reply to post by Spiramirabilis
how does one determine morality without free will? (it's a sincere question - not a jab)
And here's a sincere answer. If you look about you at the animal kingdom, in particular the social species, you will see the origins of morality in
certain kinds of behaviour that have evolved to maximize the survival potential of the genes of the species.
The key is to see that natural selection isn't (primarily
at least) about preserving species, kin groups or individuals. It's about
preserving
genes (this, incidentally, is Richard Dawkins's great insight, the reason why he is considered one of the leading scientific minds
of our age).
What's good for the individual may not always be good for its genes. If the individual never reproduces, or if its offspring fail to reproduce in
their turn, the genes are lost.
So for an individual to sacrifice itself to save its young, or to aid the survival of a kin group in which most members carry at least some of its
genes, makes perfect sense from a Darwinian-Dawkinsian point of view.
That is the starting point. I would argue that human morality evolved from there, growing more complex along with human society and culture as it
responded to the increasing size and inclusiveness of 'in' groups and the increasing fineness and subtlety of distinctions between in and out
groups.
Basic morality is built into us at an instinctive level. Mirror neurons in our brains fire when we see someone else doing something, mimicking the
neural pattern in the doer's brain. Perhaps this helps explain empathy.
A sense of fair play seems to be built into us too.
I would provide links, but I'm afraid
Syntax123 will read them and penetrate my pseudoscientific disguise.
do you guys have a handshake?
No, we rub noses. And other parts too, but only in private.