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Refractive index
The refractive index or index of refraction of a substance is a measure of the speed of light in that substance. It is expressed as a ratio of the speed of light in vacuum relative to that in the considered medium.[note 1] The velocity at which light travels in vacuum is a physical constant, and the fastest speed at which energy or information can be transferred. However, light travels slower through any given material, or medium, that is not vacuum. (See: light in a medium).[1][2][3][4]
A simple, mathematical description of refractive index is as follows:
n = velocity of light in a vacuum / velocity of light in medium
Hence, the refractive index of water is 1.33, meaning that light travels 1.33 times as fast in a vacuum as it does in water.
As light exits a medium, such as air, water or glass, it may also change its propagation direction in proportion to the refractive index (see Snell's law). By measuring the angle of incidence and angle of refraction of the light beam, the refractive index n can be determined. Refractive index of materials varies with the frequency of radiated light. This results in a slightly different refractive index for each color. The cited values of refractive indexes, such as 1.33 for water, are taken for yellow light of a sodium source which has the wavelength of 589.3 nanometers.[1][2][5]
Originally posted by Anjaba
I have been reading your various posts about the lensing that may be occurring throughout the universe and I do think that it is very interesting.
How does the post talking about cold-fusion/superconductors tie into your research on lensing in space? You know the one talking about deriving planck's constant etc. I recall you getting very excited about his discoveries/work.
I have an older friend who is an electrical engineer and has a crazy workshop with all kinds of huge rare earth magnets and tube amplifiers etc.. He is a computer coder also and worked on radio telescope arrays in his past. He has that Mad Scientist feel, lol. He works on all kinds of random experiments trying to validate out of the box ideas, so I try to let him know what I read about. He's hopefully going to take a look at Znidarsic's work for me. I'll ask him about your various posts too.
Are you saying that we may not be hundreds of light years away, and that it's all an illusion as far as our actual distance from other bodies outside the sun's field?