Originally posted by davenman
Also, they do use radar to find the NEOs. I don't remember where, but I read about the use of dopplar radar to find and pinpoint locations and
speeds of asteroids.
Not to belabor a minor issue. Doppler radar would not work in Earth to space to Earth applications as the energy needed to emit a signal; bounce off
an object that is far away, and return would make it highly ineficient.
You might be thinking about the "doppler effect" that is usesd to determine stars' positions/movements relative to Earth. In this case, the
"doppler effect" is measured by a change in color; a "red shift" if you will, to determine a star's relative movement to/from Earth.
Here is an excerpt from a lengthy study written
by NASA where-in they describe the need for improved abilities to detect NEO's over what's being used today (optical).
Scroll down to section 3.4.7 "Asteroid Detection/Negation":
It has been proposed that a very suitable location for a space-based optical asteroid detection system would be in orbit around Venus. From that
location, it would be in an ideal location to observe asteroids in the vicinity of Earth, and would also benefit from the shadow of Venus when
observing "at opposition" (away from the Sun.)
Additional optical systems would possibly be advantageous at other points in space. The Earth-Sun system Lagrange point, L1 (the "interior" or
"halo orbit point") has been suggested. L4 and/or L5 of the Earth Sun system or L3 of the Venus-Sun system (the "anti Venus" point) might also be
candidates. Some of these locations might be especially valuable for detecting long-period comets on Earth-impacting trajectories that are too
difficult to see from Earth because the viewing angle is always too close to the Sun.
Since advance warning is of the utmost importance with these objects, it will likely be considered worthwhile to investigate detection methods,
other than optical. One such technique that has been proposed is that of radio waves ("Alfven Waves") caused by the flow of the solar wind over
any impermeable object. These waves are of low frequency and do not penetrate the Earth's ionosphere.