reply to post by B.A.C.
I am no biologist, so I can't speak for the precise answers to your questions. However I am a computer scientist and I can provide a compelling
example that lends credence to evolution.
In artificial intelligence, there exists a technique known as Genetic Algorithms or GA.
A genetic algorithm is a program written to quickly find solutions to equations or other problems, by a process of random mutation and selection.
It more or less goes like this:
A population of solutions with randomized attributes is created. Because it is randomized, they are pretty much all crappy solutions.... some crappier
than others.
a process of selection and elimination removes from the population the worst performers, then it generates a brand new population by randomly choosing
attributes from the "winning" solutions in the previous round.
this process repeats until eventually (and much faster than other search methods) a very good solution is found.
The GA (genetic algorithm) is analogous to the process of reproduction, and the selection process is analogous to the notion that organisms with
greater fitness have an increased likelihood to survive.
In as much as GA represents a "model" of life and reproduction, then it could be said to be laboratory evidence for evolution. It is up to you to
agree or disagree as to whether GA mimics life and reproduction.
One thing is certain: Genetic Algorithms are proof that a random process coupled with a selection component will result in accurate solutions, so
anybody claiming that evolution is impossible because it contains randomness, should probably come up with a new counterargument. The process of
genetic mutation and reproduction includes both randomness and a selection component, so it does seem to be a close analog.
-rrr