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quote:
JP-8 contains three additives: 1) the icing inhibitor diethylene glycolmonomethyl ether (DiEGME), 0.1% v/v; 2) the anti-static compound Stadis 450, 2 mg/L; and 3) the corrosion inhibitor DCI-4A, 15 mg/L (Allen et al., 2001). The possible toxicity of these individual additives and possible additive or synergistic toxicity with hydrocarbon constituents of the parent fuel has been only minimally researched. JP-8 (100), a new formulation being introduced for use by the USAF, is identical to JP-8 except for the addition of three more performance additives. These additives are 1) the antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), 25 ppm; 2) the metal deactivator (MDA), 3 ppm; and 3) the detergent and dispersant 8Q405, 70 ppm (Kanikkannnan et al., 2001).
From the same paper, here is a summary of known health effects of JP-8:
quote:
24. Summary
1. There is little or no evidence that acute or long-term JP-8 exposures result directly in cancer, serious organic disease, or death in humans.
2. Health effects of JP-8 exposure may be subtle, but persisting, and may occur over prolonged periods of low-dose exposure.
3. Some JP-8 induced health effects may require complex neurobehavioral, proteomic, genomic and metabolomic tests for early identification.
4. There appears to be major differences in JP-8 induced health effects as a function of the duration (acute versus long-term), route of administration (dermal versus respiratory versus oral), and exposure phase (vapor versus aerosol versus raw fuel).
5. From animal studies, it appears that brief exposure to JP-8, in at least aerosol or raw fuel phase, can result in severe and persisting immunosuppression.
6. Animal and in vitro studies indicate that exposure to JP-8 can result in modulation of dermal, pulmonary, hepatic, ocular, and renal systems involved in the metabolism, detoxification, and/or elimination of constituent chemicals of JP-8, as well as other xenobiotics.
7. Results of both human and animal studies would appear to indicate that prolonged "occupational-level" exposure to JP-8 could result in persisting changes in brainstem/cerebellar systems, as well as in neurobehavioral performance capacity.
8. Animal and in vitro studies indicate that acute or long-term exposure to JP-8, at least in aerosol phase, can result in persisting damage to the pulmonary system.
9. Human, animal and in vitro studies indicate that acute or long-term dermal exposure to JP-8 can result in damage to the skin (possible necrosis). There is limited evidence from animal studies that repeated dermal exposure to JP-8 might result in skin cancer.
10. There is limited evidence from animal studies that exposure of females to JP-8 can result in developmental deficits in offspring.
11. There is no direct evidence that JP-8 exposure can result in acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). There is minimal evidence that repeated exposure to benzene, at JP-8 occupational levels, can result in development of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). It is generally unknown if possible immunosuppressive effects of JP-8 exposure, as well as JP-8 induced changes in detoxification systems (i.e., skin, liver, etc.) are correlated with the development of leukemia or other cancers.
1. There is little or no evidence that acute or long-term JP-8 exposures result directly in cancer, serious organic disease, or death in humans.
Originally posted by OuttaTime
reply to post by adeclerk
Have you ever been near a large plane when it is revving up to take off? Have you not seen the overwhelming exhaust velocities? Being a Navy brat and a Navy guy myself, I've been around a few planes in my lifetime. Ever been 100' from the exhaust of an F-14 or and F-4? Ever smelled the exhaust from one (pre and post afterburner)? Ever watch a P-3 start up and billow black smoke until the rings on the pistons fully seat? I've seen jumbo jets blow a car over 50' away. The exhaust is nasty, and not nearly as refined as gasoline.
Originally posted by Drunkenparrot
Originally posted by OuttaTime
reply to post by adeclerk
Have you ever been near a large plane when it is revving up to take off? Have you not seen the overwhelming exhaust velocities? Being a Navy brat and a Navy guy myself, I've been around a few planes in my lifetime. Ever been 100' from the exhaust of an F-14 or and F-4? Ever smelled the exhaust from one (pre and post afterburner)? Ever watch a P-3 start up and billow black smoke until the rings on the pistons fully seat? I've seen jumbo jets blow a car over 50' away. The exhaust is nasty, and not nearly as refined as gasoline.
Sorry to jump into the middle of the conversation but I have a question or two.
I'm sure both myself and anyone else reading with aviation experience would enjoy for you to go into some more detail about what you've posted above...
Where exactly were you while you were standing 100' from the business end of a pair of J79's or F110's?
What is pre and post afterburner? What did the difference in the exhaust smell like again?
Where exactly did you watch a P-3 "start up and billow black smoke until the rings on the pistons fully seat"?
Where did you watch a "Jumbo Jet" blow a car 50'?
Thank you for the clarification in advance, as a "Navy guy" yourself I'm sure you'll have no problem elaborating.
edit on 14-8-2011 by Drunkenparrot because: syntax
Originally posted by adeclerk
reply to post by OuttaTime
Whoops, guess you missed this part, number one no less:
1. There is little or no evidence that acute or long-term JP-8 exposures result directly in cancer, serious organic disease, or death in humans.
But seriously, the rest of it isn't so bad. Just don't rub it on your skin.edit on 8/14/11 by adeclerk because: (no reason given)
8. Animal and in vitro studies indicate that acute or long-term exposure to JP-8, at least in aerosol phase, can result in persisting damage to the pulmonary system.
9. Human, animal and in vitro studies indicate that acute or long-term dermal exposure to JP-8 can result in damage to the skin (possible necrosis). There is limited evidence from animal studies that repeated dermal exposure to JP-8 might result in skin cancer.
10. There is limited evidence from animal studies that exposure of females to JP-8 can result in developmental deficits in offspring.
Originally posted by OuttaTime
The rest isn't so bad? Whoops, guess you missed this part:
8. Animal and in vitro studies indicate that acute or long-term exposure to JP-8, at least in aerosol phase, can result in persisting damage to the pulmonary system.
Originally posted by OuttaTime
9. Human, animal and in vitro studies indicate that acute or long-term dermal exposure to JP-8 can result in damage to the skin (possible necrosis). There is limited evidence from animal studies that repeated dermal exposure to JP-8 might result in skin cancer.
Originally posted by OuttaTime
10. There is limited evidence from animal studies that exposure of females to JP-8 can result in developmental deficits in offspring.
Originally posted by OuttaTime
And yes, I don't want any on my skin
- www.hpa.org.uk...
• Serious lung injury may occur if droplets of petrol are inhaled (e.g. if vomiting occurs
after ingestion)
• Harmful
• Inhalation may cause headache, dizziness and drowsiness.
• Often no symptoms occur following ingestion. In some cases, sickness and diarrhoea
may occur
• Petrol vapour may be irritating to the eyes and lungs
• Prolonged skin exposure to petrol may cause a variety of skin conditions
• Long-term exposure to high levels of petrol is associated with a range of disorders
affecting the nervous system
Originally posted by OuttaTime
The rest isn't so bad? Whoops, guess you missed this part:
8. Animal and in vitro studies indicate that acute or long-term exposure to JP-8, at least in aerosol phase, can result in persisting damage to the pulmonary system.
9. Human, animal and in vitro studies indicate that acute or long-term dermal exposure to JP-8 can result in damage to the skin (possible necrosis). There is limited evidence from animal studies that repeated dermal exposure to JP-8 might result in skin cancer.
10. There is limited evidence from animal studies that exposure of females to JP-8 can result in developmental deficits in offspring.
And yes, I don't want any on my skin
Originally posted by OuttaTime
reply to post by adeclerk
Have you ever been near a large plane when it is revving up to take off? Have you not seen the overwhelming exhaust velocities? Being a Navy brat and a Navy guy myself, I've been around a few planes in my lifetime. Ever been 100' from the exhaust of an F-14 or and F-4? Ever smelled the exhaust from one (pre and post afterburner)?
Ever watch a P-3 start up and billow black smoke until the rings on the pistons fully seat?
I've seen jumbo jets blow a car over 50' away.
The exhaust is nasty, and not nearly as refined as gasoline.