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Protecting your personal information with "what you know" is no longer good enough as it is now easy to find information like a birth date, address or mother's maiden on social networking sites such as Facebook and MySpace.
Additional measures of combining "what you know" (eg Pin numbers) with "what you have" (eg smartcards or tokens) do provide another level of protection for consumers against identity fraud. For example, since 2006 and the introduction of chip-and-Pin card technology in the UK, bank card fraud losses have fallen by nearly £80 million, according to the APACS UK Payments Authority.
But in some instances, where even greater assurance of identity is required, organisations are seeking even better protection via another layer, "what you are". Biometrics is the use of technology to prove identity using biological identifiers, such as fingerprint, iris and vein patterns that are unique to individuals.