reply to post by Donny 4 million
It takes the same amout of nads just to train and die here on earth.
Yes it do brother..and I sincerely thank you for your service to our country!
Indeed, I am thankful we can share a case of beer and rant about this stuff!
I brought some popcorn too..
You do know it lies to us do you not.
Yep, I remember tricky dick and 4 dead in Ohio too. Yes, of that, I have no doubt. Just not about Apollo.
Topic:
Hearing is not beleiving. They watch movies in Moscow too.
The folks in Moscow were not watching this on TV or a movie.
I am going to attempt to explain to you and other readers how the Russians verified Apollo and the landings for themselves, and have never disputed it
for 40years now. In the words of the immortal Ralph Cramdon (Jackie Gleason) Too the Moon Alice!!
They were monitoring it with a type of Radar.S-Band microwave transmissions.
or Unified S-band system (USB) The specifications (including the specific frequencies) of this system was released to the entire world in April 1965
at the IEEE International Electronics Symposium.
history.nasa.gov...
The release of this information was done with the specific purpose of letting the world know how to watch this show live. Yes, the Russians got a copy
of this paper.And I would not be surprised if they got a sparkling new Collins receiving system from us. Just to be sure they didn't miss the show.
However, they were more than capable of building their own!
The reason this system was called "unified" S-Band, was because it could deliver several kinds of information about the mission, modulated on 1
carrier frequency. These are Namely:
1) Ranging (this includes speed and location)
2)Digital command data (controls onboard systems and returns systems status)AKA telemetry
3)Voice subcarriers
4)Television
5)Biomedical data
A total of 3 of these S-Band carriers.(microwave frequencies)
For the sake of this demonstration , we are in Moscow in 1969 sippin' our beer and pointing our newly built S-band Microwave antenna. watchin' the
movie live.
I will concentrate on number(1) Ranging. This is the most important part of verification.
Where is the spacecraft, and how fast is it going relative to the Earth?
This part cannot be faked when using this system. The frequency of the carrier is known with great precession. As the spacecraft travels through space
toward the moon, Its speed changes. It decreases until it arrives at at point between the Earth and the moon where there is mutual gravity between
them. Then re-accelerates the rest of the way to the moon.(The Russians knew all about Trans lunar injection
en.wikipedia.org... . They were the first to do it with the Luna 1 on January 2, 1959.)
The receiver on the ground measures the speed by comparing the recived frequency to the calibrated standard carrier frequency. Thus, the speed can
be calculated with great precession. This is exactly how a police radar gun catches us speeding. Doppler shift.
Now, You have the speed.Wow, It slowed down just in the right place, then sped back up just when it should have. And you might think, well that would
be easy to fake, with a geosynchronous satellite that just changes it's transmit frequency. Nope, The other part of this system is all about the
aiming of your ground based antenna. It has, because of the microwave frequency, a fairly narrow beamwidth. You have to have it pointed at the
spacecraft. This spacecraft is headed to the moon, so you have to point your antenna in the general direction of the Moon.(following the known trans
lunar injection ellipse) The moon is not geosynchronous, and due to celestial mechanics (which I will not go into here), It would have been much more
difficult for NASA to put a frequency agile satellite in an orbit that matches the orbit of our Moon. From all locations on Earth (remember, we are in
Russia now, with our satellite dish antenna pointed at the Moon watching the show.)In fact, it would HAVE to be on the Moon. The first part of the
trip, the spacecraft makes a semi elliptical orbit around the Earth before it heads to the moon. So, for that part we are pretty busy pointin' our
big dish at the thing while it's in orbit. Then when it gets to the Moon, we can relax and drink our beers cause all we got to do now is just keep
pointed at the Moon.
Dang..they did it...here.... have another beer.... and pass the popcorn.
P.S. I have never spat on anyone, and least of all anyone who has laid his/her life on the line for our country.
we all lost friends and family in that god awful war.
Good luck with your book!