Explosive situation in Yellowstone, page 15

It is not a matter of if the Yellowstone Calerda erupts , but rather when.

In fact it is overdue for an eruption , below you will find posted the graphics of the

2.1 million years ago
1.3 million years ago
.63 million yars ago

Yellowstone's geology is composed of glacial deposits and three main welded tuffs (volcanic pyroclastic lava flows) from eruptions beginning approximately 2.1 million years ago. The Early Pleistocene (Ice Age) tuffs found in Yellowstone National Park are especially important because they make up much of the whole area. The catastrophic eruption forming Huckleberry Ridge, first of the last 30, ejected 2,400 times as much material as did the 1980 Mt. St. Helens eruption. Ash went as far west as California, east as Iowa, north to Saskatchewan and south to the Gulf of Mexico. The second half of the Pliocene, 3.2 and 2.1 million years ago, was warmer then. These global climatic changes were synchronous with those in the North Atlantic (and maybe caused by this eruption). Then Earth's wind patterns were like those of today, with stronger winds blowing out of the northwest.

The Huckleberry Ridge Tuff was followed by the Mesa Falls Tuff (1.3 million years ago) and the Lava Creek Tuff (0.63 million years ago). During the Lava Creek eruption, ground-hugging flows of hot volcanic ash, pumice and gases swept across an area of more than 3,000 square miles. These enormous pyroclastic flows formed the Lava Creek Tuff. Its caldera actually started to evolve 1.2 million years ago when the magma started rising to create a bulge with many fractures. The rhyolitic flow created ring fractures all around the caldera. These fractures went straight into the magma chamber where they started to relieve the pressure by means of three eruptive pulses 150,000 years ago, 110,000 years ago and 70,000 years ago. The total rhyolitic rock produced was about 1000 cubic kilometers.

Yellowstone's magma chamber is believed to be about 45 by 85 kilometers across, similar in size to the overlying caldera. The top of the chamber is about 8 km deep while the bottom is around 16 km deep. However, the chamber is not completely filled with fluid magma. It contains a partial melt, meaning that only a portion of the rock is molten - about 10 to 30%. The rest is solid rock. Still, a massive amount of magma, about 10,000 cubic-km (2,400 cubic- miles) is present in the chamber.

Yellowstone will erupt again, and when it does, it could be a disaster for the United States and eventually, for the whole world. Volcanologists believe it would begin with the magma chamber becoming unstable. Observations of larger earthquakes and greater uplifting of the caldera will occur as magma intrudes closer to the surface. An earthquake could rupture the brittle surface layer and it would be similar to breaking the lid off a pressure cooker. This would generate sheets of magma, which will perhaps rise 30 to 50 kilometers, sending gigantic amounts of debris into the atmosphere. Pyroclastic flows would cover a widespread region, killing tens of thousands of people in the surrounding area.

The ash, carried in the atmosphere and deposited over vast areas of the United States, would have devastating effects. The plume of material ejected high into the atmosphere from the eruption would produce global climatic effects. It would soon spread worldwide and have a cooling effect that would almost certainly destroy Earth's growing seasons on a global scale.

The eruption would throw out hundreds to thousands of cubic kilometers of rock, ash, dust, sulfur dioxide into the upper atmosphere. There, it would reflect incoming solar radiation, reducing temperatures on the Earth's surface. It would be the equivalent of a nuclear winter - or worse. Much of the air might not even be fit to breath. The effects would last for four or five years causing crop failures as well as a breakdown of the whole ecosystem.

LINK: www.barry.warmkessel.com...

As Dr. Ted Nield, of the Geological Society of London, stated once, “When a supervolcano goes off, it is an order of magnitude greater than a normal eruption. It produces energy equivalent to an impact with a comet or an asteroid.” “You can try diverting an asteroid, but there is nothing at all you can do about a supervolcano