Originally posted by ZombieOctopus
Originally posted by wx4caster
sure you notice that in the last ten years or so... but what happens when in another ten years you guys are buried in snow.
I find it hard to believe that you're a meteorologist and believe that the Earth goes through 10 year cycles of warming and cooling...
[edit on 11/8/2009 by ZombieOctopus]
the earth does o through warming and cooling cycles. it is not 10 years exactly, i simply put a nice even figure out there so as not to get into
useless semantics, but if you must then fine...
the earth has a major cyle of about 1500 years based on the sun. it is not clock work and 1500 years is an average. this information is based loosley
upon historical data from ice samples and other natural tell tales such as tree growth and sediment types.
but there are other cycles, that can be based on other things such as ocean temperature and salinity. these cycles are still not understood, and can
be as small as 5-50 years.
sea surface temperature (SST) has an enormous role in weather as you may have heard of the el-nino and la-nina, both are climate chages based on SST.
the temperature effects evaporation rate and available water vapor, and oceanic circulation has a global effect on general climate and global and
macroscale weather patterns.
interestingly enough, there are still more things that can effect even yearly cycles such as longwave patterns. this describes the ridging and
troughing of the heights of the upper atosphere. generally sepaking there are about 7 long wave troughs in the northern hemisphere, and these patterns
"steer" the baroclinic mid-lat lows that are what cause rain and snow.
the normal or "positive" pattern for the north in the winter is ridging in the west and troughing in the east. this causes the lows that develp in
the mid west east of the rockies (due to adiabatic warming from drier air...its long and complicated, but if you wanna know just ask) to trake into
the great lakes and occlude, eventually becoming a decaying wave in the vicinity of the james bay. or the lows that form off the the coast of north
carolina (due to Cp airmasses interacting with the warmer gulfstream waters) to track NE along the coast and sometimes developing rapidly and becoming
those pesky nor'easters, occluding in the new england and decaying in novascotia or being absorbed by the icelandic low.
if the pattern is reversed with troughing in the west and ridging in the east, the lows tend to track further northward. this has a two fold effect.
one: lows need moisture to produce precipitation. so the lows that try to form east of the rockies will form further north, similar to what is called
an alberta clipper, and lacking any moisture source, they really just drop the temperature by dragging artic air out of central canada. and lows
generally dont form off of hatteras because in ridging the source airmass is the Mt iarmass that would be homogenous with the gulf stream. you do see
some pretty nasty storms on the west coast, but they still have to get across the rockies, and the rockies act like a sponge drying out the storm and
generally disrupting the low, causing it to undergo cyclolosis.
the long wave pattern changes by the order of weeks. so if you enter winter with a negative pattern, and have weak troughing through the positive
cycle, you could very well see little snow. and if the ridging is strong enough you could see what is calle "unseasonally" warmer temperatures that
could easily result in snow melt and having bare ground in winter.
this is out of the "ordinary" sure.
see there are what is called semi permanent pressure features. the equature is marked by lower pressures, while the 30º lat is marked by generally
higher pressures, 60 is generally lower and the poles are generally higher. this is due to a vertical global circulation known as the 3 cell theory
consisting of the polar ferral and hadley cells. that is why you have the aleutian low ner the aleutian island chain, and the icelandic low, and you
also have the pacific high and the bermuda or atlantic high pressure. these features help to create cyclogenisis downstream of the longwave trough
axis.
petterson's rule tells us that if an area of upper level divergence is superimposed over a surface boundary, cyclogenisis will occur, and downstream
of the longwave trough axis is where you see the most U/L div.
snowfall, temperatures, rain amounts, all of that is based upon basic meteorological synoptic features and earths surface terrain...
and it all happens in cycles, sometimes cycles line up and cause extremes, sometimes they dont.