reply to post by psychederic
A message from Einstein in 1949
” * Modern anthropology has taught us, through comparative investigation of so-called primitive cultures, that the social behavior of human beings
may differ greatly, depending upon prevailing cultural patterns and the types of organisation which predominate in society. It is on this that those
who are striving to improve the lot of man may ground their hopes: human beings are not condemned, because of their biological constitution, to
annihilate each other or to be at the mercy of a cruel, self-inflicted fate.
* The owner of the means of production is in a position to purchase the labor power of the worker. By using the means of production, the worker
produces new goods which become the property of the capitalist. The essential point about this process is the relation between what the worker
produces and what he is paid, both measured in terms of real value. In so far as the labor contract is free what the worker receives is determined not
by the real value of the goods he produces, but by his minimum needs and by the capitalists’ requirements for labor power in relation to the number
of workers competing for jobs. It is important to understand that even in theory the payment of the worker is not determined by the value of his
product.
* I have now reached the point where I may indicate briefly what to me constitutes the essence of the crisis of our time. It concerns the relationship
of the individual to society. The individual has become more conscious than ever of his dependence upon society. But he does not experience this
dependence as a positive asset, as an organic tie, as a protective force, but rather as a threat to his natural rights, or even to his economic
existence. Moreover, his position in society is such that the egotistical drives of his make-up are constantly being accentuated, while his social
drives, which are by nature weaker, progressively deteriorate. All human beings, whatever their position in society, are suffering from this process
of deterioration. Unknowingly prisoners of their own egotism, they feel insecure, lonely, and deprived of the naive, simple, and unsophisticated
enjoyment of life. Man can find meaning in life, short and perilous as it is, only through devoting himself to society.
* The economic anarchy of capitalist society as it exists today is, in my opinion, the real source of the evil. We see before us a huge community of
producers the members of which are unceasingly striving to deprive each other of the fruits of their collective labor — not by force, but on the
whole in faithful compliance with legally established rules.
* I am convinced there is only one way to eliminate these grave evils, namely through the establishment of a socialist economy, accompanied by an
educational system which would be oriented toward social goals.
* Nevertheless, it is necessary to remember that a planned economy is not yet socialism. A planned economy as such may be accompanied by the complete
enslavement of the individual. The achievement of socialism requires the solution of some extremely difficult socio-political problems: how is it
possible, in view of the far-reaching centralisation of political and economic power, to prevent bureaucracy from becoming all-powerful and
overweening? How can the rights of the individual be protected and therewith a democratic counterweight to the power of bureaucracy be assured?
* Clarity about the aims and problems of socialism is of greatest significance in our age of transition. Since, under present circumstances, free and
unhindered discussion of these problems has come under a powerful taboo, I consider the foundation of this magazine to be an important public service.
“