Good OP & a pretty good thread, with some intelligent and interesting responses.
On the subject of NORAD etc. on 9/11, I invite consideration of the following. You don't have to accept it, but consider the possibility of a mundane explanation which fits all the facts as known.
Originally posted by NGC2736
... the ability to hijack a plane and then have the time to pilot it for some time thereafter in the skies of America, unmolested in any way by the USAF.
If you really look into the SOP of NORAD, the command structure and available resources, then unpreparedness and incompetence really are a more likely explanation of why the USAF did not immediately identify, intercept and shoot down four civilian passenger airliners over American airspace, murdering all the passengers on the strength of a suspected hijacking.
On 9/11 there were only 14 fighter jets on alert in the contiguous 48 states. No computer network or alarm automatically alerted the North American Air Defense Command (NORAD) of missing planes. "They [civilian Air Traffic Control, or ATC] had to pick up the phone and literally dial us," says Maj. Douglas Martin, public affairs officer for NORAD.
Boston Center, one of 22 Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) regional ATC facilities, called NORAD's Northeast Air Defense Sector (NEADS) three times at 8:37 am EST to inform NEADS that Flight 11 was hijacked; at 9:21 am to inform the agency, mistakenly, that Flight 11 was headed for Washington (the plane had hit the North Tower 35 minutes earlier); and at 9:41 am to (erroneously) identify Delta Air Lines Flight 1989 from Boston as a possible hijacking.
The New York ATC called NEADS at 9:03 am to report that United Flight 175 had been hijacked — the same time the plane slammed into the South Tower. Within minutes of that first call from Boston Center, NEADS scrambled two F-15s from Otis Air Force Base in Falmouth, Mass., and three F-16s from Langley Air National Guard Base in Hampton, Va. None of the fighters got anywhere near the pirated planes.
Why couldn't ATC find the hijacked flights? When the hijackers turned off the planes' transponders, which broadcast identifying signals, ATC had to search 4,500 identical radar blips crisscrossing the country's busiest air corridors
And NORAD's sophisticated radar? It ringed the continent, looking outward for threats, not inward. "It was like a doughnut," Martin says. "There was no coverage in the middle." Pre-9/11, flights originating in the States were not seen as threats and NORAD wasn't prepared to track them
Of course, it might all be a big conspiracy involving all the command staff at NORAD, the entire USAF and thousands of others working in ATC & other agencies. But it honestly doesn't look like it.
Let's think about something for a moment. Even if you knew for certain that four aircraft had been hijacked (and this was not known with any certainty until after some of the planes hit), were able to very rapidly identify four aircraft amongst hundreds of identical radar blips, were able to vector interceptors onto them within minutes (fat chance) with say a 70% certainty of a positive ID, would you give the order to shoot them down?
What if you got it wrong? How would you sleep for the next 30 years? Imagine what the media are going to do with you. 'The man who gave the order to murder 300 airline passengers, who didn't even wait for the planes to land somewhere and have a negotiated end to the hijack...blah blah'. It would go on for decades. Have you any idea how vilified you would be by the relatives of the murdered? I bet a few of them would take out a contract on you.
Years after an event, it's easy to sit in your armchair and be a 'Monday-morning quarterback'. 'Why didn't 'they' do this, why didn't 'they' do that? It's onviously a conspiracy, because I don't understand it...'
With only minutes to make big decisions in an uncertain situation with all the usual business of a normal day clouding everything up, delay and decision-paralysis usually takes over.
There are those who always see conspiracy in everything, often keenly embracing ignorance on the flimsiest of evidence. Usually the truth is accessed by remaining more skeptical and looking at how things happen in the real world and how humans behave in crisis.
Beware those with the certainty of a 'cause'. They are dangerous indeed.


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