Corporal Punishment in Our Schools
State sanctioned abuse of our children?
School paddlings fewer, not gone
DELTA, Mo. — As he sits in his office at Delta High School, wearing blue jeans and a Nike T-shirt, Nate Crowden reaches to his left.
Atop a filing cabinet is a paddle, not unlike the one used at this rural, southeast Missouri school when Crowden was a student here in the 1970s.
These days, Crowden is the principal.
“We don’t have any discipline problems here,” said Crowden, holding the narrow wooden paddle. “And one of the reasons we don’t is
because we use this.”
Nice attitude, huh? But according the
Society for Adolescent Medicine:
...Corporal punishment is an ineffective method of discipline and has major deleterious effects on the physical and mental health of those inflicted.
There is no clear evidence that such punishment effectuates more discipline or better control in the classroom. Physically punishing children has
never been shown to enhance moral character development, increase the student's respect for teachers or other authority figures in general, intensify
the teacher's control in class, or even protect the teacher. Such children, in our view, are being physically and mentally abused and there are no
data actually demonstrating that such victims develop enhanced social skills or self-control skills. Current research concludes that corporal
punishment is not always a method of last resort, and that there is not an increase in violence in schools which reject use of this
technique...
Current research in behavior modification concludes that using positive reinforcement techniques that reward appropriate behavior is more efficacious
and long lasting than methods utilizing aversive techniques...
Research notes that corporal punishment constructs an environment of education which can be described as unproductive, nullifying, and punitive.
Children become victims, and trepidation is introduced to all in such a classroom. There is a limited (if any) sense of confidence and security, and
even those children who are witness to such abuse are robbed of their full learning potential. Students who are witnesses or victims of such abuse can
develop low self-esteem, magnified guilt feelings, and the acquisition of anxiety symptoms; such results can have baneful results in the psychosocial
and educational development of the students. When studies look at the milieu of these classrooms, one finds that all are subjects to less, not more,
learning. The nurturing of open communication, so vital to effective education, is severely spoiled in such aversive settings.
Hyman et al. persistently assert that approximately one- half of students who are subjected to severe punishment develop an illness called
Educationally Induced Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (EIPSD). In this disorder, there is symptomatology analogous to the Post-Traumatic Stress
Syndrome (PTSS). As with PTSS, EIPSD can be identified by a varying combination of symptoms characteristic of depression and anxiety. This mental
health imbalance is induced by significant stress; with EIPSD the stress is the inflicted punishment. Such victimized students can have difficulty
sleeping, fatigue, feelings of sadness and worthlessness, suicidal thoughts, anxiety episodes, increased anger with feelings of resentment and
outbursts of aggression, deteriorating peer relationships, difficulty with concentration, lowered school achievement, antisocial behavior, intense
dislike of authority, somatic complaints, tendency for school avoidance, school drop-out, and other evidence of negative high-risk adolescent
behavior...
( Source. )
With the exception of Canada and one state in Australia, the United States is the only industrialized nation that continues to allow school corporal
punishment. (
Source. )
Here is a map that identifies which states continue to allow the practice:
According to this
website:
Injuries occur. Bruises are common. Broken bones, nerve and muscle damage are not unusual. An estimated 1% to 2% of all recipients of school
corporal punishment require medical evaluation and treatment for injuries resulting from the punishment. Brain injury and even death has occurred in
the U.S. due to school corporal punishment.
Here is recent example:
Paddling investigation by DHS continues
As a Community High School vice principal says the sheriff's investigation found no child abuse from corporal punishment administered by him, a state
spokesman reports the Department of Children's Services is "still investigating" the paddling...
During Oct. 26-28, TV, Internet and newspaper reports quoted Freddy and Tracy Manus of Unionville and their son, Samuel, 14, as saying the eighth
grader was paddled Oct. 19. The corporal punishment was for an alleged infraction of school bus behavior rules on Oct. 18...
The Smyrna doctor who diagnosed Samuel Manus as a victim of child abuse complied with state law that requires people suspecting abuse to report it to
the Department of Children's Services...
"Samuel's injuries were unfortunate and excessive," she said Wednesday morning. "I'd hope that they've been an eye-opener to parents and
administrators"" about corporal punishment.
The boy suffered "a knot and bruise on [his] lower spine [and] swelling due to excessive force ... punishment with a wooden paddle," Milligan wrote
in her physician notes...
Sometimes, seeing is believing...
And here is recent photo I was able to find from an 2004 incident in Arkansas.
So how often does corporal punishment take place? That's a good question...
According to this article:
School paddlings fewer, not gone
According to data released this month by the U.S. Department of Education, Missouri ranks 10th nationally in annual paddlings at elementary and
secondary schools. Missouri and Kansas are among 22 states that allow corporal punishment, but schools in Kansas deliver far fewer swats than
Missouri.
According to the federal data — projections based on samplings from 6,000 districts and 60,000 schools, including 178 districts in Missouri
and 122 in Kansas — Kansas used corporal punishment on 46 students during the 2002-03 academic year. Missouri used it on 6,875.
What??? Data from the 2002-03 academic year, based on "projections" from "samplings" only just released in November 2005!!!???
And look at this site that identifies 342,038 students were subjected to corporal punishment, based upon government statistics concerning the
1999-2000 School Year, but only released February, 2003. (
Source. )
Does that give you the warm and fuzzy that those numbers are right? Why the delay? Why the sampling?
Yet another dimension to the distressing material already documented in this thread...
[edit on 25-4-2006 by loam]