10% the speed of light? That's 30 million meters per second, 98 million feet per second, or around 67 million miles per hour! Inconceivable!
Currently the fastest (unclassified) railgun, at Sandia National Lab, can fire a 0.1 gram projectile to 16000 m/s (12.8 kilojoules of kinetic energy),
three orders of magnitude less than what your friend proposed. Equally impressive, Maxwell Labs has a railgun that can accelerate a 1.6 kilogram
projectile to 3300 m/s (almost 9 megajoules of energy!). For comparison, an average pickup truck travelling at 80 mph only has about 1 megajoule.
Sam Barros' Power Labs has some great information regarding railguns, and other advanced technologies.
Maybe your friend was thinking of a particle accelerator?
Fermilab's Tevatron accelerator can accelerate particles up
to 0.98 TeV (trillion electron volts), which is 1.6e-7 J. Doesn't sound like much, but you have to realize that it's a proton that's begin
accelerated, which has a rest mass of only 1.7e-27 kg. Now, calculating the velocity is a bit of a pain, since we need to account for relativistic
effects, so I'm going to leave that as an exercise for the reader. Just know that we're talking darn near the speed of light (I beleive it's
something like 0.999c).