Gaza: secondary war being fought on the internet

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The Hamas web operation has also sprung into action online. The group has relied on shocking images of civilian casualties taken by local media workers to rally people to its cause. The images have also been placed on Islamist websites, along with messages calling for Israel's destruction.

Hamas-supporting hackers have launched their own guerrilla conflict, targeting Israeli-run websites of all descriptions with around 300 reportedly defaced or taken offline in the first weekend of the conflict alone.

Nevertheless Hamas has produced nothing to rival the organisation and sophistication of Israel's PR war. Explaining the focus on information, Israeli military spokeswoman Major Avital Leibovich said: "The blogosphere and new media are another war zone and we have to be relevant there."

Analysing the online blitz, Israel's media says the country's focus on using the internet to put across its side of the story can largely be explained by two factors.

It is claimed that, during the 2006 Lebanon War, Israel's inability to put across its 'party line' contributed to the immediate pressure it faced to abandon its operation.

It is also felt that Israel is particularly keen to use the internet as an alternative to more traditional sit-down interviews with international television stations and media outlets because many mainstream stations are slated as being unsympathetic.

Declaring that Israel was winning its online PR war, the English-language daily The Jerusalem Post said that its presence both online and in the international media had left Israel with vital breathing space in the international arena.

Israel backed by army of cyber-soldiers

WHILE Israel fights Hezbollah with tanks and aircraft, its supporters are campaigning on the internet.

Israel’s Government has thrown its weight behind efforts by supporters to counter what it believes to be negative bias and a tide of pro-Arab propaganda. The Foreign Ministry has ordered trainee diplomats to track websites and chatrooms so that networks of US and European groups with hundreds of thousands of Jewish activists can place supportive messages.

In the past week nearly 5,000 members of the World Union of Jewish Students (WUJS) have downloaded special “megaphone” software that alerts them to anti-Israeli chatrooms or internet polls to enable them to post contrary viewpoints. A student team in Jerusalem combs the web in a host of different languages to flag the sites so that those who have signed up can influence an opinion survey or the course of a debate.

A group of Israeli students and would-be cyberwarriors have developed a program that makes it easy for just about anyone to start pounding on pro-Hamas websites. But using this "Patriot" software, to join in the online fight, means handing over control of your computer to the Israeli hacker group.

"While you're running their program, they can do whatever they want with your computer," Mike La Pilla, manager of malicious code operations at Verisign iDefense, the electronic security firm.

The online collective "Help Israel Win" formed in late December, as the current conflict in Gaza erupted. "We couldn't join the real combat, so we decided to fight Hamas in the cyber arena," "Liri," one the group's organizers, told Danger Room.

So they created a simple program, supposedly designed to overload Hamas-friendly sites like qudsnews.net and palestine-info.info. In recent years, such online struggles have become key components in the information warfare that accompanies traditional bomb-and-bullets conflicts. Each side tries to recruit more and more people -- and more and more computers -- to help in the network assaults. Help Israel Win says that more than 8,000 people have already downloaded and installed its Patriot software. It's a small part of a larger, increasingly sophisticated propaganda fight between supporters of Israel and Hamas that's being waged over the airwaves and online.

Help Israel Win, which has websites in Hebrew, English, Spanish, French, Russian and Portugese, doesn't say much about how the program functions -- only that it "unites the computer capabilities of many people around the world. Our goal is to use this power in order to disrupt our enemy's efforts to destroy the state of Israel. The more support we get, the more efficient we are."

Analysis from iDefense and the SANS Institute, however, reveals that computer users put their PCs at risk when they run the Patriot software. The program connects a computer to one of a number of Internet Relay Chat (IRC) servers. Once the machine is linked up, Help Israel Win can order it to do just about anything.

The Patriot program does something "fishy," SANS Institute security specialist Bojan Zdrnja said, by retrieving "a remote file and sav[ing] it on the local machine as TmpUpdateFile.exe." That could easily be a "trojan," Zdrnja said, referring to a program that sneaks malicious code onto a computer.

"While at the moment it does not appear to do anything bad (it just connects to the IRC server and sites there -- there also appeared to be around 1,000 machines running this when I tested this) the owner can probably do whatever he wants with machines running this," Zdrnja wrote.

Liri, with Help Israel Win, conceded that "the Patriot code could be used as a trojan. However, "practically it is not used as such, and will never be."

"The update option is used to fix bugs in the client, and not to upload any malicious code... never have and never will," Liri said. "The project will close right after the war is over, and we have given a fully functional uninstaller to [remove] the application."

It's also unclear how much the Patriot program is really helping the Israeli side in the online information war.

La Pilla has been monitoring Help Israel Win's IRC servers for days. "They didn't make us download and install anything. Didn't make us [attack] anybody. I was basically just sitting idle on their network." The group claims to have shut down sarayaalquds.org and qudsvoice.net. But, as of now, the rest of the group's pro-Hamas targets remain online. Meanwhile, Help Israel Win has had to shift from website to website, as they come under attack from unknown assailants.