Gorbachev is full of crap. There was no risk of WW3 in regard to East Germany, and that is not why he didn't intervene. By 1989 Gorbachev's
extreme "shock therapy" reforms have spiralled out of control, and so had his leadership and grasp of power. By that time it was clear to the
"reformists" that the USSR is set to split, and everyone was too busy figuring out how to best cut up the pie. Gorbachev tried to keep the USSR in
one piece, but by that time it was too late.
The main reason why he didn't intervene in East Germany, is because there was a rising rift among the senior leadership and he could not have reached
a consensus on action in regard to East Germany. Unlike what many people think, Soviet Union was not run by one man, at least not in late 1980's.
Gorbachev needed approval to act, and despite what he says now it will never be known whether he personally wanted to intervene or not. Another
reason why there was no intervention is that other republics of USSR were already showing signs of wanting independence. If the Soviet leadership was
to intervene in Germany, it would need to intervene in other republics as well - and that would be too costly and still wouldn't delay the demise of
the USSR.
Gorbachev likes to speak of himself now as some sort of a savior. He isn't. He was reckless with his reforms and let himself be controlled by
"reformist" interests, and in doing so lost his grip on power. Eventually these "reformists" within the Soviet government were the ones who
overthrew him and the hardline Communists in 1991.
Originally posted by JIMC5499
I have to disagree with the statement that NATO wouldn't have interfered because they were out gunned. The Soviets had severe problems with the
reliability of their weapons systems due to a lack of spare parts and poor maintaince.
Even if what you say is true, the NATO didn't know it. Reagan's foreign policy and renewed weapons build-up proves this point. NATO didn't
discover the true state of the Soviet military until after the dissolution of USSR. And even then, in 1989 the two sides were pretty much matched in
capability, at least on land. The arguement of which side was stronger is futile and endless - there are simply too many factors to consider.
Originally posted by JIMC5499
At the time that this happened the Soviets were also moving their primary forces East to prevent their being siezed in the event of
rebellion.
The withdrawal of Soviet forces was not fully underway yet in 1989. And the withdrawal was not because of the fear that the units would be ceased.
Simply the units were no longer needed in those regions if the Soviet leadership was letting the republics proceed with becoming independent.
Fact is, that NATO would never have risked a World War for East Germany, or any other Soviet bloc republic for that matter. Direct confrontation
between the Cold War opponents was limited to proxy wars. By 1989 NATO had to be aware that the Soviet Union was beginning to gradually fall apart.
Best approach for them then would have been to just let nature take its course. Any direct interference by NATO could in fact have delayed the fall
of the Soviet Union, and would have given the hardline Communists a rallying point.