English monarchy on October 14, 1066, AD..
In 1067 AD., William created the
“Corporation of the City of London”.
This area of London has privileges that do not apply to the Greater London area, or anywhere else in the British Empire for that matter. The
"City"(known today as the
Crown Temple) even has its own sovereign
police department.
Emperor Frederick II had the first “Christian” gold coins made in
1225 A.D. and was soon followed by Portugal, Florence, France, Genoa, and Venice in creating their own coins. Through widespread trade, many different
forms of currency began to accumulate in many cities across Europe. During this
fractional reserve banking was added to the mix.
Because the travelers and merchants were having problems carrying multiple kinds and storing all of their silver and gold, a solution was found in the
Goldsmiths of London. Having the place to safely store precious metals, they began to take
deposits and issued receipts of the transaction. These receipts were then used, by many, as the first form of paper money. The goldsmiths then
realized they could issue more receipts than they had metal and baring a run on the metal, began to make a vast fortune.
Modern banking began in the
late Medieval and
Renaissance period Italy, with the most predominant families of
Bardi and
Peruzzi during the 14th
century. They opened banks throughout Europe to strengthen their receipts and they began loaning money to Princes and Merchants alike.
Edward III while funding the 100 year war defaulted on his loans and both family
banks failed.
Another Italian banker,
Giovanni Medici, set up the first off street
bank by placing it in the hall of a palace he had built for himself. Because of this, the
Medici
bank then became the Papal bank(until 1942) and received most of its business from the Pope. With this, and continuing to loan to Princes and
Merchants, he was able to spread across Europe with his banking innovation. In order to gain payment without charging a usury, the bankers would take
a deposit and make a loan in one city, then collect in cash, instead of a bill of exchange, in another, usually at a higher exchange rate and pocket
the difference.
...”If a man is found taking usury, his lands will be confiscated. It is like taking a man's life, and it must not be tolerated”...
James 1, King of England; 1566-1625 A.D.
(“Remember, remember, the 5th of November”)
William Patterson is credited with finding a way to make money from
nothing. He knew of
King William IIIs money issues and made him a deal. He and
his friends would loan William III the money he needed under two conditions. First, they would receive a charter for the Bank of England and second,
the exclusive right to print the money for it. William III agreed and, on
July 27th
1694, three things were created, the worlds first, “Monopoly” Bank, a perpetual money machine and permanent National debt. By 1698 it
was said that the British Government owed, to the Bank of England, 16 X 10 to the 6th power pounds of Silver.
The Colonies were short on currency, so they did what they had to do by reverting
back to bills of credit. The result was a
free currency market. It had problems though, for
example, the fluctuation of exchange rates and merchants didn't really want them. England responded by taking control of the money supply and forbade
the printing of money. Because this happened so close to the the
Sugar
Act, it brought tensions to a new level within the Colonies which ultimately lead to
the Revolution.
Because this brings us to the infamous meeting of 1773 between Rothschild and his Partners I would like to pause here to state, I have found many
pages of links on Google to this information, however all, that have a source listed, go to the
same source. That source has the only different source listed and I can not
find the list of 25 within it(
Fed Debt War - History Of Lies, Thievery, And Deceit by Dr. Ken Matto,
Former Congressional Candidate, 6th District N.J. ). With all the other information on the
Rothschilds, I wouldn't put it past him, but I leave it up to you.
In 1773, a wealthy goldsmith and coin dealer named Mayer Amschel Bauer
(1743-1812) summoned 12 wealthy and influential men to his place of business in Frankfurt, Germany. His purpose for the meeting was to impress upon
these men that if they pooled their resources, it was possible to gain control of the wealth, natural resources, and manpower of the entire world. He
then outlined a 25 point plan on how to accomplish it.
Those 25 points are:
1. Use violence and terrorism rather than academic discussions.
2. Preach “Liberalism” to usurp political power.
3. Initiate class warfare.
4. Politicians must be cunning and deceptive – any moral code leaves a politician vulnerable.
5. Dismantle “existing forces of order and regulation.” Reconstruct all existing institutions.”
6. Remain invisible until the very moment when it has gained such strength that no cunning or force can undermine it.
7. Use Mob Psychology to control the masses. “Without absolute despotism one cannot rule efficiently.”
8. Advocate the use of alcoholic liquors, drugs, moral corruption and all forms of vice, used systematically by “agenteurs” to corrupt the youth.
9. Seize properties by any means to secure submission and sovereignty.
10. Foment wars and control the peace conferences so that neither of the combatants gains territory placing them further in debt and therefore into
our power.
11. Choose candidates for public office who will be “servile and obedient to our commands, so they may be readily used as pawns in our game.”
12. Use the Press for propaganda to control all outlets of public information, while remaining in the shadows, clear of blame.
13. Make the masses believe they had been the prey of criminals. Then restore order to appear as the saviors.
14. Create financial panics. Use hunger to control to subjugate the masses.
15. Infiltrate Freemasonry to take advantage of the Grand Orient Lodges to cloak the true nature of their work in philanthropy. Spread their
atheistic-materialistic ideology amongst the "Goyim" (gentiles).
16. When the hour strikes for our sovereign lord of the entire World to be crowned, their influence will banish everything that might stand in his
way.
17. Use systematic deception, high-sounding phrases and popular slogans. “The opposite of what has been promised can always be done afterwards...
That is of no consequence.”
18. A Reign of Terror is the most economical way to bring about speedy subjection.
19. Masquerade as political, financial and economic advisers to carry out our mandates with Diplomacy and without fear of exposing “the secret power
behind national and international affairs.”
20. Ultimate world government is the goal. It will be necessary to establish huge monopolies, so even the largest fortunes of the Goyim will depend on
us to such an extent that they will go to the bottom together with the credit of their governments on the day after the great political smash.”
21. Use economic warfare. Rob the "Goyim" of their landed properties and industries with a combination of high taxes and unfair competition.
22. “Make the 'Goyim' destroy each other so there will only be the proletariat left in the world, with a few millionaires devoted to our cause, and
sufficient police and soldiers to protect our interest.”
23. Call it The New Order. Appoint a Dictator.
24. Fool, bemuse and corrupt the younger members of society by teaching them theories and principles we know to be false.
25 Twist national and international laws into a contradiction which first masks the law and afterwards hides it altogether. Substitute arbitration for
law.”
The plan was put into operation and evidential information exists that Bauer aligned himself with
Adam Weishaupt who was the founder of the
Illuminati whose aim was and still is world domination. Bauer later changed his name to
Rothschild which means "red shield." He took it from the red sign which hung outside his place of business. The eagle was clutching 5 golden arrows in
its claws. It was supposed to symbolize his five sons. Presently the red shield represents the official coat of arms of the city of
Frankfurt, Germany.
"Let me issue and control a nation's money, and I care not who writes its laws"
Mayer Amschel Rothschild
With the Revolutionary war came the separation from the English banking system. It gave the new country the ability to print and control its own
currency and taxes, but the finances were in jeopardy. The English bankers had someone in place to “bring the money back” and that was
Alexander Hamilton, but he met with strong resistance from
Thomas Jefferson, as it was against the
10th Amendment of the Constitution and he is quoted
in saying:
"I sincerely believe the banking institutions having the issuing power of money are more dangerous to liberty than standing armies"
"the principle of spending money to be paid by prosperity under the name of funding is but swindling futurity on a large scale.”
"If the American people ever allow the banks to control the issuance of their currency.. the banks and corporations that will grow up around
them will deprive the people of all property, until their children wake up homeless on the continent their fathers conquered.”
"the existing banks will, without a doubt, enter into arrangements for lending their agency, and the more favorable, as there will be a
competition among them for it; whereas the bill delivers us up bound to the national bank, who are free to refuse all arrangement, but on their own
terms, and the public not free, on such refusal, to employ any other bank".
In other words, it forces the other banks to gain favor with the central bank rather than competing in a free market.
The charter for the
“Bank of North America” was given in 1781, patterned
after the
“Bank of England”, and set up in Philadelphia, however the people avoided
it and it folded by 1790.
Again, against President Jeffersons extreme objections, Alexander Hamilton created and led a movement for a centralized bank and the charter, limited
to 20 years, for the
“First Bank of the United States” was given on
February 25th 1791 for the purpose of paying off the war debts. It handled 20% of the Nations money. Of the $10 million original capital, $2m from
the Federal Government and $8m from private entities. Hamilton persuaded Congress to pass the Assumption Act in conjunction with The Residence Act of
1790, officially known as
An Act for establishing the temporary and permanent
Seat of the Government of the United States, July 16, 1790, where the Federal Government assumed States debts. Congress passed the
Coinage Act on April 2nd 1792 which establishes a U.S. mint. Hamilton resigned
as Secretary of the Treasury in 1793. There is speculation that Hamilton was paid by the Rothschild family for this service. By 1794, there we're
seventeen more reserves nationwide.
Plans for the Civil War began in England in 1809 and It was decided the “Bank of England” would fund the North and the
Rothschild Bank based in Paris would fund the South. It was also
decided that slavery would be used to split the nation. The Rothschilds were heavy into the slave trade market.
Banking influence began to make the people scared and when the charter ended in 1811 it failed renewal on the vote of
Vice President George Clinton.
The War of 1812 and the lack of regulation in the banking system created chaos among the
people.
President James Monroe, early enemy of central banking, was having a hard time
stabilizing the nations currency, so with a little nudging from
John Jacob Astor, a
bill was formed and again by a narrow margin passed, giving the charter 20 more years on April 10th 1816. The Charter was once again owned by foreign
banks, ie; The “Bank of England” and the Rothschild Banks. The capital this time was $35m. The people saw it as a menace to themselves and
Democracy as it again held most of the power.
In 1826 while running for President,
Candidate Andrew Jackson strongly
opposed the central bank and used it in his campaigns he is quoted with saying:
"You are a den of vipers. I intend to wipe you out, and by the Eternal God I will rout you out...If people only understood the rank injustice
of the money and banking system, there would be a revolution by morning."
and as President in 1829 saying”
"such a concentration of power in the hands of a few men irresponsible to the people was dangerous.”
By 1832
Jackson was so against foreign ownership, he withdrew the Federal money and
ended Federal deposits as part of the plan to kill the charter in 1836. The
attempted assassination of Jackson,
on January 30, 1835 failed, when both pistols misfired. Jackson then beat the man with a cane. These attacks drew the attention of the people and the
charter was not renewed in 1836.
New York, in circumventing the need for legislation, adopted the first
Free Banking Act in 1838,
which stripped the government of source of revenue by allowing free incorporation. This Act allowed anyone to open a bank as long as it met certain
requirements. Unfortunately, they were able to write their own notes which led to the possibility of loosing the money if the bank failed.
The
Civil War brought about the legislation that chartered for National banks. It
allowed for a National currency, a tax on State currency, a guarantee of payment in the case the bank failed and placed all banks under federal
jurisdiction. By 1841 the private corporations of banks were bankrupt and dissolved. Congressional Bills to establish a new national bank were twice
vetoed by President Tyler in 1841.
“Give me control of a nation’s money
and I care not who makes the laws.”
Mayer Amschel Rothschild
In 1846
The Independent Treasury Act was approved.
A
conspiracy to assassinate President-elect
Lincoln while on his way to his inauguration was perceived by
Allan
Pinkerton, owner of the
Pinkerton National Detective
Agency. Added security thwarted the attempt and it never took place. Some scholars question the validity of these accounts.
"The power confided to me will be used to hold, occupy, and possess the property and places belonging to the Government and to collect the
duties and imposts; but beyond what may be necessary for these objects, there will be no invasion, no using of force against or among the people
anywhere."
Abraham Lincoln in his Inaugural Address Monday, March 4, 1861
In 1861,
President Abraham Lincoln attempted to secure a loan from the New York banks
to fund the war. The Rothschilds had such a hold on the New York Banks they offered Lincoln a 24%-36% interest rate, knowing Lincoln would not take
it. So, Lincoln began to print his own money and gave it to the people as legal tender public and private. In 1862, Lincoln, after printing and
distributing almost $450m worth of debt free money, said:
"The government should create, issue, and circulate all the currency. Creating and issuing money is the supreme prerogative of government and
is its greatest creative opportunity. Adopting these principles will save the taxpayers immense sums of interest and money will cease to be the
master and become the servant of humanity."
“We gave the people of this republic the greatest blessing they ever had, their own paper money to pay their own debts.”
The
“Times of London” published a story later that year, it said:
"If that mischievous financial policy, which had its origin in the North American Republic, should become indurated down to a fixture, then
that government will furnish its own money without cost. It will pay off debts and be without a debt. It will have all the money necessary to carry on
its commerce.
It will become prosperous beyond precedent in the history of civilized governments of the world. The brains and the wealth of all countries will go to
North America. That government must be destroyed or it will destroy every monarchy on the globe."
In 1863, along with the new
National Bank Act, Lincoln finds out the Tsar of Russia,
Alexander II (1855-1881), was fighting with the Rothschilds because they were
attempting to force a central bank of Russia as well. Alexander II decided to help and stated that if France or England took the Side of the South and
became active in the war, it would be seen as an act of war on Russia. To prove his point he sent ships to San Francisco and New York.
The Rothschilds used two American family members by the names of
John D.
Rockefeller( with the help of
J.P. Morgan), to start an oil company called
“Standard Oil” which quickly wipes out the competition, and
August Belmont(National Chairman of the Democratic Party) to support
General George McClellan as the Democratic Presidential nominee, in the attempt to
gain control of the U.S. Economy. As we all know, it was Lincoln that won.
In August of 1864 a
second attempt at the
assassination of Lincoln occurred. It is said that while Lincoln was riding a horse a shot rang out and hit Lincolns hat, knocking it off
his head. This occurrence was swept under the rug but security for Lincoln was raised.
Early 1865 Lincoln stated:
"The money powers prey upon the nation in times of peace and conspire against it in times of adversity. The banking powers are more despotic
than a monarchy, more insolent than autocracy, more selfish than bureaucracy. They denounce as public enemies all who question their methods or throw
light upon their crimes. I have two great enemies, the Southern Army in front of me and the bankers in the rear. Of the two, the one at my rear is my
greatest foe. Corporations have been enthroned, and an era of corruption in high places will follow. The money power of the country will endeavor to
prolong its reign by working upon the prejudices of the people until the wealth is aggregated in the hands of a few, and the Republic is destroyed."
On April 9, 1865 following Lincoln's “brutal, immoral and cruel scorched earth war policy”, Lee surrendered at Appomattox. On April 14th 1865
President Abraham Lincoln was assassinated. Johnston's army surrendered on April 26, 1865, and two months later the Civil War had ended. The Federal
government holds Lincoln in high regards because it was Lincoln who established large central federal government positions paid for by taxing the
people.
Following
Lincoln's assassination,
Andrew Johnson became President, who may have been involved in the assassination. On
December 18, 1865, a new
Thirteenth Amendment
was ratified ignoring the existing
properly ratified 13th Amendment which
eliminated citizenship of persons who swore allegiance to other Nations or secret societies. On February 24, 1868 President Johnson was impeached by
the House however his trial in the Senate failed.
On July 21, 1868 the
Fourteenth Amendment was
questionably adopted
After training in a Rothschild Bank in London, another Rothschild named
Jacob Schiff, who
was only 18, was sent to the United States with 4 objectives;
1. Gain control of America's money system through the establishment of a central bank.
2. Find desirable men, who for a price, would be willing to serve as stooges for the Illuminati and promote them into high places in the federal
government, the Congress, Supreme Court, and all the federal agencies.
3. Create minority group strife throughout the nations, particularly targeting the whites and blacks.
4. Create a movement to destroy religion in the United States, with Christianity as the main target.
(Once more all the Google sources lead
to one site and this site sources hard books I have not found on the internet.)
The Black Friday financial crisis, on September 24th 1869, was caused by Wall
Street scam artists
Jay Gould and
James Fisk when they attempted to corner the gold market,
President Grant did nothing. On March 30th 1870, the
Fifteenth Amendment was ratified. In February of
1873 Congress demonetized silver, resulting in Financial panic.
Jay Cooke's bank,
who helped fund the Civil War, went bankrupt on September 18, 1873. January 1875, Congress passed the
Specie Resumption Act which stipulated that beginning in January 1879 the
federal government would redeem (legally exchange) greenbacks with gold.
By 1877, J.P. Morgan was holding $260m in U.S. Issued bonds in order to pull the government out of an economic collapse.
Under
President Rutherford B. Hayes, in 1878, Congress enacted the
Bland-Allison Act, a compromise bill which specified limited amount of silver
to be coined annually.
86 days into office,
President James A. Garfield, who followed in Lincolns footsteps
to restore national printing rights, said:
“Whoever controls the volume of money in our country is absolute master of all industry and commerce…and when you realize that the entire
system is very easily controlled, one way or another, by a few powerful men at the top, you will not have to be told how periods of inflation and
depression originate.”
Two weeks later he was shot on July
2nd 1881 by
Charles J. Guiteau using a
.442 Webley British Bulldog revolver. Garfield suffered for 11 weeks when he
finally succumbed to infection and died on September 19th 1881
President William McKinley, elected in 1896, based his entire campaign on the
Gold standard. He was against foreign owned central banking. On September 6, 1901
he was shot twice by
Leon Czolgosz while attending the
Pan-American Exposition at the Temple of Music in Buffalo, New York. McKinley
died eight days later, on September 14, 1901. Czolgosz was dubbed an anarchist and it is simply know as “Political reasons” as to why he did it.
Due to currency uncertainties and significant financial panics, J.P. Morgan purchased $200m in Bonds to help the U.S. Economy, but the Panics
continued. In 1907 The Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis was admittedly the main contributing cause of the Panic in 1907, saying:
"If Knickerbocker Trust would falter, then Congress and the public would lose faith in all trust companies and banks would stand to gain."
JPMorgan Chase & Co. attacked
F. Augustus
Heinze's
Knickerbocker Trust by using insider trading of assets
and pushing bad loans from the Knickerbocker Bank in to the Headlines purposely causing the panics. J.P. Morgan and
James Stillman, of First National City Bank(now
Citigroup), acted together as a “Central Bank” in order to provide “Liquidity” using
$25m provided by
President Theodore Roosevelt from Governmental funds. They decided
which banks would benefit and which would fail.
Congressman Arsène Pujo realized, in
his Congressional Investigation in to the
“Robber Barrons” or
“Money Trusts”, new forms of monopolies were being created. He found that monopolies
like the Railroads and Oil (both Rothschilds), who had their own banks, began to merge. This strengthened not only the monopolies, but also combined
the banks to form a strong and unified “Super Monopoly” made up of many little monopolies working together.
It took very little time to begin the monopolization of everything ie; Banking, Transportation, fuels, etc.. In order for this to work, independent
Banks and Businesses, ie the competition, were imposed with a “tax” above the normal interest and government fees associated with printing. Due to
public anger for stronger Government action and a stronger central bank, actions were taken. What the people did not understand is that these actions
would lead to the creation of what the people were attempting to get away from like: Corruption, Monopolies, and central planning of normal everyday
activities and business.
The
National Monetary Commission was created by congress in 1908. Led by
Nelson W. Aldrich. Its purpose was to define the changes needed to the U.S. banking
system. The result was the National Reserve Association which was run by the bankers themselves. The public was not happy.
“The way to make money is to buy when blood is running in the streets.”
John D. Rockefeller
This brings us to the infamous meeting on
Jekyll Island. Much controversy as to whether
or not this meeting took place has been debated since
Bertie Charles Forbes, the founder
of
Forbes magazine, published an article. As the story goes,
U.S. Senator Nelson W. Aldrich, Assistant Secretary of the Treasury Department A.P. Andrews,
Piatt, Warburg and several other Banking Tycoons, snuck off to Jekyll Island to form, what the Federal Reserve of Atlanta would call, a
draft legislation for the creation of a U.S. central bank. It was
Paul Warburg that is
credited with being the creator of the Modern Federal Reserve. Although this meeting is still debated,
a return to Jekyll Island, to celebrate the 100 year
anniversary, was held on November 5th and 6th of 2010. The conference was called "A Return to Jekyll Island: The Origins, History, and
Future of the Federal Reserve", and was held in the exact same building where the original 1910 meeting took place.
By 1912 J.P. Morgan owned
U.S. Steel and
General Electric and was in control of about $22b. This put the basic necessities of
the public into one “board”. The Rothschilds “Owned” and directed J.P. Morgan, who in turn “Owned” and directed Rockefeller. The result
was the Rothschilds running, directly and indirectly, the dominant companies in Banking, Oil, Steel, Auto Manufacturing, Train Transport, Shipping,
Gold, Silver, Utilities, Electronics and Housewares, Logging, Construction, etc.
The House Banking and Currency Committee(HBCC) came
to the conclusion that America's banking system was a "money trust" defined as:
"an established and well defined identity and community of interest between a few leaders of finance . . .which has resulted in a vast and
growing concentration of control of money and credit in the hands of a comparatively few men."
It is interesting to add, Theodore Roosevelt was running for Presidency in the attempt to regain the White House. He had left the Republican party and
began the
Progressive party, which he and other political
free thinkers had created. On October 13th 1912
Roosevelt was shot by
John F. Schrank in an assassination attempt. His rather lengthy speech and a
metal glasses case took most of the force of the bullet, but it still penetrated Roosevelts chest. He went on to give his speech. The bullet remained
in him, by his choice, until he died in 1919.
Woodrow Wilson won the election of 1912. He was also against banking control, and
together with his
Secretary of State William Jennings Bryan] fought
"any plan which concentrates control in the hands of the banks."
The
Glass-Willis proposal was handed to President-elect Wilson on December 26th 1912 and for the
next year was debated and restructured by the
Reserve Board Organization
Committee. The committee consisted of the
Secretary of the Treasury, William G.
McAdoo(Wilsons Son-in-Law), the
Secretary of Agriculture, David F.
Houston, and the
Controller of the Currency, John Skelton Williams(a
Richmond banker and capitalist) with help from J.P. Morgan, John D. Rockefeller and
E.H.
Harriman(
Further information). Indirect Income Tax was
initiated through the
16th Amendment, to allow
Congress to pay the bankers interest on our money. The 16th Amendment was pushed through
without proper ratification(?) in February of 1913.
"If you...examined [The 16th Amendment] carefully, you would find that a sufficient number of states never ratified that amendment."
U.S. District Court Judge James C. Fox 2003.
According to the two volume work by Bill Benson and Red Beckman ,
"The Law That Never Was" the
16th amendment, which created the IRS, was never properly ratified by even one State. These gentlemen traveled the then 48 states to verify that fact.
On December 23rd 1913, the
Federal Reserve Act( (ch. 6, 38 Stat. 251, 12 U.S.C.
ch.3) was signed by Wilson. (I insert here that according to wiki it ha been amended twice, but
this looks like a few more than twice)
“When the President signs this bill, the invisible government of the monetary power will be legalized….the worst legislative crime of the
ages is perpetrated by this banking and currency bill.”
Charles A. Lindbergh, Sr.
It is said that this bill(and tax amendment) was pushed through, due to so many of congress being home for the holidays. According to official
records the House of Representatives voted 298 yeas to 60 nays, with 76 not voting(December 22, 1913), and the Senate agreed(December 23, 1913) to it
by a vote of 43 yeas to 25 nays with 27 not voting(including absentee votes on both sides). President Wilson signed the Act within the hour after it
passed the Senate.
The Federal Reserve Act was a regional Federal Reserve System( An independent central bank) under a supervisory board in D.C.. This "Provided for the
establishment of Federal Reserve Banks, to furnish an elastic currency, to afford means of re-discounting commercial paper, to establish a more
effective supervision of banking in the United States, and for other purposes.”
The president appoints the chairman of the Federal Reserve and the appointment is voted on by the Senate, but the decisions of the Federal Reserve
board do not need approval from any part of the Government. Among the powers given to the Bankers by this bill were a virtually unlimited supply of
loans when they experience liquidity problems, new powers to the National Banks by permitting overseas branches and new banking services, and giving
power, over the monetary policies of all US banks, to this independent non Governmental board. One of the strangest sections of the bill is section
30. This section reads as follows:
“The right to amend, alter, or repeal this Act is hereby expressly reserved.”
This brings the question; Reserved for whom and to what purpose?
Here is a list of banks involved with the construction of this network(I will get to who owns them and how they are connected later):
Rothschild Banks of London and Berlin
Lazard Brothers Bank of Paris
Israel Moses Seif Banks of Italy(has either closed, changed its name or merged I can not find it)
Warburg Bank of Hamburg, Germany and Amsterdam
Kuhn Loeb Bank of New York
Lehman Brothers Bank of New York
Goldman Sachs Bank of New York
Chase Manhattan Bank of New York
On April 2, 1914 the 12 cities of the Federal Reserve system were chosen and they are:
Boston,
New York City,
Philadelphia,
Cleveland,
Richmond,
Atlanta,
Chicago,
St. Louis,
Minneapolis,
Kansas City,
Dallas and
San Francisco
Initially, the New York Branch was limited to New York State but with over $20,000,000 in capital stock it was the largest by far(nearly 4 times the
size of capital of Atlanta or Minneapolis). It opened on November 16, 1914 under the leadership of
Benjamin Strong Jr., former president of the Bankers Trust Company, and its first
day open took in $100m, made two re-discounts, and received its first shipment of reserve notes. Realizing that this branch would be the center of the
Federal Reserve a new building was commissioned. The location was decided as an entire city block within the streets of Liberty Street, Maiden Lane,
William Street and Nassau Street, and the vault was to be located 86 feet below ground and built on bedrock.
Entering into W.W.1 in 1917,
President Wilson stated:
"I have unwittingly ruined my country. A great industrial nation is controlled by its system of credit. Our system of credit is concentrated.
The growth of the nation, therefore, and all our activities are in the hands of a few men. We have come to be one of the worst ruled, one of the most
completely controlled and dominated Governments in the civilized world - no longer a Government by free opinion, no longer a Government by conviction
and the vote of the majority, but the Government by the opinion and duress of small groups of dominated men."
And on his deathbed, Wilson is reported to have said to friends that he had been "deceived" and "I have betrayed my Country".
In the January 13, 1918 issue of
“New York World”, an article was written on
William Boyce Thompson, Federal Reserve Bank director and founding member of the
Council on Foreign Relations, who applauded Russia for their "sweeping
world changes.". The primary shareholders of the Federal Reserve Bank, the Rothschild's, funded the
October Revolution by literally sending a train with 50 million dollars worth of
gold and around 50 trained Jewish insurgents to instigate the communist revolution.
From the Civil War the inflation rate was close to zero but climbed to 20% by 1919, and in 1921 the Federal Reserve failed to supply enough money and
it plunged the United States into its sharpest downturn in history. In 1924 the New York office moved to its new location and by 1927 its vaults
contained 10% of the entire worlds monetary gold.
"The Jewish people as a whole will be its own Messiah. It will attain world dominion by the dissolution of other races, by the abolition of
frontiers, the annihilation of monarchy, and by the establishment of a world republic in which the Jews will everywhere exercise the privilege of
citizenship. In this new world order the Children of Israel will furnish all the leaders without encountering opposition. The Governments of the
different peoples forming the world republic will fall without difficulty into the hands of the Jews. It will then be possible for the Jewish rulers
to abolish private property, and everywhere to make use of the resources of the state. Thus will the promise of the Talmud be fulfilled, in which is
said that when the Messianic time is come the Jews will have all the property of the whole world in their hands."
(Baruch Levi, Letter to Karl
Marx, La Revue de Paris, p. 54, June 1, 1928)
By 1929 the Nations money supply had expanded at a rapid pace creating large jumps of economic growth and the number of banks began to decline but
asset and equity prices had skyrocketed. In August the Federal Reserve cut the money supply and bought more government bonds.
On October 24th the Large Foreign owned banks and investors like John D. Rockefeller and J.P. Morgan sold their stocks on
Wall Street all at the same time, called in their 24- hour “Call Loans” The resulting
market crash on
“Black Thursday” was the beginning of the
Great Depression. Thousands of small American banks began to fail and the older
foreign banks snatched them up with pennies on the dollar, and invested in precious metals namely Gold.
Representative Louis T. McFadden, the Chairman of the House Banking and Currency
Committee, Said about the Depression:
“it was a carefully contrived occurrence (created by international bankers) to bring about a condition of despair…so that they might emerge
as rulers of us all.”
He also accused European “statesmen and financiers” of creating the situation to allow them to take back massive amounts of gold which Europe had
lost to the U.S. during WWI.
This brings us to what I think is the worst event in American history. The United States government had been paying its debts with “Real”
money(backed by gold) and in 1933 the Federal Reserve had succeeded in taking all the gold in the United States deposit, forcing the U.S. Government
to declare and file
chapter 11 bankruptcy, and by signing the
Emergency Banking Act(March 9, 1933, 48 Stat.1, Public law 89-719)
President Franklin Roosevelt dissolved the United States Government and placed
ownership in the hands of international bankers. On April 5th, 1933 FDR signed
Executive Order
6102.
On June 5, 1933 Congress passed
HJR(House Joint Resolution) 192(Title 31 USC §5118
) which made all debts, public or private, no longer collectible in gold. Instead, all debts public or private were to be payable in the
non-backed Federal Reserve printed currency(
fiat system). This began the process of
dismantling the United States Constitution in favor of the whims of the international Bankers, which has continued to this day. Another thing to note
is that people began to discuss the issue of International Centrally Owned Banking less and less until it was almost hidden and forgotten about by
general society. I strongly suggest you read further into FDR and his tyranny against the United States.
You can begin here.
By instigating WWII, the
Bankers were able to destroy 8
monarchies throughout Europe while at the same time making extreme profits from their weapons companies. U.S. bombing attacks on Germany
were often specifically targeted at the bankers competitors factories while carefully not damaging factories owned by the Bankers.
John F Kennedy, opposed to the International ownership of the Federal Reserve, on
June 4, 1963 Signed Executive order 11110, which states:
AMENDMENT OF EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 10289 AS AMENDED, RELATING TO THE PERFORMANCE OF CERTAIN FUNCTIONS AFFECTING THE DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY.
By virtue of the authority vested in me by section 301 of title 3 of the United States Code, it is ordered as follows:
SECTION 1. Executive Order No. 10289 of September 19, 1951, as amended, is hereby further amended – (a) By adding at the end of paragraph 1 thereof
the following subparagraph (j): “(j) The authority vested in the President by paragraph (b) of section 43 of the Act of May 12, 1933, as amended (31
U.S.C. 821 (b)), to issue silver certificates against any silver bullion, silver, or standard silver dollars in the Treasury not then held for
redemption of any outstanding silver certificates, to prescribe the denominations of such silver certificates, and to coin standard silver dollars and
subsidiary silver currency for their redemption,” and (b) By revoking subparagraphs (b) and (c) of paragraph 2 thereof. SECTION 2. The amendment
made by this Order shall not affect any act done, or any right accruing or accrued or any suit or proceeding had or commenced in any civil or criminal
cause prior to the date of this Order but all such liabilities shall continue and may be enforced as if said amendments had not been made.
JOHN F. KENNEDY THE WHITE HOUSE, June 4, 1963
With this authorization of the U.S. Treasury to issue a new form of silver certificate currency, Kennedy issued $4,292,893,825 in “Red Seal” U.S.
Notes that were Free of Debt and Interest. This effectively removed the Federal Reserve from power.
Five months later,
John F. Kennedy was
assassinated on Friday, November 22, 1963. (Because this is ATS most of us understand the conspiracies surrounding this event, so I am
going to stick with the Banking theme only.) Almost immediately the “Red Seal” notes were removed from circulation and destroyed save the ones
owned by collectors. It is also interesting to note that one of the
Warren
Commissions 7 members was
John J. McCloy. McCloy was the former head of the
World Bank and President of the Chase Manhattan Bank. That in itself brings questions. Examinations show that E.O. 11110 was never rescinded and still
applies. The reason being is that, to rescind it would take an Act of Congress, which would draw the attention of the people especially right after
the assassination.
President Richard Nixon was anti-communistic and at first pushed the U.S. to the
Vietnam war but later changed his position and withdrew all troops in 1973 effecting the
banks weapons companies. He was an activist into returning power from the Government to the States and in the attempt to slow inflation he imposed
wage and price controls which ultimately effected
the Banks.
Samuel Byck attempted to kill Nixon by crashing a commercial airliner into the
White House on February 22nd 1974. He hijacked the plane on the ground after finding out the plane could not take off without first removing the wheel
blocks, he shot the pilot and copilot. He was shot by an officer through the plane's door window before turning his gun on himself. You can learn more
about this assassination attempt depicted in the film
"The Assassination of Richard
Nixon".
Ronald Reagan was also opposed to an internationally owned central bank and on March 30,
1981 an
attempt at assassination
was made by , for the attention of
Jodi Foster. Really? Insanity again? Whats interesting
to note is that of the 17 assassination attempts on 12 of our presidents, the one who has the most,
George W. Bush at a
count of 4, was not against the
path of the Rothschilds.
References:
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www.rothschildarchive.org...edit on 15-8-2011 by Agarta because: (no reason given)