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Originally posted by Phage
reply to post by MischeviousElf
If by "shockwave" mean the neutrinos released by the explosion, well, they don't do much. There are a gazillion of them flying right through you as you read this
Originally posted by tomcat ha
besides we have had supernovas in the past aswell.
Live on earth has been around for long enough and as far as i know we cant link a mass extinction event with any supernova.
By the way, you seem to have a different definition of science fiction than I do. I consider it to be fiction which is based on scientific fact.
Betelgeuse's mass is at the lower end of the range to produce a black hole.
Betelgeuse is a red supergiant
relatively luminous, and one of the largest stars known
It depends on how much mass remains after the supernova but the most likely outcome is that it will become a neutron star rather than a black hole.
If the mass exceeds about three solar masses, then even neutron degeneracy will not stop the collapse, and the core shrinks toward the black hole condition
theory suggests that a Type Ia supernova would have to be closer than a thousand parsecs (3300 light-years) to affect the Earth.
I don't know what this "kick" you speak of could be,
In any case the core will maintain its angular momentum and continue to spin with the same, or close to the same, axis it now has. We know that axis and we know that it is not "aimed" at us.
A long-standing puzzle surrounding supernovae has been a need to explain why the compact object remaining after the explosion is given a large velocity away from the core [snip] This kick can be substantial, propelling an object of more than a solar mass at a velocity of 500 km/s or greater.
This displacement is believed to be caused by an asymmetry in the explosion, but the mechanism by which this momentum is transferred to the compact object has remained a puzzle. Some explanations for this kick include convection in the collapsing star and jet production during neutron star formation.
but in cosmic terms, 1000 km/s is not very fast.
As I pointed out,
the initial shockwave from the supernova travels at speeds near 10,000 km/s.
Astronomers have suspected for more than a decade that supernova shock waves can act like giant particle accelerators. The basic idea is this: As the remnant of a dead star hurtles through space at up to 30 million kilometers per hour, it creates a shock wave as it interacts with the so-called interstellar medium (ISM). Protons in the shock wave get trapped by the magnetic field of the ISM, which bounces the protons back toward the remnant. But the remnant has its own magnetic field, which repels the protons.
Each bounce adds more energy, and eventually the magnetic tennis match accelerates the protons to nearly the speed of light. Knocked free of the remnant and out into deep space, some of the protons finally hit Earth's atmosphere. The particles are so energetic that astronauts have reported seeing flashes of light--caused by single protons striking their retinas--even when their eyes are closed.
It is unlikely that there is a dangerous black hole closer to us than Betelgeuse.
Originally posted by Donnie Darko
It would create a period of "nightlessness" on Earth because the explosion would be so bright, which would definitely create some kind of consciousness shift, don't you think?
Just imagine if there wasn't a night!
Originally posted by Phage
reply to post by MischeviousElf
Let's see, our galaxy has an estimated 3 billion to 100 billion stars, maybe even more. We obviously haven't taken a full inventory. Fifty of them going supernova each year doesn't seem like very many.
One last and important matter. You say that the angular momentum of the star is irrelevant to the axis of rotation of the black hole which may be produced. Can you explain that, rather than just saying it's incorrect? Please explain what happens to the momentum of 5+ solar masses? That's a pretty heavy gyroscope. What forces can cause it to be substantially changed? The "kick" you are talking about may move the core through space but I can find nothing about it changing the axis of rotation. The hypothesized asymmetry which causes the kick occurs during the explosion phase. The core obtains its rotation during the collapse phase. Is there something which occurs during this phase which can apply enough torque to disturb the axis?