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The European Medicines Agency has recommended to the European Commission that Pandemrix, made by GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), be granted a licence for use across Europe, including the UK. A second vaccine, also intended for use in the UK – Celvapan, which is made by Baxter – is still being considered by the European Medicines Agency.
Pandemrix, marketed as Prepandrix, is a pre-pandemic influenza vaccine for the H5N1 virus, or Bird flu. The vaccine contains an Immunologic adjuvant and an inactivated flu virus from a strain of the H5N1 virus found in Vietnam in 2004 (A/Vietnam/1194/2004). A pre-pandemic vaccine is intended for use in the early stages of a pandemic before a pandemic vaccine can be developed specifically for that outbreak. The vaccine is the H5N1 vaccine approved for use by the European Commission on 20th May 2008 upon the recommendations of The European Medicines Agency (EMEA).[1] The vaccine is only approved for use when a H5N1 Influenza pandemic has been officially declared by the WHO or EU, since the vaccine only offers significant inoculation for up to 6 months.[2]
What is Celvapan? Celvapan is a vaccine that is given by injection. It contains influenza (flu) viruses that have been inactivated (killed). Celvapan contains a flu strain called A/VietNam/1203/2004 (H5N1).
The recent worldwide spread of the swine-origin H1N1 2009 influenza outbreak has resulted in its designation as a pandemic by the World Health Organization. While it appears to result in mild symptoms, concern still exists that a more severe influenza pandemic with a high case fatality ratio might arise by reassortment or mutation of the currently circulating avian influenza (H5N1) virus. Given that recently developed candidate pre-pandemic H5N1 vaccines have shown potential for cross-strain protection, we investigated alternative vaccination strategies that exploit such vaccines using an agent-based simulation model of an actual community of approximately 30 000 people in a developed country
Originally posted by thoughtsfull
So ask yourself what is the chance that the Swine flu will combine with bird flu to create a hybrid, which has the potential to be both contagious AND lethal..
Where pig herds and poultry flocks are located on the same premises, biosecurity precautions should be in place to minimise the risk of disease spreading between units.
The vaccines concerned are Focetria (Novartis) and Pandemrix (GlaxoSmithKline). Decisions on the granting of European Union-wide marketing authorisations for the vaccines by the European Commission are expected shortly. Vaccination strategies are decided by the government in each EU Member State, taking into account the information provided by the Agency for each vaccine.
Focetria and Pandemrix were authorised using the so-called ‘mock-up’ approach. This approach allowed development and authorisation of these vaccines in advance of the pandemic, based on information generated with a different virus strain that could have caused a pandemic (an H5N1 influenza virus strain). Once the A(H1N1)v virus strain causing the pandemic was identified by the Word Health Organization, the manufacturers were able to include it in the mock-up vaccines to prepare final pandemic vaccines.