While I think you make a good argument for the pitfalls any species developing technology is likely to encounter, I doubt that the chances that one
(probably more) species could survive these problems is zero.
In other words, while yes, these are issues, they are not insurmountable, nor should we expect any of these issues to be the end all for every species
the universe potentially holds.
In fact, Humans are currently within the window of survival. We have the potential within the next 100 years to begin to colonize our solar system,
and various space outposts placed at La Grange coordinates throughout the system.
Moving offworld will necessarily elliminate the 'all of our eggs are in one basket' problem, and things like Asteroid impact to the planet on an ELE
level will cease to be a threat to Humans, and only remain a threat to our homeworld.
I'll do my best to address your points individually, since your post was very well thought out, I feel each point deserves a response...
Originally posted by Stockburn
In my opinion we won't ever see aliens come to earth. They simply can't exist as a civilization for that amount of time to achieve such a feat.
For a civilization to mature and expand it would have to learn galactic space travel at a colossal level within x amount of years or something like
this will eventually befall them.

As addressed above, I believe there is a window of survivability, and Humans are currently in it.
Originally posted by Stockburn
1. Planet resources will be exhausted (within a ten thousand years?)

You are assuming that within that 10,000 year span that a species will not evolve a better method of resource utilization. I don't think that's a
safe assumption.
Within the next decade green technology will begin to produce more than 50% of the world's power needs. Studies are currently underway here in
California to harness the tidal power along the coast using wave farms to create electricity.
Additionally, I believe that biomass is the power source of the future, and algae grows off of CO2 (so there is an obvious solution to the greenhouse
problems we are facing). The oceans suck up CO2 from the atmosphere, and algae feed off of it. If you were to stick a pipe far enough down into the
ocean, CO2 will come out the top of the pipe (no joke, that's for real). In this manner we can harvest CO2 from the ocean, as fuel for cultured
algae (growing biomass) and at the same time be lowering the content of CO2 in the ocean, which will in turn allow the ocean (like the giant sponge it
is) to draw more CO2 from the atmosphere, and our global warming problems are over.
Heck give our species 10,000 years, and I'll bet we'll come up with even better methods of resource utilization.
Originally posted by Stockburn
2. Meteor destroys habitat
Local Space travel is needed to thwart an incoming meteor and the means to destroy the meteor

Totally true, and totally possible, but if we get a few footholds offworld, that problem is no longer a threat to our entire species. In fact,
building space stations inside existing asteroids (drilling them out like we would drill out a tunnel here on Earth) makes a lot of sense, and it's
an idea any species with a local asteroid belt could exploit for a lot less energy than building a similar vessel from scratch materials launched from
the homeworld.
Originally posted by Stockburn
3. Ice age occurs
How will they have the power to change the weather on a global basis?

Well, if 'they' leave their homeworld altogether (as a Type II Civilization might) this is no longer an issue, however climate change can be
addressed, as detailed above.
Originally posted by Stockburn
4. Planet warms up massively
How will they have the power to change the weather on a global basis?

Same answer as for #3
Originally posted by Stockburn
5. Nearby Star goes Supernova
They are bound to die here unless they left the vicinity well before.

This is true, however a Star's Supernova is usually contained to the heliosphere of the system itself. What I think you might be referencing here is
a Gamma Ray Burst, which could wipe out entire systems at once.
That's a much better argument on your original thoughtline, but GRBs aren't exactly common, and we have observable evidence of systems much older
than our own proving that GRBs in a local vicinity wiping a system out are the exception, and not the rule (as we can observe thus far).
Originally posted by Stockburn
They would have to cross the light barrier which is not possible.

They wouldn't have to cross the light barrier, just have a good enough understanding of the stars around them (and their potential for near term
death) in order to get a good head start
Also, as mentioned above, in the case of a supernova, they would only have to leave the system's local space, they wouldn't have to travel all the
way to another system necessarily, especially if they are using a power source that doesn't depend on thier star (like matter/antimatter reactors,
etc.)
Originally posted by Stockburn
Maybe they even send out probes to far away planets with seeds of themselves and over millions of years they grow to become what their ancestors were,
whilst they stay and fry. That would be one way of keeping the life cycle going, BUT they will be stuck with the above scenario once again.

This last part is a well known theory called Panspermia (or directed Panspermia, as a seeding technique). And once again, I feel all of the above
mentioned obstacles can be overcome. I feel Humans will do so in fact (although I might be wrong

).
Thanks for a well thought out post. I'll give it a star and flag, even in disagreement.
-WFA