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Originally posted by Extant Taxon
I'd say that such innovation and evidence of divergence is eminently healthy, as compared to the current fixed and backward looking state of modern, so-called regular Freemasonry.
Why not admit atheists or agnostics?
In this scientific age is it really too much to even contemplate a universe without a "supreme being" according to ideas from archaic ancient texts?
UGLE, and all constitutions that are in amity with it, are an anachronism in so many ways, a politically conservative dinosaur that won't admit women.
UGLE recognises no form of womens' Freemasonry officially, at best it's "at arm's length" bare acknowledgement to certain female Masonic bodies is a sop. This gray space that the issue of women's masonry exists vis-à-vis "regular" Freemasonry should be unacceptable in the modern era.
Originally posted by Masonic Light
Originally posted by Extant Taxon
I'd say that such innovation and evidence of divergence is eminently healthy, as compared to the current fixed and backward looking state of modern, so-called regular Freemasonry.
In what manner is orthodox Freemasonry "backward looking"?
Originally posted by Masonic Light
Originally posted by Extant Taxon
Why not admit atheists or agnostics?
Because to do so would show a complete lack of understanding of what Freemasonry actually is. This lack of understanding was demonstrated by the leadership of the Grand Orient of France, and is expressly the reason that those in the Grand Orient who did understand, left. It should be remembered that the Grand Orient changed its policy in this regard because they mistakenly believed that if they dropped religious connotations, the Roman Catholic Church would end its criticism of them as being a religion, and lift the ban on Freemasonry. They were, of course, wrong about the response of the Catholic Church, and wrong about other things as well.
The reason that Freemasonry does not admit atheists or agnostics is because Freemasonry is based upon theism, Hermetica, Kabalism, and ultimately, theurgy. Attempting to make a Mason of a man without belief in Deity is therefore analogous to attempting to make a pizza without cheese, dough, and pepperoni.
Originally posted by Masonic Light
Originally posted by Extant Taxon
In this scientific age is it really too much to even contemplate a universe without a "supreme being" according to ideas from archaic ancient texts?
It is not, and I assume that most thoughtful people, which includes myself, have at times had such questions, and contemplated such a universe. In so doing, I have found it severely lacking in insight. Such a universe, for example, would have no moral absolutes, as morality would be only what is agreed upon by the majority. However, we instinctively know that this is not the case.
Originally posted by Masonic Light
Originally posted by Extant Taxon
UGLE, and all constitutions that are in amity with it, are an anachronism in so many ways, a politically conservative dinosaur that won't admit women.
Again, no fraternities admit women, and no sororities admit men. In Freemasonry, there is also an esoteric reason that only men are admitted, namely, that Freemasonry is Osirian, not Isisian.
Originally posted by Masonic Light
Originally posted by Extant Taxon
UGLE recognises no form of womens' Freemasonry officially, at best it's "at arm's length" bare acknowledgement to certain female Masonic bodies is a sop. This gray space that the issue of women's masonry exists vis-à-vis "regular" Freemasonry should be unacceptable in the modern era.
I am not under the obediance of the UGLE, and do not speak for their policies. However, I see no reason why women, if they want, cannot form their own societies to celebrate the mysteries. They do not need Freemasonry's help to do this. In fact, in some instances, they have already done this (Dianic Wicca, for example).
Originally posted by Extant Taxon
As mentioned previously, a politically conservative outlook typified by there being no concession to admit women and the religious absolutism that members have to believe in a supreme being - strange, as Freemasonry resolutely denies being a religion, and if they're not a religion (from "religare," to bind fast, in this case to the worship of a "supreme being," albeit any such entity) why hold to it?
Modern Freemasonry of the orthodox persuasion appears to be in a state of systemic entropy. It seems to be going nowhere fast.
Whether continental Freemasonry such as the GOdF will go anywhere with such bold moves as political activism (harkening back to the more revolutionary, dynamic state of play in Freemasonry's history), the discarding of the demand of blind faith in a supreme being, and more ready admittance of women to the fold is open to question and remains to be seen.
Orthodox Freemasonry hardly seems to acknowledge such a basis for their philosophical and moral systems today though, do they?
Freemasonry has ably demonstrated throughout its recent history the predisposition toward the very stereotype it is known for: cronyism, "nudge, nudge, wink, wink," I scratch your back, you scratch mine, and the maintenance of connections for purely mundane purposes amongst The Brotherhood.
Most unfortunately reality does not conform to human instinct and has been shown to be resolutely counter-intuitive, in that the model of the world we produce is flawed and partial. We barely know the world outside of our skins, and even the world inside is a mystery.
The notion of there being moral absolutes emanating from a some universal metaphysical source is rather quaint and presumptuous. We, the human race, have absolutely no idea what is going on in the universe and perhaps one of the only true methods of open inquiry tending towards actual results, the scientific, is barely scratching the surface as to what is out there in the cosmos.
It really wouldn't hurt for orthodox Freemasonry, UGLE in particular, to say, "Look, there should be an officially recognised form of women's masonry, but there are orders for women and orders for men. This is how it shall be ordered."
As the male form of Freemasonry is the original, the paternal form, acknowledgement would be akin to a good father's blessing to a daughter to make their way in life. Not that such a thing need be done as regards female organizations of the self-determined variety, but the very gesture would go a long way in terms of public relations alone.
Originally posted by Masonic Light
Originally posted by Extant Taxon
As mentioned previously, a politically conservative outlook typified by there being no concession to admit women and the religious absolutism that members have to believe in a supreme being - strange, as Freemasonry resolutely denies being a religion, and if they're not a religion (from "religare," to bind fast, in this case to the worship of a "supreme being," albeit any such entity) why hold to it?
I explained the religious requirement in my previous post. Since Freemasonry is apolitical, I do not know how it could be classed as "politically conservative" without some strenuous logical jousting. As for women being admitted, once again, fraternities admit men only, sororities admit women only.
Originally posted by Masonic Light
Originally posted by Extant Taxon
Modern Freemasonry of the orthodox persuasion appears to be in a state of systemic entropy. It seems to be going nowhere fast.
It seems to me to be where it's always been, and where it always will be.
Originally posted by Masonic Light
Originally posted by Extant Taxon
activism (harkening back to the more revolutionary, dynamic state of play in Freemasonry's history), the discarding of the demand of blind faith in a supreme being, and more ready admittance of women to the fold is open to question and remains to be seen.
Freemasonry does not require "blind faith". A man must have developed his faith before he comes to our doors. As to the pseudo-Masonry of the GOF, what they do or do not is their business, and I have little interest in it.
Originally posted by Masonic Light
Originally posted by Extant Taxon
Orthodox Freemasonry hardly seems to acknowledge such a basis for their philosophical and moral systems today though, do they?
I would say yes, since the reading materials and monitors usually make this pretty clear, not to mention the ritual, especially in the higher degrees.
Originally posted by Masonic Light
Originally posted by Extant Taxon
Freemasonry has ably demonstrated throughout its recent history the predisposition toward the very stereotype it is known for: cronyism, "nudge, nudge, wink, wink," I scratch your back, you scratch mine, and the maintenance of connections for purely mundane purposes amongst The Brotherhood.
This seems to be the opinion of many anti-Masons. Ironically, people who actually are Masons are practically universal in their testimony that such thing is fictitious.
Originally posted by Masonic Light
Originally posted by Extant Taxon
Most unfortunately reality does not conform to human instinct and has been shown to be resolutely counter-intuitive, in that the model of the world we produce is flawed and partial. We barely know the world outside of our skins, and even the world inside is a mystery.
The notion of there being moral absolutes emanating from a some universal metaphysical source is rather quaint and presumptuous. We, the human race, have absolutely no idea what is going on in the universe and perhaps one of the only true methods of open inquiry tending towards actual results, the scientific, is barely scratching the surface as to what is out there in the cosmos.
I am in full and complete disagreement that man lacks the ability to acquire true knowledge of himself, the universe, and the Deity. Again, that is precisely what Hermetica and Magism is about.
Originally posted by Masonic Light
Originally posted by Extant Taxon
It really wouldn't hurt for orthodox Freemasonry, UGLE in particular, to say, "Look, there should be an officially recognised form of women's masonry, but there are orders for women and orders for men. This is how it shall be ordered."
Why?
Originally posted by Masonic Light
Originally posted by Extant Taxon
As the male form of Freemasonry is the original, the paternal form, acknowledgement would be akin to a good father's blessing to a daughter to make their way in life. Not that such a thing need be done as regards female organizations of the self-determined variety, but the very gesture would go a long way in terms of public relations alone.
Is it not rather patronizing to assume that a group of women should have the blessing of Freemasonry in order to organize their own society?
It really wouldn't hurt for orthodox Freemasonry, UGLE in particular, to say, "Look, there should be an officially recognised form of women's masonry, but there are orders for women and orders for men. This is how it shall be ordered."
"There exist in England and Wales at least two Grand Lodges solely for women. Except that these bodies admit women, they are, so far as can be ascertained, otherwise regular in their practice. There is also one which admits both men and women to membership. They are not recognised by this Grand Lodge and intervisitaion may not take place. There are, however, informal discussions from time to time with the women's Grand Lodges on matters of mutual concern. Brethren are therefore free to explain to non-Masons, if asked, that Freemasonry is not confined to men (even though this Grand Lodge does not itself admit women).
Originally posted by Extant Taxon
As for fraternities only admitting women, well, the GOdF has no problem there do they? Oh, wait; they're "irregular" and an example of "pseudo-Masonry" eh? There's more of that political conservatism for you and the old "kettle-pot-black"...
I'll give orthodox Freemasonry this, they are inclusive in terms of faith, irenic even. But faith of some kind is required before you enter the organization, it requires belief, the blind faith I referred to, as a prerequisite.
As for not caring about the "pseudo-Masonry of the GOF," well, you cared enough on the subject to keep condemn them as such and disparage any question of legitimacy as an order they may pose.
My point is that the public face of the order today, especially in terms of public relations and to attract new members, has largely shied away from the more mystical, hermetic, and kabbalistic applications you mention. It's there in the history, sure, but now the organisation appears steadfastly materialist in reality; the metaphysical symbolism and philosophy almost seems like window dressing today.
I could be wrong then in one respect, maybe orthodox Freemasonry is moving somewhere (UGLE especially), moving away from what may be interpreted as irrational modes of thinking to what are viewed as rational - where all the iconography is merely metaphorical.
Then in that case the requirement for belief in a supreme being could merely be a token, emblematic of the need to believe in archaic notions like moral absolutes.
I never said that man (and woman, by any chance?) lacks the native ability to acquire deep knowledge of the cosmos. Just that we don't have it right now and that current methodologies have shown us just how wrong our intuitions can be. Therefore past knowledge gained that way is largely suspect, and has been consistently disproved by such processes we have today.
And I see no complaints from female members of Co-Freemasonry and women that are being initiated to the GOdF at the moment.
Originally posted by Masonic Light
Originally posted by Extant Taxon
I'll give orthodox Freemasonry this, they are inclusive in terms of faith, irenic even. But faith of some kind is required before you enter the organization, it requires belief, the blind faith I referred to, as a prerequisite.
You seem to confuse faith with "blind faith", which of course, are two completely different things (and are often opposed).
Originally posted by Masonic Light
Originally posted by Extant Taxon
As for not caring about the "pseudo-Masonry of the GOF," well, you cared enough on the subject to keep condemn them as such and disparage any question of legitimacy as an order they may pose.
I do not condemn the GOdF. I simply state the fact that they, for whatever they are, they are not "Masonic" in the correct definition of the term. I have nothing personal against the organization or its members.
Originally posted by Masonic Light
Originally posted by Extant Taxon
My point is that the public face of the order today, especially in terms of public relations and to attract new members, has largely shied away from the more mystical, hermetic, and kabbalistic applications you mention. It's there in the history, sure, but now the organisation appears steadfastly materialist in reality; the metaphysical symbolism and philosophy almost seems like window dressing today.
I agree with you on this, to a certain extent. Of course, there are also plenty of Masons who, although less vocal, certainly do understand the nature of the institution.
Originally posted by Masonic Light
Originally posted by Extant Taxon
I could be wrong then in one respect, maybe orthodox Freemasonry is moving somewhere (UGLE especially), moving away from what may be interpreted as irrational modes of thinking to what are viewed as rational - where all the iconography is merely metaphorical.
Then in that case the requirement for belief in a supreme being could merely be a token, emblematic of the need to believe in archaic notions like moral absolutes.
Moral absolutes and the Infinite are not irrational. It was not for nothing that the Wise King Solomon pointed out that "the fool hath said in his heart there is no God." The idea of moral absolutes is certainly nothing "archaic": from Plato to Kant, the great minds of the human race have agreed upon the existence of not only moral absolutes, but of a Divine Governor. The fact that scoffers exist changes nothing.
Originally posted by Masonic Light
Originally posted by Extant Taxon
I never said that man (and woman, by any chance?) lacks the native ability to acquire deep knowledge of the cosmos. Just that we don't have it right now and that current methodologies have shown us just how wrong our intuitions can be. Therefore past knowledge gained that way is largely suspect, and has been consistently disproved by such processes we have today.
I would agree that this is the case with "profane knowledge". However, the knowledge of the ancient sages and initiates is consistently affirmed. Consider the Corpus Hermeticum, or the Chaldean Oracles of Zoroaster ("God is he with the head of a hawk, having a spiral nature").
Originally posted by Masonic Light
Originally posted by Extant Taxon
And I see no complaints from female members of Co-Freemasonry and women that are being initiated to the GOdF at the moment.
The GOdF have abandoned the Mysteries. So what exactly are its candidates "initiated" into?
Secular humanism. And while anyone has the right to be a secular humanist if they so desire, it has nothing to do with initiation into the mysteries or ancient Masonry.
The Grand Orient de France, a humanist, initiatory and fraternal path
Three centuries of history
Modern Freemasonry is a product of the Age of Enlightenment. It is the outcome of the conversion, from 1645, of an old trade guild into an association of meetings and thoughts. In 1717 the first Grand Lodge was formed in London, the then “capital” of philosophical thinking. In continental Europe, the Grand Orient de France is the oldest and most significant Masonic order. It was founded in 1728 as the Première Grande Loge de France and adopted its current name and structure in 1773. Today, the Grand Orient comprises 47,000 members enrolled in more than 1,150 Lodges.
It offers a humanist, initiatory and fraternal path to contemporary men. In fact, to the Grand Orient de France, the advancement conferred upon the individual through the initiation process and Masonic approach imposes a duty upon Freemasons to also think about the problems of the world and social issues. It is one of its differentiating traits from other Masonic orders. Why improve a man – intellectually, morally or spiritually – if it does not lead him to take an interest in his “fellow man and his fate?”
The humanist way
In the Grand Orient de France tradition of research and freedom, the Masonic initiation must transform all the facets of man. It maintains the tenets proclaimed by Brother Chevalier de Ramsay in 1738: "Man is not simply characterized by the languages he speaks, the clothes he wears, the countries he inhabits, or the honours bestowed upon him. The whole world is but one huge Republic... It is to rekindle and share these essential values of human nature that society was established." Freemasons of the Grand Orient are amongst the main agents responsible for the introduction and deep rooting of the Republican ideal that now forms part of the
French identity.
Somehow they consider themselves as guardians and avant-gardes of the republican regime, the sole champion of individual prosperity in Liberty, Equality and Fraternity. The Grand Orient de France’s history is the succession of paths taken by its members aspiring to give substance to these values. Today the work of Masons is mainly focused on keeping these humanistic principles alive in a world that is continually changing and in search of new benchmarks.
The initiation
Refined over centuries, the symbolic language of rituals tends to universality and enables congregation away from the challenges of daily life and beyond usual divides. Masonic fraternity with the lodge as its crucible must be a forum for questioning and debates between men of goodwill regardless of their beliefs. In this light a clash of ideas aimed at understanding what unites humanity is one of the keys of initiation. The features of the initiatory path present the essential tool that enables masons to understand the raison d’être of their being and to fuse within this understanding the raison d’être of a freedom seeking humanity. Masonic rituals are experienced as tools that give access to wisdom.
Freedom of beliefs
Throughout the eighteenth century, Grand Lodges the world over commenced to recruit non-Christians. In the nineteenth century the Grand Orient de France pushed the boundaries further by offering Masonic initiation to all men who abided by the “moral laws” in accordance with the Anderson Constitution of 1723. In its faithful pursuit to become “the Centre of Union between people who otherwise would have forever remained distant,” in 1877, the Grand Orient de France abolished the requirement for its members to believe in God and the immortality of the soul thereby giving birth to the “liberal” and “non-dogmatic” Freemasonry; bringing together believers and non-believers alike and guaranteeing its members absolute freedom of conscience and research. The Grand Orient considers metaphysical concepts to be a purely personal matter. The lodges within the Grand Orient de France are therefore free to operate within the auspices of Universal Freemasonry or the glory of the Great Architect of the Universe. They follow a humanistic approach balanced between deliberation on the city and initiatory work.
The principal pillar of French Freemasonry
Since it was formed the Grand Orient de France has contended to be federator of French Freemasonry. In fact, up until World War II, almost two thirds of French Masons were united under its banner. Today, it is the only major traditional Masonic order that maintains brotherly relationships with all other Masonic orders including mixed and feminine, recognising their full Masonic legitimacy.
Originally posted by Extant Taxon
Faith is by nature blind.
Belief in an entity only "evidenced" by myraid conflicting ancient texts on the nature of this alleged divinity, which always seem to have been the amalgam projections of the faithful in question.
As with just about every idea born of the minds of men, and women, there are opposing views. Orthodox Freemasonry has about as much right to say what is regular or not, in the final analysis, as the Catholic Church has to say on Christianity. I find the traditional Gnostic, mysteries-based aspect of Freemasonry fascinating, but perhaps even more fascinating is the move into the mysteries (the unknown) beyond the mystical roots of the institution that other groups, designated "irregular" (very much like heresy is to the Catholic Church, no?), aspire to. It's the true great unknown they are striving for, perhaps?
Belief in moral absolutes is a retrograde notion. Morals are arbitrary conventions according to individual cultures, shaped by the environment and its stresses.
What is a moral absolute to bacterium? To a virus?
As for great minds such as Plato, his idea of moral absolutes differed greatly from today. Ancient Greek culture openly condoned pederasty as a social good, a rigid caste system, slavery, the female as chattel goods, etc.
Why trust his intuition on the idealist plane, which only served to further the authority of the elite he wished to create, the philosopher-kings who he designated as the only beings morally justified to perceive the unseen qualities of divinity?
But you shouldn't misunderstand me, I don't outright deny that powers beyond our comprehension exist in the cosmos, and beyond that plane as well; it's entirely possible. I just don't think a "sacred text" exists that correctly identifies or categorises such a thing. What's that oft-repeated quote? "Not only is the universe stranger than we imagine, it is stranger than we can possibly imagine!"
Originally posted by Masonic Light
Originally posted by Extant Taxon
Faith is by nature blind.
Not at all. For example, I have faith that the sun will rise in the morning. This is not a "blind" faith but is instead based upon supporting phenomena.
Originally posted by Masonic Light
Originally posted by Extant Taxon
Belief in an entity only "evidenced" by myraid conflicting ancient texts on the nature of this alleged divinity, which always seem to have been the amalgam projections of the faithful in question.
Why would you automatically assume that I (or anyone else) believe in God because it's only evidenced by texts? In fact, I don't remember ever saying anything about any texts having anything to do with faith.
Originally posted by Masonic Light
Originally posted by Extant Taxon
As with just about every idea born of the minds of men, and women, there are opposing views. Orthodox Freemasonry has about as much right to say what is regular or not, in the final analysis, as the Catholic Church has to say on Christianity. I find the traditional Gnostic, mysteries-based aspect of Freemasonry fascinating, but perhaps even more fascinating is the move into the mysteries (the unknown) beyond the mystical roots of the institution that other groups, designated "irregular" (very much like heresy is to the Catholic Church, no?), aspire to. It's the true great unknown they are striving for, perhaps?
The examples are not analogous because the Gnostic Church did not derive from the Roman Church, but shared a common origin. Quite obviously, the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Churches are closer to primitive Christianity than, say, the modern mega-churches of the evangelicals.
Originally posted by Masonic Light
Concerning groups like the GOdF, I do not consider them "heretical". It's just that for an organization to be Masonic it must abide by certain landmarks. I'm not saying that there's anything intrinsically wrong with the GOdF: only that it cannot, by definition, be classified as "Masonic" if by "Masonic" we mean organizations who preserve the ancient landmarks of the order.
Originally posted by Masonic Light
Originally posted by Extant Taxon
Belief in moral absolutes is a retrograde notion. Morals are arbitrary conventions according to individual cultures, shaped by the environment and its stresses.
This notion was considered by the great philosophers mentioned, and rejected. I am in agreeance with them.
Originally posted by Masonic Light
Originally posted by Extant Taxon
What is a moral absolute to bacterium? To a virus?
Bacteria and viruses do no meet the Kantian qualification of a "rational being". One subject to the absolute moral law must know and understand the difference between right and wrong. Man, as a rational being, is therefore a moral being, at least in the sense that he is subject to moral law (not that he will necessarily obey it).
Originally posted by Masonic Light
Originally posted by Extant Taxon
As for great minds such as Plato, his idea of moral absolutes differed greatly from today. Ancient Greek culture openly condoned pederasty as a social good, a rigid caste system, slavery, the female as chattel goods, etc.
It should be noted that Plato himself did not condone pederasty (thus the concept of Platonic love). Furthermore, the philosophers also opposed the ideas of slavery, women as goods, etc. In fact, that's why they were often persecuted by the status quo.
Originally posted by Masonic Light
Originally posted by Extant Taxon
Why trust his intuition on the idealist plane, which only served to further the authority of the elite he wished to create, the philosopher-kings who he designated as the only beings morally justified to perceive the unseen qualities of divinity?
It is a fact that not every individual is equipped to bear the highest truths.
Originally posted by Masonic Light
Many of the sacred texts were written by very wise men. Others contain folklore, myths, etc. We should take them for what they're worth, but I've never suggested that we rely on sacred texts for everything (or even anything).
[b[Today women are still largely absent from Masonic lodges. Yet few rational arguments can be summoned to account for such an exclusion. The argument of tradition, which is the most frequently put forward, only holds for Anderson’s Constitutions as no such explicit ban against women can be found in the Old Charges. The significance of Elisabeth Aldworth St Leger’s initiation by an Irish Lodge is probably more symbolical than historical as it was a single occurrence never repeated. Yet the event was never denied by the Irish masons at the time, although it probably deterred the “brethren” from renewing the experience and mostly reinforced their convictions on the issue of female initiation. Women however did enter the lodges afterwards, first in the lodges of adoption, and later in co-masonry as well as specific female lodges.
The lodges of adoption have sometimes been considered as a low key form of masonry, a kind of ersatz masonry meant to humour women. Yet their importance and significance should not be underplayed as Margaret Jacob and Janet Burke in particular have recently shown. The lodges of adoption which emerged in Holland and France during the Enlightenment highlight the main features of women’s commitment in those days, with the same limitations, namely the elitist and aristocratic component. Yet they conveyed some important values, let alone possibly through their rituals, and they allowed women to play an unprecedented part in the public sphere, not unlike the celebrated “French salons”.
We may wonder whether those lodges merely reflected the society of their time or whether they anticipated and even encouraged the emancipation of women. How emblematical are they of Enlightenment sociability? Quite significantly the adoption lodges lost lustre at the same time as the Enlightenment. When they emerged again as the Eastern Star in the United States in the following century they were quite different. The nineteenth century Masonic world was predominantly a male one and it would be interesting to find the reasons why. One has to wait till the end of the nineteenth century to find a female presence again in Masonic lodges with women such as Annie Besant, Madame Blavatsky, Clémence Royer or Louise Michel, sometimes in close connection with the Theosophical Society, as in the case of Annie Besant.
We shall endeavour to identify the main evolutions in women’s commitment, both through co masonry, which appeared at the end of the nineteenth century and through female lodges which date back to the twentieth century only. All those women fought for equality, but some hoped to reach it alongside with men while others opted for autonomy in separate lodges. We shall try to understand those choices both in terms of structures and rituals. We shall focus on the social composition of co masonry and women’s lodges, and try to assess how far they committed themselves to the society of their time or preferred to remain discreet. Women’s’ lodges developed in some countries only, we shall try to suggest possible explanations for such disparity. Lodges and Grand Lodges as well as individual itineraries will be studied.
The different factors of exclusion need to be addressed:
- the cultural, social and political factor. Is there a direct link between the development of co masonry and women’s lodges on the one hand and social progress, women’s emancipation and strong feminist movements in the twentieth and twenty first centuries? Why do Scandinavian countries, which have become respectful of women’s rights, or the United Kingdom, the Suffragettes’ country which enfranchised women long before France, lag behind in terms of female initiation?
- the religious factor. How far does the religious context inform the issue of women’s initiation? Can one identify different attitudes in Catholic, Protestant, Islamic or Orthodox countries?
- the Masonic factor : the rift between English speaking freemasonry and “liberal” freemasonry dates back to 1877, when the Grand Orient de France decided to grant complete liberty of conscience to its members instead of imposing a belief in the Supreme being. Curiously enough the issue of women’s admission into freemasonry has also been a dividing one ever since that time. English speaking Grand Lodges and their affiliates exclude women, whereas “liberal” ones accept the idea of initiation, even if the statement needs to be qualified for the latter.
Several levels of exclusion can be identified today : women can either be considered as unfit for initiation, which is still officially the case in the United Kingdom, the USA and in all the Grand Lodges which pay allegiance to the United Grand Lodge of England and in the Prince Hall Grand Lodges, or their presence can be accepted and encouraged but in separate organizations, not considered as Masonic but meant to enhance the male lodges through their charity work: this is the case of the Eastern Star chapters. As to the Women Freemasons, they are still deprived of official recognition by the United Grand Lodge of England. Finally, the “liberal” Grand Lodges are themselves divided on the issue of women’s admission into the lodges. Some have opted for co masonry; others have put the admission of women on the agenda, while others reject the very notion.
How far can one speak of Masonic universalism, how far does gender inform the Masonic issue? Our purpose is twofold. We shall address the problem of women’s exclusion under its various guises and try to uncover some of the motivations, and we shall also concentrate on the specificity of female freemasonry both in time and space, from the earliest lodges to the modern ones, in Europe, Asia and the Americas. Conversely we shall wonder how feminist criticism has viewed women’s freemasonry, from the lodges of adoption to contemporary lodges. We welcome different approaches, and would like the historical and geographical scopes to be broad enough to allow for a better understanding of differences, common points and evolutions.
Originally posted by bdb818888
Can Atheist , Muslims , Jews , Hindu's, Buddhist, Satanist an Agnostic Join the Free Masons ? Or is it a Christian only club ? Please help me out here , I've always heard it was a Christian only organization ,Is this True ?
Man never had the right to usurp the unexercised prerogative of God, and condemn and punish another for his belief. Born in a Protestant land, we are of that faith. If we had opened our eyes to the light under the shadows of St. Peter's at Rome, we should have been devout Catholics: Born in the Jewish quarter of Aleppo, we should have contemned Christ as an impostor; in Constantinople, we should have cried "Allah il Allah, God is great and Mahmot is his prophet!" Birth, place, and education give us our faith. Few believe in any religion because they have examined the evidences of its authenticity, and made up a formal judgment, upon weighing the testimony. Not one man in ten thousand knows anything about the proofs of his faith. We believe what we are taught; and those are most fanatical who know least of the evidences on which their creed is based. Facts and testimony are not, except in very rare instances, the ground-work of faith. It is an imperative law of God's Economy, unyielding and inflexible as Himself, that man shall accept without question the belief of those among whom he is born and reared; the faith so made part of his nature resists all evidence to the contrary; and he will disbelieve even the evidence of his own senses, rather than yield up the religious belief which has grown up in him, flesh of his flesh and bone of his bone.
...
Therefore no man that or ever had a right to persecute another for his belief: for there cannot be two antagonistic rights: and if one can persecute another, because he himself is satisfied that the belief of that other is erroneous, the other has, for the same reason, equally as certain a right to persecute him.
...
No evil hath so afflicted the world as intolerance of religious opinion. The human beings it has slain in various ways, if once and together brought to life, would make a nation of people: left to live and increase, would have doubled the population of the civilized portion of the globe; among which civilized portion it chiefly is that religious wars are waged. The treasure and the human labour thus lost would have made the earth a garden, in which, but for his evil passions, man might now be as happy as in Eden.
And no man truly obeys the Masonic law who merely tolerates those whose religious opinions are opposed to his own. Every man's opinions are his own private property, and the rights of all men to maintain each his own are perfectly equal. Merely to tolerate, to bear with an opposing opinion, is to assume it to be heretical; and assert the right to persecute, if we would; and claim our toleration of it as a merit. The Mason's creed goes further than that. No man, it holds, has any right in any way to interfere with the religious belief of another. It holds that each man is absolutely sovereign as to his own belief, and that belief is a matter absolutely foreign to all who do not entertain the same belief; because one party has the same right as the other to sit as judge in his own case: and God is the only magistrate that can rightfully decide between them...
Originally posted by AlbertPike
And no man truly obeys the Masonic law who merely tolerates those whose religious opinions are opposed to his own. Every man's opinions are his own private property, and the rights of all men to maintain each his own are perfectly equal. Merely to tolerate, to bear with an opposing opinion, is to assume it to be heretical; and assert the right to persecute, if we would; and claim our toleration of it as a merit. The Mason's creed goes further than that. No man, it holds, has any right in any way to interfere with the religious belief of another. It holds that each man is absolutely sovereign as to his own belief, and that belief is a matter absolutely foreign to all who do not entertain the same belief; because one party has the same right as the other to sit as judge in his own case: and God is the only magistrate that can rightfully decide between them...
Magnum Opus, Ch. XXIX, pp12-13
In 2010, France's largest Masonic obedience, the Grand Orient de France, with about 50,000 members, voted to admit women into its lodges. The decision was left to the individual lodge, and required no special permission.
Well, women aren't exactly flocking to the doors of the GOF's lodges. According to Au GODF : mais où sont les femmes ? by François Koch:
• 53 women are now members of GOF (including twenty affiliations transferred mostly from the Grande Loge Feminine de France)
• 160 requests for initiation of women or affiliations sisters are being processed.
• Only one in five GOF lodges have refused to accommodate women.
The Grand Orient of France does not require its members to profess a belief in a Supreme Being, does not require lodges to have a Volume of Sacred Law on their alters, and does not prohibit taking official positions on religious and political issues. It is regarded as irregular by the majority of the Masonic world.
There are at least ten Masonic allegiances of varying importance in France. The GOF has just under 50,000 members. The Grande Loge Nationale Française (male only) has about 38,000 members, and is the obedience that is most uniformly recognized as regular by the majority of grand lodges around the world. The male only Grande Loge de France (GLdF) has 28,000.
Women make up approximately 17% of the Freemasons in France at various other grand lodges. Le Droit Humain (DH) is a Co-Masonic obedience which claims 15,000 members, and the Grande Loge Feminine de France (GLFF), represents some 14,000 women.
It should be noted by all of us in the US that every one of the grand lodges in France have steadily increased their membership over the last six years.