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Bacterial Coinfections in Lung Tissue Specimens from Fatal Cases of 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) --- United States, May--August 2009
In previous influenza pandemics, studies of autopsy specimens have shown that most deaths attributed to influenza A virus infection occurred concurrently with bacterial pneumonia (1), but such evidence has been lacking for 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1). To help determine the role of bacterial coinfection in the current influenza pandemic, CDC examined postmortem lung specimens from patients with fatal cases of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) for bacterial causes of pneumonia. During May 1--August 20, 2009, medical examiners and local and state health departments submitted specimens to CDC from 77 U.S. patients with fatal cases of confirmed 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1). This report summarizes the demographic and clinical findings from these cases and the laboratory evaluation of the specimens. Evidence of concurrent bacterial infection was found in specimens from 22 (29%) of the 77 patients, including 10 caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus). Duration of illness was available for 17 of the 22 patients; median duration was 6 days (range: 1--25 days). Fourteen of 18 patients for whom information was available sought medical care while ill, and eight (44%) were hospitalized. These findings confirm that bacterial lung infections are occurring among patients with fatal cases of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) and underscore both the importance of pneumococcal vaccination for persons at increased risk for pneumococcal pneumonia and the need for early recognition of bacterial pneumonia in persons with influenza.
2009 H1N1 and Seasonal Influenza Infections and Invasive Pneumococcal Disease
What is invasive pneumococcal disease?
Invasive pneumococcal disease is an infection caused by a type of bacteria called Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus). Invasive disease means that germs invade parts of the body that are normally free from germs, like blood or spinal fluid. When this happens, disease is usually very severe, causing hospitalization or even death. When pneumococcal bacteria invade the lungs, they can cause pneumonia. They can also invade the bloodstream, causing bacteremia, and/or the tissues and fluids surrounding the brain and spinal cord, causing meningitis.
What does CDC know about invasive pneumococcal disease among people who get 2009 H1N1 or seasonal influenza?
Influenza (flu) infections can make people more likely to develop pneumococcal infections. Pneumococcal infections are a complication of 2009 H1N1 and seasonal flu infections and can cause serious complications, including death. CDC tracks pneumococcal disease through Active Bacterial Core surveillance (ABCs), part of the Emerging Infections Program Network (EIP).
Originally posted by blc4r4
reply to post by amatrine
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