Stigmata (from 'stigmon' = branding mark of an animal or a slave &tc.) are generally regarded as the (5) physical marks found among hysterics (esp
religious hysterics, e.g. ascetics) and generally 'ultra-religious' persons who focus upon the socalled 5-holy-wounds of R. Yehoshua bar Yosef the
Galilean Nazir (Gk. 'Iesous'), who led a rebelliion against Rome and was caught/summarily-tried/sentenced/ executed by Roman Crucifixion during the
reign of the 'divine' Emperor Tiberius at Pesach (Passover) in 36CE in Jerusalem -- ostensibly for breach of Lex Maiestatis (the so-called 'No King
but Caesar' Law) and for armed Sedition against Rome (see Luke 22:35-45) where the slave of the high priest's ear seems to have gone missing.
Typically the iconography portrays this man (Gk. 'Iesous') as being nailed to a T or a Cross beam through the feet and the palms, and covered neatly
with a loincloth &tc. but of course, executed criminals in Roman occupied Palestine in the years leading up to the 1st Failed Jewish War against Rome
(66CE to 72CE, where 900,000 Judaeans were wiped out) were nailed to posts or T's or X's in a wide variety of shapes THROUGH THE WRISTS and ANKLES
in order to support the weight of the body which was further alleviated by a 'SEDILLA' (i.e. an anal plug/large pike) placed into the anus as an
'additional insult'. The victim was also generally scourged first (with various types of flagella, or whips with small bones or metal teeth at the
ends) and stripped NAKED.
One of the WORST insults in Roman times you could say to someone was:
WHY DON'T YOU TAKE YOUR SEAT (SEDILLA) UPON THE CROSS (CRUX) ? referring to this very degrading form of humiliation and slow death.
Victims of Crucifixion were often plagued by audiences throwing food and other objects (e.g. excrement) as well as being openly de-bowelled and even
were slowly castrated as well in front of the jeering crowds with a sign of his/her offence placed above the head (TITULUS) . Sometiems, their
children (especially babies) were generally choked to death and Slung with ropes over the neck of the crucified criminal as well, adding insult to
injury. The victims of this cruel torture (average length of time to die is 90 hours) generally died of asphyxiation since the lungs generally
collapse or fill with liquid over time.
Modern 'religious' persons who 'meditate' upon a statue or model of a 'Roman Catholic Crucifix' i.e. showing the failed insurrectionist
(Iesous)with the nails through palms (which would tear loose) and the feet (ditto) (with or without a wound to the side) would often start to get dark
spots on the same places in their own bodies resembling a 'Bruise' which would then sometimes appear to bleed, or the skin would be completely
broken through as they went further and further into trance states of delusional 'hysteria'---the majority of cases seem to be females but there are
a number of famous male cases (e.g. Padre Pio of Rome, or St Francis of Assisi, St Catherine of Siena, &tc. and also (possibly ?) Saul of Tarsus 'I
bear on my body the wounds of Iesous' who never met 'Iesous' in the flesh, only in dreams and visions...)
en.wikipedia.org...
Because the religious-hysteric generally has NO knowledge of the actual physical workings / anatomical details of a 'real' 1st century Roman
Crucifixion (there are some bones still extant in tombs with nails still attached, so we know how they were placed through the bones), he/she merely
develops 'wounds' where he THINKS they should be..i.e. following the 'recipe' of the statue they are staring at (or by gazing or meditating upon
an image in their minds that they are thinking about based on such iconography e.g. a statue or a painting or even an oral description).
The iconography is generally based upon mis-informed (or Midrashically guided by various and sundry Hebrew scriptures from the OT, e.g. 'Princes in
that Day shall be suspeded by their hands') Gospel depictions of the wounds of R. Yehoshua bar Yosef (see Luke 24: 36-40 and John 20: 19-29 &tc.)
If the 'hysteric' for example was shown a depiction of 'iesous' with the nail going through the center of the forehead of this man instead of his
hands/feet, he/she would develop a bleeding wound above the eyes below the hairline, because it is his/her mind which is 'internally' causing the
'stigmata' and not any external force or mind being imposed upon the body.
[edit on 25-1-2010 by Sigismundus]